List of string quartets by Béla Bartók
The Hungarian composer Béla Bartók wrote six string quartets, each for the usual forces of two violins, viola and cello:
- String Quartet No. 1, Op.7, Sz. 40, BB 52
- String Quartet No. 2, Op.17, Sz. 67, BB 75
- String Quartet No. 3, Sz. 85, BB 93
- String Quartet No. 4, Sz. 91, BB 95
- String Quartet No. 5, Sz. 102, BB 110
- String Quartet No. 6, Sz. 114, BB 119
Posterity
Notable composers who have been influenced by them include:
- Benjamin Britten, particularly in the Sonata in C for Cello and Piano (Rupprecht 1999, 250; Whittall 2013, 189)
- Elliott Carter, who refers in the opening of his own First String Quartet to Bartók's Sixth Quartet (Schmidt 2012, 172)
- Chen Yi (Wong 2007, 237)
- Edison Denisov, whose Second Quartet is closely related to Bartók's Fifth Quartet (Čigareva 2007, 231)
- Franco Donatoni, who was deeply impressed when he heard a broadcast of Bartók's Fourth Quartet (Osmond-Smith 2001)
- Robert Fripp, who mentions them as an influence upon King Crimson (Tamm n.d.)
- Miloslav Ištvan (Němcová 2001)
- György Kurtág, whose Opp. 1 and 28 both owe a great deal to Bartók's quartets (Sallis 2014, passim; Sanderson & [2013])
- György Ligeti, whose two string quartets both owe a great deal to Bartók's quartets (Iddon 2014, passim; Satory 1990, 101–103)
- Bruno Maderna (Palazzetti 2015, passim)
- George Perle, who credits the Bartók Fourth and Fifth Quartets as precedents for his use of arrays of chords related to one another by different types of symmetry (Lansky 2001)
- Walter Piston (Donahue 1964, passim; Manheim n.d.)
- Steve Reich, who described them in an interview as "the greatest set of quartets since Beethoven".
- Kim Dzmitrïyevich Tsesakow (Shcherbakova 2001)
- Wilfried Westerlinck (Volborth-Danys 2001)
- Stefan Wolpe, who explained in a public lecture how he had derived ideas from Bartók's Fourth Quartet (Babbitt n.d.)
- Xu Yongsan (Wong 2007, 238).
Recordings
Key recordings of the complete cycle include:
- Emerson String Quartet, Deutsche Grammophon, released 1990.
- Hagen Quartet
- Juilliard String Quartet:
- Recorded 1949, New York. Robert Mann and Robert Koff, violins; Raphael Hillyer, viola; Arthur Winograd, cello. Three LPs, 12 in., monaural. Columbia Masterworks ML 4278/4279/4280.
- Recorded May and September, 1963, Columbia 30th Street Studios, New York. Robert Mann and Isidore Cohen, violins; Raphael Hillyer, viola; Claus Adam, cello. Three LPs, 12 in., stereo. Columbia Masterworks D3L 317 (set): ML 6102, 6103, 6104. New York: Columbia Masterworks, 1965.
- Recorded 13–23 May 1981, Columbia 30th Street Studios, New York. Robert Mann and Earl Carlyss, violins; Samuel Rhodes, viola; Claus Adam, cello.
- Lindsay String Quartet (Anon. n.d.).
- Takács Quartet, Decca 289 455 297-2. Released 1998.
Sources
- Anon. n.d. “Bartok*, Lindsay String Quartet* – The 6 String Quartets (Listing of the 1988 reissue). Discogs.com (accessed 22 October 2017)
- Babbitt, Milton. n.d.. untitled essay. In "Recollections of Stefan Wolpe by Former Students and Friends", edited by Austin Clarkson. Ada Evergreen website (Accessed 18 April 2014).
- Čigareva, Evgeniâ Ivanovna. 2007. "Zur Bartók-Rezeption in Russland". Studia Musicologica 48, nos. 1–2 (March): 225–36.
- Donahue, Robert L. 1964. "A Comparative Analysis of Phrase Structure in Selected Movements of the String Quartest of Béla Bartók and Walter Piston". DMA thesis. Cornell University.
- Iddon, Martin. 2014. "Bartók’s Relics: Nostalgia in György Ligeti’s Second String Quartet". In The String Quartets of Bela Bartok: Tradition and Legacy in Analytical Perspective, edited by Daniel Péter Biró and Harald Krebs, 243–60. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-993619-9.
- Lansky, Paul. 2001. "Perle, George". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Manheim, James. n.d. "Harlem Quartet: Walter Piston: String Quartets Nos. 1, 3, and 5". Allmusic.com (accessed 18 April 2014).
- Němcová, Alena. 2001. "Ištvan, Miloslav". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Osmond-Smith, David. 2001. "Donatoni, Franco". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Palazzetti, Nicolò. 2015. "Italian Harmony during the Second World War: Analysis of Bruno Maderna's First String Quartet". Rivista di Analisi e Teoria Musicale 21, no. 1: 63–91.
- Rupprecht, Philip. 1999. "The Chamber Music". In The Cambridge Companion to Benjamin Britten, edited by Mervyn Cooke, 245–59. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Sallis, Friedemann. 2014. "Recycled Flowers: Quotation, Paraphrase, and Allusion in György Kurtág’s Officium breve in memoriam Andreæ Szervánsky op. 28 for String Quartet". In The String Quartets of Bela Bartok: Tradition and Legacy in Analytical Perspective, edited by Daniel Péter Biró and Harald Krebs, 285–305. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-993619-9.
- Sanderson, Blair. [2013]. "Armida Quartett: Bartók, Kurtág, Ligeti: String Quartets". AllMusic.com (Accessed 18 April 2014).
- Schmidt, Dörte. 2012. "'I Try to Write Music That Will Appeal to an Intelligent Listener’s Ear': On Elliott Carter’s String Quartets", translated by Maria Schoenhammer and John McCaughey. In Elliott Carter Studies, edited by Marguerite Boland and John Link, 168–89. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Satory, Stephen. 1990. "Colloquy: An Interview with György Ligeti in Hamburg". Canadian University Music Review/Revue de musique des universités canadiennes 10:101–17.
- Shcherbakova, Taisiya. 2001. "Tsesakow, Kim Dzmitrïyevich". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Tamm, Eric. n.d. "Fripp the Listener", chapter 3 of "Robert Fripp—From Crimson King to Crafty Master". Progressive Ears website (Accessed 18 April 2014).
- Volborth-Danys, Diana von. 2001. "Westerlinck, Wilfried". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Whittall, Arnold. 2013. "Britten’s Rhetoric of Resistance: The Works for Rostropovich". In Rethinking Britten, edited by Philip Ernst Rupprecht, 181–205. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-979481-2.
- Wong, Hoi-Yan. 2007. "Bartók's Influence on Chinese New Music in the Post–Cultural Revolution Era". Studia Musicologica: An International Journal of Musicology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 48, nos. 1–2 (March): 237–43.
External links
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