Lithocarpus kalkmanii

Lithocarpus kalkmanii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fagales
Family:	Fagaceae
Genus:	Lithocarpus
Species:	L. kalkmanii
Binomial name
	Lithocarpus kalkmanii; S.Julia & Soepadmo[1]

Lithocarpus kalkmanii is a tree in the beech family Fagaceae. This species is named for the Dutch botanist Cornelis Kalkman.[2]

Description

Lithocarpus kalkmanii grows as a tree up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 60 cm (24 in). The brownish or greyish bark is cracked or lenticellate. Its coriaceous leaves are tomentose and measure up to 15.5 cm (6 in) long. The dark brown acorns are roundish and measure up to 6 cm (2 in) across.[2] This species produces fruits with an 'enclosed receptacle' morphology, where the seed becomes embedded in the basal tissue of the fruit as it develops.[3] This basal material becomes woody, granular and hard and replaces the outer wall of the ovary as the mechanically protective tissue for the seed.

Classification

This species probably belongs to the subgenus Eulithocarpus, based on Camus' infrageneric classification system,[4] because of its 'ER' fruit morphology and the few widely spaced concentric lamellae on the cupule.

Distribution and habitat

Lithocarpus kalkmanii is endemic to Borneo where it is known only from Sabah.[1][2] Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp to montane forests from 1,000 m (3,000 ft) to 1,500 m (5,000 ft) altitude.[2]

References

"Lithocarpus kalkmanii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Soepadmo, E.; Julia, L.; Go, Rusea (2000). "Lithocarpus kalkmanii S. Julia & Soepadmo". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). 3. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 64, 66. ISBN 983-2181-06-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Cannon, Charles H.; Manos, Paul S. (2000). "The Bornean Lithocarpus Bl. section Synaedrys (Lindl.) Barnett (Fagaceae): its circumscription and description of a new species" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 133 (3): 343–357. doi:10.1006/bojl.1999.0325. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
Camus, Aimee (1948). "Les chenes. Monographie des genres Quercus et Lithocarpus, Atlas vol. 3". Encyclopedie Économique de Sylviculture. 7: 152–165.

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[WCSP-1] "Lithocarpus kalkmanii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

[TFSS-2] Soepadmo, E.; Julia, L.; Go, Rusea (2000). "Lithocarpus kalkmanii S. Julia & Soepadmo". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). 3. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 64, 66. ISBN 983-2181-06-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

[cannon00-3] Cannon, Charles H.; Manos, Paul S. (2000). "The Bornean Lithocarpus Bl. section Synaedrys (Lindl.) Barnett (Fagaceae): its circumscription and description of a new species" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 133 (3): 343–357. doi:10.1006/bojl.1999.0325. Retrieved 2020-03-20.

[camus48-4] Camus, Aimee (1948). "Les chenes. Monographie des genres Quercus et Lithocarpus, Atlas vol. 3". Encyclopedie Économique de Sylviculture. 7: 152–165.