Marzabotto

Marzabotto (Medial Mountain Bolognese: Marzabòt) is a small town and comune in Italian region Emilia-Romagna, part of the Metropolitan City of Bologna. It is located 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-southwest of Bologna by rail, and lies in the valley of the Reno. The area includes the site of an ancient Etruscan city and also the place of a modern massacre that took place there during World War II.

Marzabotto
Comune
Comune di Marzabotto
Marzabotto acropolis
Coat of arms
Location of Marzabotto
Marzabotto
Location of Marzabotto in Italy
Marzabotto
Marzabotto (Emilia-Romagna)
Coordinates: 44°20′20″N 11°12′20″E
CountryItaly
RegionEmilia-Romagna
Metropolitan cityBologna (BO)
Frazionisee list
Government
 • MayorValentina Cuppi
Area
 • Total74 km2 (29 sq mi)
Elevation
130 m (430 ft)
Population
 (30 September 2017)[2]
 • Total6,826
 • Density92/km2 (240/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Marzabottesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
52100
Dialing code051
Patron saintSt. Joseph and St. Charles [3]
Saint dayMarch 19
WebsiteOfficial website

Etruscan city

In and below the grounds of the Villa Aria, close to the city, are the remains of an Etruscan town of the 5th century BC, Kainua, protected on the west by the mountains, on the east and south by the river, which by a change of course has destroyed about half of it.[4][5] The acropolis was just below the villa: here remains of temples were found.

The town lay below the modern high-road and was laid out on a rectangular plan divided by main streets into eight quarters, and these in turn into blocks or insulae.[6] Necropoleis were found on the east and north of the site.[7] The place was partially inhabited later by the Gauls, but was not occupied by the Romans.[8]

  • Map of the Etruscan site
  • Remains of Etruscan temples at Marzabotto
  • Remains of Etruscan necropolis at Marzabotto

World War II massacre
Main article: Marzabotto massacre

On September 29, 1944, during the World War II German occupation of Italy, the town was the site of the worst massacre of civilians committed by the Waffen SS in Italy.[9] In reprisal of the local support given to the partisans and the resistance movement, soldiers of the SS-Panzer-Aufklärungsabteilung 16, killed systematically hundreds of civilians in Marzabotto, and in the adjacent Grizzana Morandi and Monzuno.[10] The town was awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valour for this episode.

References
  1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Istat. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Istat. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. There are several saints called Charles (Italian: San Carlo). None of their feast days is on March 19, so this may be a local saint. Alternatively, the local church may contain relics of one of the known Saint Charles.
  4. Pearce, M., R. Peretto, P. Tozzi, DARMC, R. Talbert, S. Gillies, T. Elliott, J. Becker. "Places: 393448 (Marzabotto)". Pleiades. Retrieved March 12, 2016.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Sybille Haynes (1 September 2005). Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History. Getty Publications. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-0-89236-600-2.
  6. Luisa Banti (1973). Etruscan Cities and Their Culture. University of California Press. pp. 9–. ISBN 978-0-520-01910-2.
  7. Paolo Bernardini; Giovannangelo Camporeale (2004). The Etruscans Outside Etruria. Getty Publications. pp. 182–. ISBN 978-0-89236-767-2.
  8. The Etruscan town of Marzabotto Archaeological site and National Etruscan Museum "Pompeo Aria" http://www.archeobologna.beniculturali.it/marzabotto/note_en.htm
  9. Alexander Mikaberidze (25 June 2013). Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia [2 Volumes]: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 441–. ISBN 978-1-59884-926-4.
  10. Nigel Cawthorne (24 July 2012). The Story of the SS. Arcturus Publishing. pp. 142–. ISBN 978-1-84858-947-6.
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