Meßstetten

Meßstetten (German: [mɛsˈʃtɛtn] (listen)) is a town in the Zollernalbkreis district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated in the Swabian Jura, 24 km southeast of Balingen. It is close to the Heuberg Training Area with the Lager Heuberg. Within the Heuberg Training Area there is the legendary Dreibannmarke, also called the "Bahn", a 17th-century border, which today marks the border between three different municipalities, formerly in the three states of Württemberg, Baden, and Hohenzollern. The meadow at the Dreibannmarke served as a stopping place for traveling merchants, wagons and craftsmen. With care it is possible to identify traces of the border. After the inauguration of the firing ranges, a meadow in Meßstetten was allocated as a camping site at the edge of the restricted area. Until 1835 merchandise was smuggled over the customs borders guarded by local hunters. Coffee smuggler Haux had was killed on 21 July 1831 in Pfaffental.

Meßstetten
View across Meßstetten
Coat of arms
Location of Meßstetten within Zollernalbkreis district
Meßstetten
Meßstetten
Coordinates: 48°10′50″N 08°57′45″E
CountryGermany
StateBaden-Württemberg
Admin. regionTübingen
DistrictZollernalbkreis
Government
 • MayorFrank Schroft
Area
 • Total76.82 km2 (29.66 sq mi)
Elevation
907 m (2,976 ft)
Population
 (2019-12-31)[1]
 • Total10,671
 • Density140/km2 (360/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
72465–72469
Dialling codes07431, 07579, 07436
Vehicle registrationBL, HCH
Websitewww.messstetten.de
Water tower Rauer Bühl, a landmark of Meßstetten.

The local economy mixes agriculture with services and small-scale industry. Most of Meßstetten today has a residential character with many citizens working in the highly industrial areas of Albstadt or in Balingen. Only in Tieringen is an industrial area. A blacksmith developed to an industrial character, also a textile firm.[2][3][4]

Sister cities

Religions

The following religions are present in Meßstetten:

On 11 May 1525 the priest of (Meßstetten-Ober) Digisheim blessed the army in the German Peasants' War.[6]

Food and drink
Musmehl, main ingredient of Brenntar
  • Brenntar, was a Swabian staple foodstuff,[7] of the old Meßstetten. It is made of a specially roasted flour called Musmehl. Roggensuppe(breakfast) is made of rye flour[8]
  • Alb-Leisa, traditional lentil varieties of this region.
  • Most Traditional production of perry.

Shrove Thursday

On this day the townhall is in the hands of the Fasnetsnarren.[9] In Meßstetten the carnival play[10][11] "Müllers Schuh im Mehlkasten" is historical.The Heuberg Training Area was criticized in the construction phase. "Funkenfeuer/Spark-Fire" is historical.[12][13] In 2018 the ladies of the Royal Harem and Scheich Schrofti citicized the Police School in the construction phase.[14] [15] An old historical "freier Markt" is in the near Oberndorf am Neckar, also in Rottweil. During Fasnet the famous Fasnet-Küchle are made.[16] Persons come with "Affagsichter" and "Schnitzbuckel"[17] In 2017 was a big event in Hartheim. All roads were closed for over five hours.[18] Sitting Bull (Mayor Frank Schroft) had big problems to put in the faucet to get the first beer [19] In 2020 the assault gun fell out because of a barrel burst.[20]

Mining

In former times iron ore was mined on the Heuberg.[21] Fidel Eppler was the name of the mine inspector. The buttress wood was bought in Truchtelfingen and used by Lautlingen miners at the Hörnle area.[22] In Oberdigisheim Geppert in 1738 SHW-Ludwigsthal produced iron ore.[23] From an old 3.5 km mine in an ooidal iron ore seam (Doggererzflöz) in Weilheim is wood in the Tuttlinger Fruchtkasten.[24] Steel was produced in Tuttlingen by the Schwäbische Hüttenwerke in Ludwigstal, which produces now iron brakes. In Meßstetten-Michelfeld sand was found in an old arm of Danube. Christian Kiesinger (1876-1969) father of Kurt Georg Kiesinger[25] had a factory. Ooidal iron ore (Bohnerz aus Eisenroggenstein) was found.[26] After the Franco-Prussian War the mining was stopped.[27] Jet work (to make black jewellery which was very fashionable),was called Beinschnitzen.[28][29]

Mountain

The mountain range is protected as Upper Danube Nature Park, and is a popular tourist destination, especially for hiking,[30] camping, mountaineering, horse back riding, mountain biking, skiing and snowboarding. The Schwäbischer Albverein and the Naturschutzbund Deutschland Alb Guides made many tours.[31][32] The Schwäbische-Alb-Nordrand-Weg is a long distance way. The most famous is the Hossinger Leiter.[33] It is an old way to the Tübingen–Sigmaringen railway from Hossingen and Oberdigisheim. [34]

Smuggling until 1835

Smuggling across the border (Württemberg, Baden, Province of Hohenzollern) in Meßstetten to, from Meßsteten- Heinstetten, Straßberg. 30.000 bibles (Martin Luther) to Habsburg: Hans Ungnad von Weißenwolff, Freiherr von Sonneck, Hans III. (1493–1564), famous bible printer and smuggler in Bad Urach[35] Smuggler, translator and Slovene refugee Protestant preacher Primož Trubar, who published the first books in the Slovene language and is regarded as the key consolidator of the Slovene identity, lived in Tübingen Derendingen. The smuggler was called Schwärzer in the local dialect due to the black camouflage color on his face.

Danube tour guides
  • Historic backdrop as an event location. Door to door saleswoman (Hausierin), Schwärzerin and Schlimmeres. Father: smuggling iron ore Tuttlingrn (Eisenschmelze Ludwigstal).[36][37]

Smuggler used caves in Meßstetten and Hossingen.[38] Bibles of Martin Luther, coffee, corn and steel was smuggled.[39][40] In 1831 the smuggler Haux was shot dead on the path. In the book Via Bologna a murder is on the secret path to the smuggler cave(48.188521°N 8.962843°E / 48.188521; 8.962843 (Schmugglerhöhle)), today a hiking way.[41]

Graves

Nature

Fruit Trees

To help people to help themselves Württemberg plant an alley of trees. (Dienstbarkeit on private ground). Hossingen Parkplatz Oberbuch (48.191868°N 8.942837°E / 48.191868; 8.942837 (Obstbaumalle hossingen)) Meßstetten Unterdigisheim (48.171666°N 8.947783°E / 48.171666; 8.947783 (Obstbaumalle Meßstetten)) Alte Landstraße Obedigisheim (48.170788°N 8.900050°E / 48.170788; 8.900050 (Obstbäume))

The tree farms of Wilhelm and the Brüdergemeinde delivered for free.[43][44]

Butterflies

On 7 July 2017 permission was specially granted by the Regierungspräsidium Karlsruhe for everybody to catch butterflies in Hossingen Rastplatz Oberbuch. It was called Schmetterlingsnacht (Butterflynight). The idea was born at the Schwäbischer Albverein in Hossingen. The state action: Dr. Robert Trusch, Dipl.-Biol, zentrale Landesdatenbank Schmetterlinge, State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe (SMNK), Entomologische Abteilung.[45]

Herbert Fuchs (Naturschutzbüro Zollernalb) was the leader of the training course.[46]

GermanLatinSpecimens
NesselzünslerPatania ruralis1
Weißdorn-GespinstzünslerAcrobasis advenella1
Goldhaar-RindeneuleAcronicta auricoma2
Schwefelgelber Flockenblumen-WurzelfresserAgapeta zoegana2
Unscheinbarer GraszünslerAgriphila straminella1
Gestreifter GraszünslerAgriphila tristella1
Stengeleule (Artenkomplex)Amphipoea fucosa / lucens / oculea1
Große GrasbüscheleuleApamea monoglypha5
Bergheiden-Johanniskraut-SpannerAplocera praeformata2
Brauner BärArctia caja1
Ockergelber BlattspannerCamptogramma bilineata28
Eichen-FaulholzmotteCarcina quercana1
Löwenzahn-WurzelwicklerCelypha striana2
Klee-GitterspannerChiasmia clathrata7
Weißer SichelflüglerCilix glaucata1
TrapezeuleCosmia trapezina1
Weißer GraszünslerCrambus perlella1
Dunkelgrüne FlechteneuleCryphia algae1
Moosgrüner RindenspannerDeileptenia ribeata1
Depressaria chaerophylli1
FichtenzapfenzünslerDioryctria abietella2
Gelbleib-FlechtenbärchenEilema complana6
Nadelwald-FlechtenbärchenEilema depressa4
HeidespannerEmaturga atomaria2
Eschen-ZackenrandspannerEnnomos fuscantaria1
Gemeiner BindenspannerEpirrhoe alternata1
Fleckleib-LabkrautspannerEpirrhoe tristata1
Mondfleckiger BlütenspannerEupithecia centaureata1
Schafgarben-BlütenspannerEupithecia icterata10
Dreipunkt-BlütenspannerEupithecia tripunctaria5
Grauer KnospenwicklerHedya nubiferana1
Hellbraune StaubeuleHoplodrina ambigua32
Heidelbeer-PalpenspannerHydriomena furcata1
Nessel-SchnabeleuleHypena proboscidalis1
Breitgesäumter ZwergspannerIdaea biselata1
Vierpunkt-FlechtenbärchenLithosia quadra1
KohleuleMamestra brassicae1
Großes OchsenaugeManiola jurtina1
Getreide-Halmeule (Artenkomplex)Mesapamea secalis / secalella / remmi18
Weißfleck-GraseuleMythimna conigera20
Kapuzen-GraseuleMythimna ferrago4
Breitflügelige BandeuleNoctua comes2
Bunte BandeuleNoctua fimbriata1
Janthe-BandeuleNoctua janthe1
Janthina-BandeuleNoctua janthina1
HausmutterNoctua pronuba2
Weißkopf-WicklerPandemis cinnamomeana1
Paraswammerdamia albicapitella1
Kleiner BerberitzenspannerPareulype berberata1
Hohlzahn-KapselspannerPerizoma alchemillata1
Weißlicher Augentrost-KapselspannerPerizoma blandiata1
ZimtbärPhragmatobia fuliginosa6
Huflattich-FedermottePlatyptilia gonodactyla1
Olivenbrauner ZünslerPyrausta despicata1
Purpurroter ZünslerPyrausta purpuralis3
Braunbinden-WellenstriemenspannerScotopteryx chenopodiata2
Lärchen-KnospenwicklerSpilonota laricana1
Gelbflügel-RaseneuleThalpophila matura8
Buschwald-FettzünslerUdea olivalis4
Pflaumen-FettzünslerUdea prunalis1
Buchen-SichelflüglerWatsonalla cultraria3
Dunkler Rostfarben-BlattspannerXanthorhoe ferrugata5
Vierbinden-BlattspannerXanthorhoe quadrifasiata2
Heller Rostfarben-BlattspannerXanthorhoe spadicearia2
Rhombus-BodeneuleXestia stigmatica3
additions:
Kleiner TotengräberNicrophorus investigator1
Gehörnter MistkäferOdonteus armiger

Legends

Wangen
Radome on Weichenwang at Meßstetten

Places now lost are remembered in legend. A town called "Wangen" between Hossingen and Meßstetten has now disappeared.[47] An as-yet undiscovered Celtic town of Pyrene was mentioned in ancient sources. The identification of Pyrene would bring special honor to researchers, since it is the oldest town in the Upper Danube region known from written sources.[48] In 2010 more vague evidence occurs in old blood in the region of the Upper Danube: a virus of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, CCHF which mostly led to death in earlier times.[49] The locality "Neu-Wangenhausen" (Nüwenghausen), mentioned in a document from 1477, could be no other place in the district.[50]

The microtoponyms (flurnames) of the mountaintop "Weng" in the Heuberg Training Area and "Wangen" by the radar installation Weichenwang are in common use.

Antiquities

During the construction of a drainage ditch Alfred Ludwig Oetinger, pastor in Meßstetten und Hossingen from 1856 to 1868, discovered a bronze cauldron and potsherds near the Weichenwang. To the great derision of the workmen he secured the finds and forwarded them for scientific evaluation. Around 1850 the area was a frequent target of grave robbers.[51]

The pastor then carried out systematic excavations, first on his own, and later on behalf of the "Staatssammlung vaterländischer Alterthümer" (State Collection of Patriotic Antiquities).[51] The investigators documented unique finds of Celtic wagon burials with preserved wooden pieces and jeweled harness fittings. In 1869 it was impossible to exactly date the finds. Without evidence a very extensive, but short-lived, settlement was postulated at the time of the burials.

Hemmadhäddler

An old story talks about the Hemmadhäddlers, which are said to appear at certain times. A bold teamster from Tieringen was driving an empty wagon over the Weichenwang to Baienberg with a group of men from Hausen am Tann. At midnight he chanced to invoke the Hemmadhäddlers. All passengers survived the encounter with the apparitions, but they had to cut the traces of the skittish horses and abandon the wagon stuck in the deep loam.[52]

Schimmelreiter's secret love-affair

Another old tale tells of a spectral rider on a white horse (Schimmelreiter), who secretly visited his lover on the Weichenwang. Many times in stormy autumn weather a Schimmelreiter is said to be seen riding toward the Weichenwang (Heiligenwang) from the old castle of Burtel near Hossingen, the remains of which are visible today.[53] Regarding the couple, there was a recorded relationship between a knight and the daughter of the lord of the castle, whose homes are said to be the castles of Hossingen and Tierburg. In 1898, Emil Schweizer included a version of this story in his article on the Balingen Mountains (Balinger Bergen).[53] More vague evidence occurs in an old document: the noble knight Kunz acquired a castle in Meßstetten on July 14, 1327, from the Lord of Bubenhofen. It may be that lord of Castle Hossingen in financial difficulties so that he had to pawn his fiefdom to the rich lord of Bubenhofen. Perhaps the Schimmelreitier was Kunz, from Neuentierberg Castle, and had he acquired for his beloved her father's castle in Hossingen.[54]

Notable people

The following list includes notable people who were born or have lived in Meßstetten.

  • Batian Dreher (Dreer) (born in Heinstetten) poacher, kept prisoner in Bärenthal[55]
  • Simon Weinckler (born in Heinstetten) poacher, 1538 kept prisoner in Bärenthal[56]
  • Stefan Löffler (born in Meßstetten) killed the forest keeper[57]
  • Hans Löffler (born in Meßstetten) poacher[57]
  • Veltin Walz, forester[58]
  • Agnesa Decker (born in Meßstetten, died 1587) not guilty in fire as witch[59][60]
  • Johann Ludwig Andreae (1667–1725), priest, scientist
  • Theodor Friedrich Wilhelm Märklin (1817–1866), firm since 1859, later Märklin.
  • Matthias Koch (1860–1936), teacher
  • Friedrich Maier (1875-1945) major,peace provider 1945, killed in action[61][62][63]

[64]

  • Christian Kiesinger (1876-1969) farmer, brick factory in Michelfeld, father of Kurt Georg Kiesinger[65]
  • Friedrich Göhring (1876–1948), born in Hossingen, member of the House of the Parliament in Württemberg
  • Alfred Quellmalz (1899–1979) scientist
  • Martin Stengel (1877-1945) Lammwirt[63] peace provider 1945, killed in action.[66]
  • Oskar Riegraf (1911-unknown) Oberleutnant, tribunal Standgericht in townhall in Meßstetten 21 April 1945. Under wrong name in America.[67]
  • Erwin Gomeringer (1914–2006), member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg
  • Oswald Rathfelder (1922–2011), botanist
  • Karl Bohnenberger (1863–1951), university teacher, Ehrenbürger since 1932
  • Walter Strich-Chapell (1877–1960), actor[68]
  • Elisabeth Walter (1897–1956), teacher in Heinstetten. On the Heuberg Training Area was a place for gypsies before the Porajmos. In a book from Elisabeth Walter is narrated the story of Schmiedledick by the gypsy.[69]
  • Wilhelm Strienz (1900–1987), singer
  • Ernst Huber (1902-after 1961), teacher, member of the Lower House of the Parliament Nazi Party,insurance agent
  • Walther Groz (1903–2000), Ehrenbürger since 1952
  • Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (1905–1944), member of the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power - hunter in the wood of Meßstetten
  • Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (1907–1944), member of the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power. Often on the way from Bueloch to Torfels. Hunter in the wood of Meßstetten.
  • Willi Fischer (1943–2008),
  • Siegfried Zimmer (Religionspädagoge) (born 1947), university teacher, vicar
  • Hans-Joachim Eckstein (born 1950), university teacher, vicar[70]
  • Winfried Dalferth (born 1953), singer, vicar
  • Thomas Bareiß (born 1975), member of the Bundestag
  • Pascal Bodmer (born 1991), Olympic Games 2010

Web

References
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  3. Walter Koch: „Blacksmith“ Interstuhl. In: Schwarzwälder Bote, Meßstetten, 8.Novemberber 2016.
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  5. St Klaus von Flüe
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  35. smuggler in german
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  42. WW 2
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  46. Naturschutzbüro Schwäbischer Albverein +Nabu+BUND...
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    Conner J. Wiktorowicz et al.: Hemorrhagic fever virus, human blood, and tissues in Iron Age mortuary vessels. In: Journal of Archaeological Science. Band 78, 2017, S. 29–39, doi:10.1016/j.jas.2016.11.009 (Online-Vorabveröffentlichung vom Dezember 2016)
  50. "Der Wille". Balingen: Landkreis Balingen. Kreisamtsblatt 27. Juni 1936.
  51. Alfred Ludwig Oetinger (1875). "Mitteilungen űber die Untersuchung Mehrer Reihen- und Hűgelgräber bei Meßstetten und Hossingen, D.U. Balingen". Schriften de Wűrttemb. Alterthumsvereins. 2 (S): 38–52.
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  53. Emil Schweizer. "Albvereinsblätter 10/1/1898 von den Balinger Bergen". Stuttgart: Schwäbischer Albverein: 11–13. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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  55. Bestand Ho177 T2 Nr.5 auf Landesarchiv-BW.de
  56. Bestand Ho177 T2 Nr.9 auf Landesarchiv-BW.de
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  64. in 2020 german
  65. Klek: Hossinger..: . In: Heimatkundliche Blätter Balingen, , . 2002, Nr. l0, S. 1325f., hier S. 1327.
  66. Ernst Sauter Helmut Sieber, Visual Design Meßstetten (ed.), Meßstetter Kurzgeschichten von Ernst Sauter: 1. Auflage 2012 (in German), p. 77
  67. Manuel Werner. "Oskar Riegraf". Nürtinger NS Opfer (in German). Meßstetten.
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  69. Schmiedledick. In: Badische Zeitung, 16 October 2010
  70. Eckstein (in german)
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