Melaleuca foliolosa

Melaleuca foliolosa is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to northern Queensland in Australia. It is distinguished by it very small leaves which are pressed against the stem and almost overlap each other.

Melaleuca foliolosa
M. foliolosa at Keatings Lagoon, Cooktown, Queensland
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Melaleuca
Species:
M. foliolosa
Binomial name
Melaleuca foliolosa

Description

Melaleuca foliolosa is a tree growing up to 10 m (30 ft) tall with white or greyish papery bark and a bushy crown. Its leaves are arranged in alternating pairs (decussate) and are 2.0–3.2 mm (0.08–0.1 in) long and 0.8–1.8 mm (0.03–0.07 in) wide. They are almost triangular in shape and pressed against the stem so that they almost overlap.

The flowers are cream to greenish white and arranged in short spikes or almost spherical heads in the upper leaf axils. Each head contains 2 to 8 individual flowers and is up to 15 mm (0.59 in) in diameter. The petals are 1.8–2.0 mm (0.07–0.08 in) long and fall off as the flower opens. The stamens are arranged in five bundles around the flower, each bundle containing 20 to 35 stamens. Flowers appear from April to October and are followed by fruit which are woody capsules 2.5–3.5 mm (0.098–0.14 in) long.[1][2]

foliage
fruit

Taxonomy and naming

Melaleuca foliolosa was first formally described in 1866 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis from a specimen collected by Allan Cunningham at Cape Flinders.[3][4] The specific epithet (foliolosa) is from the Latin word folium meaning "leaf", hence foliolose, referring to the numerous, small leaves of this species.[1]

Distribution and habitat

This melaleuca is found throughout the Cape York Peninsula growing in woodland and savannah in sand, clay and near coastal salt pans.[1] It forms a low shrubland on the margins of saline flats near the Annan River.[5]

Ecology

Melaleuca foliolosa is host to the mistletoe species Amyema herbertiana and Notothixos incanus.[6] It is also an important component of the environment of the endangered Golden-shouldered parrot (Psephotus chrysopterygius).[7]

References
  1. Brophy, Joseph J.; Craven, Lyndley A.; Doran, John C. (2013). Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 170. ISBN 9781922137517.
  2. Holliday, Ivan (2004). Melaleucas : a field and garden guide (2nd ed.). Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Reed New Holland Publishers. p. 192. ISBN 1876334983.
  3. "Melaleuca foliolosa". APNI. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  4. Bentham, George (1866). "Melaleuca foliolosa". Flora Australiensis. 3 (21): 162. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  5. "Sclerophyll forests and woodland of the wet tropics bioregion" (PDF). West tropics management authority. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  6. Downey, Paul O. (1998). "An inventory of host species for each aerial mistletoe species (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia" (PDF). Cunninghamia. 5 (3): 685–720. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
  7. "National recovery plan for the golden-shouldered parrot (Psephotus chrysopterygius)". Retrieved 1 April 2015.
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