Montrouge

Montrouge (French pronunciation: ​[mɔ̃ʁuʒ]) is a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, located 4.4 km (2.7 mi) from the centre of Paris, France. It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe. After a long period of decline, the population has increased again in recent years.

For the French actor and theatre manager, see Montrouge (actor).
Montrouge
Commune
Town hall and St Jacques church
Coat of arms
Location (in red) within Paris inner suburbs
Location of Montrouge
Montrouge
Location (in red) within Paris inner suburbs
Montrouge
Montrouge (Île-de-France (region))
Coordinates: 48°49′02″N 2°19′19″E
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentHauts-de-Seine
ArrondissementAntony
CantonMontrouge
IntercommunalityGrand Paris
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Étienne Lengereau
Area
1
2.07 km2 (0.80 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
50,260
 • Density24,000/km2 (63,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
92049 /92120
Elevation67–85 m (220–279 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

History

The name "Montrouge" means Red Mountain - from mont (mountain) and rouge (red) - because of the reddish colour of the earth in this area.

The name of the community was first mentioned in monastery documents in 1194.

Throughout the Middle Ages, the hamlet was home to monasteries and a number of religious orders, while in the 15th century it became the site of quarries used for the reconstruction of Paris. The late sixteenth century saw the plain of Montrouge named "reserve for royal hunts", and during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries it was known for its windmills, which have all now disappeared.

On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighbouring communes. On that occasion, most of the commune of Montrouge was annexed to Paris, forming what is now called Petit-Montrouge, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. The remainder of Montrouge was preserved as an independent town.

In 1875, the town gained a few thousand square metres from the neighbouring communes of Châtillon and Bagneux (principally in the neighbourhood (le quartier) called Haut Mesnil).

On 8 January 2015, Municipal Police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe was shot and killed in the commune, purportedly by Amedy Coulibaly. Coulibaly was reported to be an accomplice of Saïd and Chérif Kouachi, the suspected perpetrators of the Charlie Hebdo shooting. The next day, he was gunned down by police during a siege that left four hostages dead and several other people injured.[2]

Economy

Industrial development started in 1925 and soon, many printing factories were to be found in the town. Most of these have disappeared today. Since the early years of the twenty-first century, professional services and telecommunications have been the main business activities.

Public transport
Mairie de Montrouge Metro Station

Montrouge is served by the Mairie de Montrouge station on Paris Métro Line 4, and by the Châtillon – Montrouge station on Paris Métro Line 13. The Châtillon - Montrouge station is located at the border between the commune of Montrouge and the commune of Châtillon, on the Châtillon side of the border.

The Mairie de Montrouge station was opened on 23 March 2013 as part of the extension of Metro Line 4 to the south. Two further stations (Verdun Sud on Montrouge southern border, and Bagneux) are due to open in 2020.[3]

Bus line 68 runs from Metro Châtillon Montrouge all the way up through Montparnasse, the Louvre, the Paris Opera and ends at the Place de Clichy, the site of the Moulin Rouge. Bus line 126 runs from Porte d'Orléans to Boulogne-Billancourt, while line 128 goes from the same place to Robinson RER station. Bus line 323 runs on the southern border of Montrouge on its way between Issy-les-Moulineaux and Ivry-sur-Seine. Several lines (187, 188, 197, 297) use the Route nationale 20 that crosses eastern Montrouge to reach southern parts of the Parisian agglomeration.

The Arts in Montrouge

Montrouge was the home of a number of well-known twentieth century artists, listed below. Currently the town is also well known for two contemporary art exhibitions:

  • The Montrouge Contemporary Art Show, which has existed for over 50 years
  • The JCE, that is European Young Artists exhibition.

Education

Montrouge has seven public primary schools: Aristide Briand, Buffalo, François Rabelais, Nicolas Boileau, Raymond Queneau, Renaudel A, and Renaudel B.[4]

Public junior high schools: Haut Mesnil, Maurice Genevoix, Robert Doisneau.[5]

Public high schools: Lycée Jean Monnet, Lycée Maurice Genevoix.[5]

There is a private secondary school, Groupe Scolaire du Haut-Mesnil.[5]

Notable people
Émile Cresp Place, Belfry, Town Hall and St Jacques church.
Inside the Belfry Montrouge, France
Emile Cresp Place, Christmas 2016

Personalities associated with the commune
  • Amaury-Duval (1808-1885) a student of Ingres including Portrait d'Isaure Chassériau in 1838
  • Harry Baur, Montrouge 1880 – Paris 1943, actor
  • Edouard Boubat, (1923-30 June 1999 in Montrouge), photographer
  • Alexandre Boutique (1851-1923), novelist
  • Émile Boutroux (1845-1921), philosopher and member of the Académie française.
  • Gérard Brach (23 July 1927 in Montrouge - 9 September 2006 in Paris), screenwriter
  • Jean-Roger Caussimon 24 July 1918 in Montrouge - 20 October 1985 in Paris, actor, poet, and libertarian songwriter.
  • Pierre Collet (1914 Montrouge, 1977 in Paris), actor
  • Pierre Colombier, film director, died 25 January 1958.
  • Michel Colucci (Coluche) (1944-1986), humorist. Born in Paris, spent his youth in the city.
  • Jean-Claude Deret (1921-), né Breitman, author, screenwriter, actor, director
  • Robert Doisneau (1912-1994), photographer. Born in Gentilly, settled in Montrouge in 1937
  • Olivier Doran, screenwriter, actor, film director. Lived rue Camille Pelletan from 1997 to 1999
  • Jacques Dynam (30 December 1923 in Montrouge - 11 November 2004 in Paris), real name Jacques Barbé, actor
  • Raymond Federman (1928-2009), American writer, born in Montrouge
  • André Fougeron, (1913-1998), painter, lived and worked in Montrouge
  • Carole Gaessler, journalist for France 2 and France 5
  • Théophile Gautier is supposed to have lived on avenue Verdier
  • Jean Giraud (Moebius) (1938-2012), cartoonist and scenarist
  • Jean-Jacques Goldman, (1951- ), songwriter and singer. Born in Paris, lives now in Marseille
  • Piotr Kowalski (1927-2004)
  • Octave Lapize (1887-1917), cyclist
  • Virginie Ledoyen, actress living in Montrouge since 2003
  • Jano Merry (1930- ), real name Jean Mourier, dancer et 'lanceur' de la mode Be-Bop en France
  • René Metge, (23 October 1941 in Montrouge
  • Ariane Mnouchkine, theatre director, lives in Montrouge.
  • Ti Jack, musician, guitarist and arranger
  • Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), lived at 22 rue Victor Hugo in 1916
  • Jules Pillevesse (1837–1903), composer and conductor died in the commune
  • Bernard Pivot (1935-), journalist. Born in Lyon, lived in the city from 2003 to 2007.
  • Raoul Pugno (1852-1914), born in Montrouge, composer and pianist
  • François Roy, actor and film score composer
  • Patrick Saussois (1954- ), jazz guitarist
  • Claude Sautet (1924-2000), screenwriter and film director born in Montrouge
  • Sébastien Smirou, born in Niort in 1972, poet, writer and psychoanalyst, lives and works in Montrouge
  • Évelyne Sullerot (1924-2017), famous for her feminist militantism
  • Valentine Tessier (1892- 1981), actress, spent her youth in Montrouge
  • Guillaume Werle (1968), belgo-american sculptor, lives and works in Montrouge
  • Atiq Rahimi, prix Goncourt 2008, lives in Montrouge

Others

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. "UPDATE PROFILE The Kouachi brothers and Amedy Coulibaly: comrades in terrorism". dpa-international.com. 9 January 2015. Archived from the original on 10 January 2015.
  3. "Ligne 4 du métro à Bagneux : les gros travaux démarrent". Le Parisien (in French). 6 July 2015.
  4. "Les écoles du primaire." Montrouge. Retrieved on September 7, 2016.
  5. "Le secondaire." Montrouge. Retrieved on September 7, 2016.
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