Nanhua Dam

Nanhua Dam (Chinese: 南化水庫; pinyin: Nánhuà Shuǐkù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâm-hoà Chúi-khò͘), originally named Houjie Dam (後堀水庫), is a dam across the Houku River, a tributary of the Zengwen River in southern Taiwan. Located at Nanhua District, Tainan, the dam was built to provide municipal water to Tainan and Kaohsiung City and is operated by the Taiwan Water Corporation.[2] Construction work started in December 1988, and impoundment of the reservoir began in July 1993. A conduit to supply water from the reservoir to Kaohsiung was completed in October 1993 and the entire project was operational in March 1994.[3]

Nanhua Dam
Official name	南化水庫
Location	Nanhua, Tainan, Taiwan
Coordinates	23°05′22″N 120°32′16″E
Construction began	1988
Opening date	1994
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Earthfill
Impounds	Houku River
Height	87.5 m (287 ft)[1]
Length	511 m (1,677 ft)[1]
Spillway type	Ungated overflow, bathtub
Spillway capacity	4,332 m^3/s (153,000 cu ft/s)[1]
Reservoir
Total capacity	0.158 km^3 (128,000 acre⋅ft)[1]
Catchment area	512 km^2 (198 sq mi)[1]
Surface area	5.37 km^2 (1,330 acres)[1]
Power Station
Operator(s)	Taiwan Water Corporation

The curved earthfill dam is 87.5 metres (287 ft) high and 511 metres (1,677 ft) long, impounding a reservoir with a capacity of 0.158 cubic kilometres (128,000 acre⋅ft) and an active or useful capacity of 0.1495 cubic kilometres (121,200 acre⋅ft).[1] The reservoir naturally receives water from a catchment of 104 square kilometres (40 sq mi), which is not enough to fill it alone. Most of the water is actually diverted through a tunnel from the Qishan River to the east, adding 408 square kilometres (158 sq mi) to the drainage area.[1] The tunnel provides an average of 160.6 million m³ (130,200 acre feet) of water to the reservoir each year.[3]

Because of its location in a mountainous region, Nanhua is prone to heavy sediment accumulation. A small upstream diversion weir was built to send water laden with silt through a bypass tunnel and allow the remaining clear water to enter the reservoir.[4] However, large amounts of silt are still carried into the reservoir during flooding events. In 2009 alone, flooding caused by Typhoon Morakot dumped 17 million m³ (14,000 acre feet) of silt into the reservoir.[5] In February 2010, the Taiwan Water Corporation began the first stage of a two-year sediment removal project at Nanhua.[6]

See also

• List of dams and reservoirs in Taiwan
• Zengwun Dam

References

1. Reservoirs and Weirs in Taiwan (in Chinese). Taiwan Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Public Affairs. p. 335.
2. Fagan, Michael (2012-05-05). "Nanhua Reservoir (南化水庫)". 煞車轉舵再加速. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
3. "Nanhua Reservoir". Museum of Major Engineering Project Models. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
4. Owens, Phil; Collins, Alison (March 2003). "Planning and Decision Making: Opportunities for River Basin Planning of Sediment Management" (PDF). SedNet. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
5. "Impending Flood Season County Magistrate Su Urges for Acceleration in the Dredging of Dams". Tainan Public Works Bureau. 2010-04-13. Archived from the original on 2015-03-22. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
6. "Date set for Nan-Hua Reservoir desilting plan". The China Post. 2009-12-29. Retrieved 2012-07-13.