Nanohyla perparva

Nanohyla perparva is a diminutive species of frog in the family Microhylidae.[2][3][4] It is endemic to Borneo and found in Kalimantan (Indonesia), Brunei, and Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia).[1] The nominal species includes distinct lineages that likely represent different species.[2][3] Common names least narrow-mouthed frog[4] and Labang forest rice frog have been proposed for this species.[1][2]

Nanohyla perparva
Nanohyla perparva from Gunung Mulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Microhylidae
Genus: Nanohyla
Species:
N. perparva
Binomial name
Nanohyla perparva
(Inger and Frogner, 1979)
Synonyms[2]
  • Microhyla perparva Inger and Frogner, 1979

Taxonomy

N. perparva was formerly placed in the genus Microhyla, but a 2021 study using morphological and phylogenetic evidence moved nine species (including N. perparva) to a new genus, Nanohyla.[2][5]

Description

Adult males measure 10.5–11.9 mm (0.4–0.5 in) and adult females 12.4–14.5 mm (0.5–0.6 in) in snout–vent length.[3] The hands have only three fingers. The toe tips are expanded. Colouration consists of shades of brown above, with dark markings on the shoulders and a light band on the flanks.[4]

The tadpoles are very delicate and mostly transparent but appear dark grey when viewed from above. The tail terminates in a flagellum.[4]

Habitat and conservation

Nanohyla perparva occurs in primary lowland rainforests at elevations below 250 m (820 ft). Adults live in the leaf litter and reproduce in both large and small rainwater pools.[1] It can be very abundant after heavy rains when males congregate in water filled depressions and fight for females. The tadpoles are mid-water suspension feeders.[4]

This species is threatened by clear-cutting and conversion of forests into oil palm plantations. It is present in a number of protected areas.[1]

References
  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Microhyla perparva". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T57888A114919580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T57888A114919580.en. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2021). "Nanohyla perparva (Inger and Frogner, 1979)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  3. Gorin, Vladislav A.; Solovyeva, Evgeniya N.; Hasan, Mahmudul; Okamiya, Hisanori; Karunarathna, D.M.S. Suranjan; Pawangkhanant, Parinya; de Silva, Anslem; Juthong, Watinee; Milto, Konstantin D.; Nguyen, Luan Thanh; Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon; Haas, Alexander; Bickford, David P.; Das, Indraneil & Poyarkov, Nikolay A. (2020). "A little frog leaps a long way: compounded colonizations of the Indian Subcontinent discovered in the tiny Oriental frog genus Microhyla (Amphibia: Microhylidae)". PeerJ. 8: e9411. doi:10.7717/peerj.9411.
  4. Haas, A.; Das, I. & Hertwig, S.T. (2021). "Microhyla perparva (Least Narrow-mouthed Frog)". Frogs of Borneo – The frogs of East Malaysia and their larval forms. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  5. Gorin, Vladislav A.; Scherz, Mark D.; Korost, Dmitriy V. & Poyarkov, Nikolay A. (2021-12-01). "Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 97 (1): 21–54. doi:10.3897/zse.97.57968.
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