Necromanis

Necromanis ("extinct pangolin") is an extinct genus of pangolin from superfamily Manoidea. It lived during the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe. It was originally placed within family Manidae, but was eventually removed from it as more fossil pholidotids from outside that family were found and studied more extensively (i.e., with the discovery and study of Eomanis and Patriomanis).[1] Currently, Necromanis is placed as incertae sedis within the pholidotid superfamily Manoidea, together with the families Manidae and Patriomanidae.[2]

This article is about the fossil pangolin Necromanis. For the similarly named fossil bat, see Necromantis.

Necromanis
Temporal range: 28.4–14.0 Ma Middle Oligocene to Middle Miocene
N. franconica and Sansanosmilus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Suborder: Eupholidota
Superfamily: Manoidea
Genus: †Necromanis
Filhol, 1893
Type species
Necromanis franconica
Quenstedt, 1886
Species
  • †Necromanis franconica
  • †Necromanis parva
  • †Necromanis quercyi
Synonyms

N. quercyi was originally placed within Teutomanis by Ameghino in 1905, but was later subsumed into Necromanis. A new fossil humerus attributed to N. franconica from Quercy, France lead researchers to reaffirm Teutomanis quercyi's status as distinct from Necromanis.[3]

Taxonomy
  • Genus: †Necromanis
    • †Necromanis franconica (Quenstedt, 1886)
    • †Necromanis parva (Koenigswald, 1969)
    • †Necromanis quercyi (Filhol, 1893)

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic position of genus Necromanis within superfamily Manoidea.[2][4]

 Pholidotamorpha 
 

†Palaeanodonta

 
 Pholidota 
 

†Euromanis

 
 ? 

†pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

 
 
 

†Eurotamanduidae

 
 Eupholidota 
 

†Eomanoidea

 
 Manoidea 
 

†Patriomanidae

 
 
 

Manidae

 
 †Necromanis 
 

†Necromanis franconica

 
 

†Necromanis parva

 
 

†Necromanis quercyi

 
 ? 
 
 
 
 
 sensu stricto 
 (Pholidota sensu lato) 

References
  1. Gaudin, Timothy J., Robert J. Emry, and Brandon Pogue. "A new genus and species of pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from the late Eocene of Inner Mongolia, China." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26.1 (2006): 146-159.
  2. Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media. 16 (4): 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9.
  3. CROCHET, J. Y., HAUTIER, L., & LEHMANN, T. (2015). A pangolin (Manidae, Pholidota, Mammalia) from the French Quercy phosphorites (Pech du Fraysse, Saint-Projet, Tarn-et-Garonne, late Oligocene, MP 28). Palaeovertebrata, 39(2), e4.
  4. Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634.
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