November 1962

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November 30, 1962: U Thant elected to full term as UN Secretary General
November 7, 1962: Former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt dies at age 78
November 13, 1962: Joseph, father of Jesus, added to veneration by Pope John XXIII

The following events occurred in November 1962:

November 1, 1962 (Thursday)
  • Mars 1, also known as Sputnik 24, was launched by the Soviet Union as part of its Mars program, with an expected arrival date of June.[1] The probe would come within 120,000 miles of Mars on June 19, 1963, but the system that adjusted the probe's antenna, to maintain contact with Earth would fail on March 21, 1963.[2]
  • The United States resumed its arms blockade of ships bound for Cuba, after a two-day suspension during which negotiations had taken place.[3] Meanwhile, the Soviet Union began dismantling its missiles there.
  • Soviet scientist Lev Landau was awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize for Physics in recognition of "his pioneering theories for condense matter, especially liquid helium".[4]
  • The first issue of Diabolik was published in Italy.
  • Died: Ricardo Rodríguez, 20, Mexican racing driver, was killed in a crash while practicing for the Mexican Grand Prix at Magdalena Mixhuca Circuit.

November 2, 1962 (Friday)

November 3, 1962 (Saturday)
  • The earliest use of the term "personal computer" by the media, was made in the New York Times in a story about John W. Mauchly's speech the day before to the American Institute of Industrial Engineers. Mauchly, "inventor of some of the original room-size computers" said that "in a decade or so", everyone would have their own computer with "exchangeable wafer-thin data storage files to provide inexhaustible memories and answer most problems". Mauchly was quoted as saying, "There is no reason to suppose the average boy or girl cannot be master of a personal computer."[8]
  • In what one author describes as a milestone in the term "country music" replacing what had been referred to as "country and western", Billboard magazine renamed its "Hot C&W Singles" chart to "Hot Country Singles", and stopped referring to "western" music altogether.[9]
  • As the state of emergency in India continued, the Defence of India Ordinance took effect. President Radhakrishnan suspended Article 21 (preventing the deprivation of life or liberty without due process) and Article 22 (prohibiting "preventive detention") of the Constitution of India.[10]
  • A group of bandits murdered 25 passengers and the driver on a bus that was traveling near the city of Neiva, Huila in Colombia. The group appeared on the road, ordered the bus to stop, fired guns inside and then hacked the occupants to death with machetes. Six other people survived the attack with injuries.[11]
  • Born: Amy B. Smith, American computer engineer, in Lexington, Massachusetts; Jacqui Smith, British politician and former Home Secretary, known for her involvement in the United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal[12]
  • Died: Harlow Curtice, 69, American automobile executive and President of General Motors from 1953 to 1958

November 4, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The United States conducted an atmospheric nuclear test for the last time, and all of its tests since then have been made underground. The Soviet Union would halt atmospheric testing less than two months later, the last explosion being on Christmas Day. The last atmospheric test ever would be by China on October 16, 1980.[13]
  • The body of USAF Major Rudolf Anderson, the only fatality in the Cuban Missile Crisis, was returned to the United States by Cuba.[14]
  • The first Mexican Grand Prix was won by Jim Clark and Trevor Taylor.
  • Born: Jean-Pierre Bemba, Congolese presidential candidate in 2006, former Vice-President, and convicted war criminal; in Bokada
  • Died: Enos, 6, the first chimpanzee to orbit the earth. Enos, who was sent up by the U.S. three months before John Glenn's orbital flight, had been sick for two months. Officials at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico said that there was "no connection with the two-orbit space flight the chimp made Nov. 29, 1961."[15]

November 5, 1962 (Monday)
  • President Ayub Khan of Pakistan was given a note from U.S. Ambassador Walter P. McConaughy, on authorization from President Kennedy, which said that "The Government of the United States of America reaffirms its previous assurances to the Government of Pakistan that it will come to Pakistan's assistance in the event aggression from India against Pakistan." The existence of the pledge was kept secret, but in 1971, National Security Adviser Henry Kissinger would reveal its existence to Anatoly Dobrynin, the Soviet Ambassador to the U.S.[16]
  • Rotary Interact, a program of the Rotary Club service organization for boys aged 12 to 18, was established, with the first chapter being created in Melbourne, Florida.[17]
  • Saudi Arabia broke off diplomatic relations with Egypt, following a period of unrest partly caused by the defection of several Saudi princes to Egypt.
  • A coal mining disaster in Ny-Ålesund, on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen, killed 21 people.[18] The Norwegian government would be forced to resign in August, 1963, in the aftermath of this accident.
  • Martin Luther King, Jr. visits the University of Michigan.[19] In the course of the day, he makes a speech at Hill Auditorium and participates in a group discussion at the Michigan Union.

November 6, 1962 (Tuesday)
  • The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies, and called for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation. The result was 67 in favor, 16 against (including the U.S., the U.K., France, Japan, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa), and 27 abstaining.[20]
  • In his first meeting with his cabinet, Saudi Arabia's Prime Minister Faisal (later the King) announced his plans to abolish slavery within the Kingdom and to have the government pay owners for the manumission of their slaves.[21]
  • In midterm elections in the United States, the ruling Democratic Party maintained control of the House of Representatives (261-174) and increased its majority in the Senate (64-36). Former U.S. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon, who had narrowly lost the 1960 presidential election to John F. Kennedy, was heavily defeated in his bid to become Governor of California, while the President's younger brother, 30-year-old Teddy Kennedy, was elected U.S. Senator for Massachusetts.[22]
  • James E. Mills, the editor of the Birmingham Post-Herald, was arrested for violating Alabama's state election laws after publishing an editorial in that newspaper, urging voters to support a proposed change in city government. Under the law, soliciting votes on election day was a criminal offense. A trial court initially dismissed the charges as an unconstitutionally-broad interpretation of the law against electioneering on the day of an election, but the Alabama Supreme Court would reverse the dismissal and send the case back to trial. On May 23, 1966, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Mills v. Alabama would reverse the Alabama Court, with Justice Hugo Black noting that "Suppression of the right of the press to... contend for or against change, which was all this editorial did, muzzles one of the very agencies the framers of our Constitution thoughtfully and deliberately selected to improve our society and keep it free." [23]
  • Voters in San Francisco, Alameda County and Contra Costa County, California approved the creation of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system.[24]

November 7, 1962 (Wednesday)
  • The morning after losing his race for California Governor, a bitter Richard M. Nixon told reporters that "You don't have Nixon to kick around any more, because, gentlemen, this is my last press conference".[25]
  • South African dissident Nelson Mandela began a five-year prison sentence. Partway through his time behind bars, he was indicted and convicted for other crimes, and remained in prison for an additional 22 years, until 1990. In 1994, he would be elected the first black President of South Africa.[26]
  • Soviet Premier Khrushchev announced that the withdrawal of Soviet missiles from Cuba was complete. By agreement of the two superpowers, the United States Navy searched all Soviet vessels leaving Cuba to ensure that the missiles were being transported back to the U.S.S.R., and over the next three days, all 42 ballistic missiles had passed through the inspection.,[27] bringing an end to the Cuban Missile Crisis.
  • The Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage, and Registration of Marriages was opened for signature and ratification by United Nations General Assembly resolution 1763 A (XVII).
  • Died: Eleanor Roosevelt, 78, former First Lady of the United States, at her apartment on 55 East 74th Street in Manhattan.[28]

November 8, 1962 (Thursday)

November 9, 1962 (Friday)

November 10, 1962 (Saturday)
  • The funeral service for Eleanor Roosevelt took place at St. James Episcopal Church in Hyde Park, New York. Sitting next to each other in the same pew were two former Presidents of the United States (Harry S Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower), the current President (John F. Kennedy) and the next President, Vice-President (Lyndon B. Johnson).[32]
  • Evacuation of the Indian state of Assam began as troops from China invaded India in the course of the Sino-Indian War. Residents of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) prepared for a probable Chinese takeover as well. Rather than conquering Assam, however, China would later withdraw its forces.[33]
  • Thai educator and writer Mom Luang Pin Malakul was awarded the West German Federal Cross of Merit,[34] and the Belgian Order of Leopold,[35]
  • U.S. President Kennedy signed Executive Order 11063, directing an end to discrimination in public housing that received any federal assistance. However, the order was prospective only and did not apply to "low income units built or planned before November 20, 1962".[36]
  • Died: John Alden, 54, Australian actor and Shakespearean director, died of a coronary occlusion

November 11, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The French ship Jean Gougy ran aground at Land's End, Cornwall, United Kingdom and capsized. Eight of the twenty crew were rescued by helicopter or breeches buoy. Sergeant Eric Smith of 22 Squadron, Royal Air Force would be awarded a George Medal for his actions in the rescue.[37]
  • The first constitution for Kuwait was approved by the Emir, Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, providing for an elected unicameral parliament of 50 members, an executive rule by "the descendants of the late Mubarak Al-Sabah", and specifying, in Article 2, that in the absence of specific legislation, the Sharia Islamic law was to govern the emirate's jurisprudence.[38]
  • Article 14 of the Indian Constitution, the right to equal protection of the laws, was suspended by Presidential order as part of the Defence of India Ordinance; the suspension of constitutional rights under Articles 15, 21 and 22 would remain in effect until January 1969.[10]
  • Born: Demi Moore, American actress, as Demetria Guynes in Roswell, New Mexico

November 12, 1962 (Monday)
  • Two hand surgeons, Dr. Harold E. Kleinert and Dr. Mort Kasdan, performed the first successful revascularization of a severed digit (in this case, a partially amputated thumb) on a human patient, reconnecting the dorsal veins in order to restore function to the hand. The procedure took place at the University of Louisville hospital.[39]
  • U.S. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy attended a reception for the visiting Bolshoi Ballet troupe at the Soviet Embassy in Washington, and passed along a verbal message from the President to Ambassador Dobrynin, to send to Chairman Khrushchev. In return for the U.S.S.R. announcing plans to remove their Ilyushin Il-28 bombers from Cuba over a 30-day period, President Kennedy said, the U.S. would end its blockade.[40]
  • Born:

November 13, 1962 (Tuesday)
the original stamp
Day
the deliberate misprint
  • After American philatelists discovered a rare printing error, known to collectors now as the Dag Hammarskjöld invert, that affected 400 of the hundreds of thousands of four-cent commemorative stamps, U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day ordered 400,000 identical misprints in order to reduce the value of the original goofs, and commented, "The Post Office Department isn't run as a jackpot operation."[41] The mistake, which had changed the background on two sheets of 200 stamps, had been the first by the U.S. Post Office in 44 years, and made each 4 cent issue worth as much as 350 dollars to collectors.[42] Collector Leonard Sherman, who had purchased an unbroken sheet of 50 inverts, saw a potential fortune of $175,000 get deflated to $2.[43]
  • For the first time since the 7th century AD, a new name was added to the Canon of the Mass of the Roman Catholic Church, as Pope John XXIII added Saint Joseph, the earthly father of Jesus Christ, to the list of people venerated in the Communicantes.[44][45]
  • Died: Baron Stasys Šilingas, 77, Lithuanian lawyer and statesman

November 14, 1962 (Wednesday)
  • Eritrea, for ten years an autonomous unit that was part of a federation with Ethiopia, lost its independence by annexation as the 14th province of the Ethiopian Empire. With a force of Ethiopian soldiers outside the Eritrean Assembly building in the region's capital, Asmara, the Eritrean administrator, Asfaha Woldemichael, urged the Assembly to pass a resolution to unite with the "Motherland". The next day, Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie issued Order No. 27, citing the unanimous approval of the Assembly.[46] After another 18 years of war, Eritrea would regain its independence in 1991.[47]
  • In the Quebec general election, the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Jean Lesage, was re-elected.
  • At about 1:30 AM, the southeast door of the Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), located on Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah, was bombed. FBI agents state that the explosive had been wrapped around the door handles on the southeast entrance of the temple. The large wooden entrance doors were damages by flying fragments of metal and glass, and eleven exterior windows were shattered. Damage to interior walls occurred 25 feet inside the temple, but damage to the interior was minor.[48]

November 15, 1962 (Thursday)
  • Archie Moore, who had reigned as boxing's world light heavyweight champion between 1952 and 1962, fought unbeaten challenger Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) in Los Angeles. Clay, who had gained a reputation as "the Louisville Lip who calls the round for a knockout and makes it come true",[49] predicted that he would win in four rounds and knocked Moore out in the fourth.
  • The Greek freighter Captain George, with a cargo of explosives, caught fire during a storm while sailing in the Caribbean Sea near Bermuda. The crew of 25 abandoned the ship and boarded a lifeboat, which capsized after being battered by 45 foot high waves.[50]
  • Danish Defence Minister Poul Hansen resigned his position to replace the recently deceased Hans R. Knudsen as Minister of Finance.[51]
  • Died: Irene Gibbons, 61, American film costume designer. Mrs. Gibbons, who billed herself simply as "Irene", checked into Room 1129 of the Knickerbocker Hotel in Los Angeles, drank heavily, wrote a suicide note and then jumped to her death.[52]

November 16, 1962 (Friday)

November 17, 1962 (Saturday)

November 18, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The first round of voting took place for the 482 seats in France's Chamber of Deputies, with 96 of the candidates winning a majority of the votes in their races, including 45 of Charles De Gaulle's UNR Party. The remaining 386 seats would be decided in the second round on November 25, with only a plurality of the votes required.[59]
  • After a three-week pause during the Sino-Indian War in China's offensive on the Indian frontier to allow reinforcement and buildup of troops, a second and more massive invasion began, with Chinese troops overrunning Indian positions in the Indian state of Assam.[60]
  • The Greek liberty ship Captain George exploded and sank with the loss of 18 crew. Another 13 crew members were rescued.[61]
Niels Bohr

November 19, 1962 (Monday)

November 20, 1962 (Tuesday)

November 21, 1962 (Wednesday)

November 22, 1962 (Thursday)
  • A mob of between 100 and 250 black South African members of the terrorist group Poqo marched from the township of Mbekweni and into white neighborhoods in the city of Paarl. Armed with machetes and clubs, the group surrounded the police station, while others entered homes at random, and attacked residents in the early morning hours, while others vandalized storefronts in the downtown.[66]
  • In the UK, the Chippenham by-election, caused by previous MP David Eccles, having been raised to the House of Lords, was won by Daniel Awdry of the Conservative Party.
  • Died: René Coty, 80, President of France 1954 to 1959

November 23, 1962 (Friday)

November 24, 1962 (Saturday)

November 25, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The second round of voting for France's Chamber of Deputies took place, as President De Gaulle's UNR party won 188 of the remaining 386 seats still contested, giving the UNR a total of 233 seats in the 482 seat Chamber, 8 short of a majority. With the support of at least 30 other candidates from other parties, the UNR had enough to form a coalition government.[71]

November 26, 1962 (Monday)

November 27, 1962 (Tuesday)
Boeing 727 production
Pompidou
  • The first Boeing 727 was rolled out from its hangar in Seattle, and would be flown for the first time on February 9, 1963, with Eastern Airlines putting it into commercial service a year later.[72]
  • French President Charles De Gaulle ordered Georges Pompidou to form a new government.
  • Mátyás Tímár became Minister of Finance in the government of Hungary.

November 28, 1962 (Wednesday)
Mrs. Pandit
Queen Wilhelmina
  • U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day announced the "Zoning Improvement Plan" that would implement a five-digit number identifying each post office in the United States, beginning on July 1, 1963. The "ZIP Code" was initially intended for businesses that had high speed electronic data sorters, but Day said that use by private citizens would not be mandatory, noting that "We're not too concerned if Aunt Minnie doesn't put the numbers on her letter."[73]
  • The United States Armed Forces returned its defense readiness condition to DEFCON 4 after having been at DEFCON 2 since October 23 during the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis.[74]
  • At the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo, Japanese artist Yoko Ono married fellow-artist Anthony Cox. At the time, the future wife of John Lennon was also married to (but separated from) composer Toshi Ichiyanagi, causing Ono to temporarily be in a state of bigamy that would be fixed by an annulment of the marriage to Cox, a divorce from Toshi, and a remarriage with Cox.[75]
  • Following the victory of his party in national elections, Georges Pompidou formed a new government as Prime Minister of France.
  • Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, sister of the India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, became Governor of the state of Maharashtra.
  • Born: Jon Stewart, American comedian and host of The Daily Show, as Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz in New York City
  • Died: Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, 82, who reigned from 1890 to 1948 before abdicating in favor of her daughter, Juliana.

November 29, 1962 (Thursday)
  • An agreement was signed between Britain and France to develop the Concorde supersonic airliner.[76] Only 14 would ever enter service
  • The Norwegian cargo liner Ragna Ringdal ran aground off Vatoa, Fiji. All passengers and crew would be rescued after three days.[77]
  • Died: Erik Scavenius, 85, former Prime Minister of Denmark

November 30, 1962 (Friday)

References
  1. "Soviet Mars Shot Sticks To Plan", Miami News, November 2, 1962, p3
  2. Mildred S. Matthews, et al., Mars (University of Arizona Press, 1992) p75
  3. "U.S. Resumes Air-Sea Watch", Miami News, November 1, 1962, p1
  4. "Russian Wins 1962 Nobel Prize", Miami News, November 1, 1962, p2
  5. Don Rubin, World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific (Taylor & Francis, 2001) p59
  6. "U.S. Arms Go To India", Miami News, November 2, 1962, p1; "Indians Receiver First Planeload Of U.S. Arms", Miami News, November 3, 1962, p1
  7. Walter John Raymond, Dictionary of Politics: Selected American and Foreign Political and Legal Terms (Brunswick Publishing Corp, 1992) p114
  8. "Pocket Computer May Replace Shopping List", New York Times, November 3, 1962
  9. Don Cusic, Discovering Country Music (ABC-CLIO, 2008) p69
  10. Imtiaz Omar, Emergency Powers and the Courts in India and Pakistan (Martinus Nijhoff, 2002) p86
  11. "26 on a Bus Killed by Colombia Bandits", Bridgeport Telegram, November 4, 1962, p2
  12. Ms Jacqui Smith (Hansard)
  13. "Nuclear Tests Worldwide, 1945 to December 31, 1992", Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (April 1993) p49
  14. "Our Patience At End In Cuba, Soviets Told", Miami News, November 5, 1962, p1
  15. "Space Chimp Enos Succumbs", Capital Times (Madison, WI) November 6, 1962, p1
  16. Edward C. Keefer, et al., Soviet-American Relations: The Detente Years, 1969-1972 (Government Printing Office, 2007) p538
  17. "Interact: building for the future", The Rotarian (April 1999) p41
  18. "Arctic Mine Blast Kills 10", Miami News, November 6, 1962, p1
  19. Bentley Historical Library. Accessed 18 May 2014
  20. "Apartheid", in Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: A to F Edmund Jan Osmańczyk and Anthony Mango, eds. (Taylor & Francis, 2003) p108
  21. Suzanne Miers, Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Pattern (Rowman Altamira, 2003) p349
  22. "Nixon Crushed In Demo Romp", Miami News, November 7, 1962, p1
  23. "Supreme Court Voids Curb on Election-Day Editorials", Chicago Tribune, May 24, 1966, p5
  24. Peter Geoffrey Hall, Great Planning Disasters (University of California Press, 1982) p115
  25. "BITTER NIXON BOWS OUT; DEMOCRATS HIKE CONTROL", Miami News, November 7, 1962, p1
  26. The Road to Democracy in South Africa: 1960-1970 (Zebra Press, 2004) p134
  27. W. Michael Reisman and James E. Baker, Regulating Covert Action: Practices, Contexts and Policies of Covert Coercion Abroad in International and American Law (Yale University Press, 1992) p105
  28. "Mrs. FDR Dies In New York", Miami News, November 8, 1962, p1
  29. "Glenn Hall's Streak To End on Saturday", Bridgeport Telegram, November 9, 1962, p36
  30. Faroes/DK Parties and elections in Europe
  31. Nicholas J. Baldwin, Executive Leadership and Legislative Assemblies (Routledge, 2006) p294
  32. "Death of Eleanor Roosevelt", in The Eleanor Roosevelt Encyclopedia by Maurine Hoffman Beasley, et al. (Greenwood Publishing, 2001) p122
  33. T. Raatan, Encyclopedia of North-East India (Isha Books, 2008) p25
  34. West German Government (10 November 1962), Certificate, awarding to Mom Luang Pin Malakul das Grosse Verdienstkreuz mit Stern und Schulterband, des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (in German).
  35. Belgian Government (10 November 1962), Certificate, awarding to Mom Luang Pin Malakul grand corden de l'Ordre de Léopold (in French).
  36. John F. Bauman, et al., The Ever-Changing American City: 1945-Present (Rowman & Littlefield, 2011) p64
  37. "Sergeant Eric Smith GM". Aeroplane. No. May 2011. Cudham: Kelsey Publishing. p. 33. ISSN 0143-7240.
  38. Federal Research Division, Kuwait A Country Study (Kessinger Publishing, 2004) pp106-108
  39. Susumu Tamai, et al., Experimental and Clinical Reconstructive Microsurgery (Springer, 2003) p209
  40. Thomas Fensch, ed., The Kennedy-Khrushchev Letters (New Century Books, 2002) pp378-379
  41. "Postal Chief Says Misprint Justified", Hayward (CA) Daily Review, November 14, 1962, p1
  42. "Post Office Halts Sale of Dag Stamps, Checks for More Goofs", Long Beach (CA) Press Telegram, November 13, 1962, p2
  43. "Poof! Goes Bonanza", Oakland Tribune, November 13, 1962, p3
  44. Robert Cabié, Church at Prayer: The Eucharist (Liturgical Press, 1986) p104
  45. "Pope Makes First Canon Change in 13 Centuries", San Antonio Express, November 14, 1962, p3-A
  46. Edmond J. Keller, Revolutionary Ethiopia: From Empire to People's Republic (Indiana University Press, 1991) p153
  47. Antonio Cassese, Self-Determination of Peoples: A Legal Reappraisal (Cambridge University Press, 1998) p222
  48. [archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/11/15/page/32/article/blast-mormon-temple-with-plastic-bomb|"Blast Mormon Temple with Plastic Bomb"], Chicago Daily Tribune, November 15, 1962]
  49. "Cassius Crown PrinceOf Boxing With Prophesied Kayo Of Archie", Miami News, November 16, 1962, p1C
  50. "Flames Eat Way Toward Explosives On Ship", Miami News, November 16, 1962, p1
  51. (in Danish) Cabinet of Jens Otto Krag I, The Prime Minister's Office
  52. Tom Ogden, Haunted Hollywood: Tinseltown Terrors, Filmdom Phantoms, and Movieland Mayhem (Globe Pequot, 2009) p204; "Filmland's 'Irene' Leaps to Death", Pasadena Independent, November 16, 1962, p6
  53. Vladislav Zubok, Zhivago's Children: The Last Russian Intelligentsia (Harvard University Press, 2009) pp199-202
  54. Hugh McLeave, Rogues in the Gallery: The Modern Plague of Art Thefts (C&M Online Media, 2003); "56 Stolen Paintings Recovered", Miami News, November 17, 1962, p1
  55. Kenneth Schramm, Detroit's Street Railways (Arcadia Publishing, 2006) p123
  56. Donald A. Torres, Handbook of Federal Police and Investigative Agencies (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1985) p133
  57. "U.S. Capital Opens Jet Age Airport", Oakland Tribune, November 18, 1962, p2
  58. Karen Farrington and Nick Constable, Mayday! Mayday!: The History of Sea Rescue Around Britain’s Coastal Waters (HarperCollins UK, 2011)
  59. "De Gaulle Wins 1st Round", Kingsport Times, November 19, 1962, p1
  60. Ashok Malhotra, Trishul: Ladakh And Kargil 1947–1993 (Lancer Publishers, 2003) p72
  61. "British Ship Rescues 13 Sailors", The Times (London), Tuesday, 20 November 1962
  62. S. Y. Braude, et al., A Brief History of Radio Astronomy in the USSR: A Collection of Scientific Essays (Springer, 2012) p211
  63. Gurdip Singh Kler, Unsung Battles of 1962 (Lancer Publishers, 1995) p374
  64. Bernard A. Cook, Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia (Volume 1) (Taylor & Francis, 2001) p592
  65. Horace Newcomb, Encyclopedia of Television (Volume 1) (CRC Press, 2004) p57
  66. Thomas G. Mitchell, Native Vs. Settler: Ethnic Conflict in Israel/Palestine, Northern Ireland, and South Africa (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000) p192; "Paarl Race Riots", Winnipeg Free Press, November 22, 1962, p1
  67. Aviation Safety Network
  68. "13 DEAD IN AIRLINER CRASH", Amarillo (TX) Globe Times, November 23, 1962, p1
  69. "2 Swans Collided With Jet Plane", Salisbury (MD) Times, December 1, 1962, p8
  70. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 419–420. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2
  71. "Frence Elections Victory For De Gaulle", Hamilton (OH) Daily News Journal, November 26, 1962, p1
  72. Philip K. Lawrence and David W. Thornton, Deep Stall: The Turbulent Story of Boeing Commercial Airplanes (Ashgate Publishing, 2005) p46
  73. "'Zip Code' to Shatter Postal Bottlenecks", Salt Lake Tribune, November 29, 1962, p5; James W. Cortada, The Digital Hand, Volume 3: How Computers Changed the Work of American Public Sector Industries (Oxford University Press, 2007) p168
  74. L. Douglas Keeney, 15 Minutes: General Curtis LeMay and the Countdown to Nuclear Annihilation (Macmillan, 2011)
  75. Tony Bramwell and Rosemary Kingsland, Magical Mystery Tours: My Life with the Beatles (Macmillan, 2006) p245
  76. Erik Conway, High-Speed Dreams: NASA and the Technopolitics of Supersonic Transportation, 1945–1999 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005) p66
  77. "Flight From Ship on Fiji Reef". The Times (55564). London. 3 December 1962. col F, p. 10.
  78. "Terrible, Say Crash Survivors", Miami News, December 1, 1962, p1
  79. Mark S. Milosch, Modernizing Bavaria: The Politics of Franz Josef Strauss and the CSU, 1949-1969 (Berghahn Books, 2006) p118
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