Paksat-1

Paksat-1,[2] (Other former designation as Palapa C1, HGS-3 and Anatolia 1), is a geosynchronous and communications satellite built and owned by the Boeing Company, leased to the SUPARCO as PakSat. It was successfully put on orbit on 31 January 1996 as "Palapa C1" for Indonesia as its original customer. But, after the technical problems, the satellite was leased to SUPARCO at an orbital location of 38° East Longitude on December 2001. The PakSat-1 offers the C and Ku band coverage in over 75 countries across Europe, Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia. Its customers included government organizations, TV broadcasters, telecom companies, data and broadband internet service providers.

PAKSAT
Mission typeGeosynchronous satellite
Communications Satellite
OperatorSATELINDO (1996-1998)
Insurers (1998-1999)
Hughes (1999-2000)
Boeing (2000—)

Leased to:
Kalitel (2000-2002)
SUPARCO (2002—)
COSPAR ID1996-006A
SATCAT no.23779
Spacecraft properties
BusHS-601
ManufacturerHughes
Launch mass3,000 kilograms (6,600 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date31 January 1996 (1996-01-31)
RocketAtlas IIAS
Launch siteCape Canaveral LC-36B
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeGeostationary
Perigee altitude35,493 kilometres (22,054 mi)
Apogee altitude36,083 kilometres (22,421 mi)
Inclination0.05 degrees
Period1,436.16 minutes
Epoch2 March 1996[1]
 

History

PAKSAT-1 was originally known as Palapa C1. It was launched by Hughes Space and Communications Company for Indonesia. Later Indonesia declared the satellite unusable after an electric power anomaly. The insurance claims were paid and the title was transferred to Hughes Space and Communications Company.[3] HGS-3 was then acquired by Pakistan from M/s Hughes Global Services on "Full Time Leasing " and relocated to Pakistan's reserved slot at 38 degrees east.

Pakistan's Government approved the acquisition on 3 July 2002[4] and the deal with Hughes Global Services was agreed on 6 August 2002.[5] The satellite started moving to its new slot on 5 December 2002[6] and it went through a name change from Anatolia-1 to PAKSAT-1 on 18 December 2002.[7]

After a series of orbital maneuvers, the Satellite was stabilized at its final location on December 20, 2002 with 0-degree inclination. The satellite is in position at the Pakistani-licensed orbital location, 38° east longitude.

Services

The services include satellite communications in both C band and Ku band to customers in Pakistan, Africa and the Middle East. Paksat-1's 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide total range of satellite communication capabilities.

Payload characteristics

PAKSAT-1's 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide the total range of satellite communications capabilities. The satellite is in a geostationary orbit at 38° East Longitude, and carries high power payloads in both bands.

Payload characteristics of PAKSAT-1 are as below:

C-Band Payload Characteristics
Number of transponders 24 in standard C-band
6 in extended C-band
Redundancy All redundancy available
Channel bandwidth 36 MHz
Uplink frequency band 5925 MHz – 6665 MHz
Downlink frequency band 3400 MHz – 4200 MHz
Beams Southern regions
Northern regions
Beam connectivity All transponders can be switched independently to downlink in the southern beam. Many transponders can downlink in the northern beam. All transponders can be switched independently to uplink from either beam
Polarization Linear crosspol
EIRP (at peak of beam) 38 dBW
G/T (at peak of beam) +2 dB/K
Ku band Payload Characteristics
Number of transponders 4
Redundancy All redundancy available
Channel bandwidth 72 MHz
Uplink frequency band 13754 MHz – 14486 MHz
Downlink frequency band 10954 MHz – 11686 MHz
Beams Southern regions, Northern regions
Beam connectivity All transponders can be switched independently to uplink or downlink in either beam
Polarization Linear colpol
EIRP (at peak of beam) 52 dBW
G/T (at peak of beam) +5 dB/K

Applications
  • Internet backbone extension
  • Point-to-point data services
  • Remote Internet access
  • Broadcast services (video and data)
  • Business VSAT networks
  • Direct-to-home
  • Thin route telephony support
  • Shipboard communications

Channels

Paksat footprints

Paksat-1 has two beams each in both C and Ku bands i.e., C1, C2 and K1, K2, respectively. In C-band, C1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly African Continent and Middle East. The C2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East, African Continent, Central Asian States and Southern Europe. In Ku band, K1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly Middle East and Eastern Africa. K2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East and Central Asian States.

C1 - Southern Beam EIRP ContoursC1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours
C2 - Northern Beam EIRP ContoursC2 - Northern Beam G/T Contours
K1 - Southern Beam EIRP ContoursK1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours
K2- Northern Beam EIRP ContoursK2- Northern Beam G/T Contours

Future projects

Telesat, one of the world's leading satellite operators, announced on March 13, 2007 that it had signed a consulting contract with the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), Pakistan's national space agency. Under the agreement, Telesat will assist SUPARCO in the procurement and launch of the PAKSAT-1R satellite, which will replace the existing Paksat-1 in 2010.[8]

References
  1. McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
  2. Suddle, D.Sc., Mohmmad Riaz (19 December 2009). "Pakistan's Space Programme". SUPARCO Media Research Directorate. Dr. Mohmmad Riaz Suddle, Director of the Paksat-IR programme and current executive member of the Suparco's plan and research division. Archived from the original on 10 January 2011. Retrieved August 11, 2011.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  3. Palapa-C 1, 2 / HGS 3 / Anatolia 1 / Paksat 1
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-05-19. Retrieved 2013-06-23.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. Paksat 1R
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