Peine

Peine
Peine
	Market square
	Coat of arms
	Location of Peine within Peine district
	Peine Peine
	Coordinates: 52°19′13″N 10°14′01″E
Country	Germany
State	Lower Saxony
District	Peine
Government
• Mayor	Michael Kessler (SPD)
Area
• Total	119.51 km2 (46.14 sq mi)
Elevation	68 m (223 ft)
Population (2019-12-31)[1]
• Total	49,990
• Density	420/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	31224–31228
Dialling codes	05171
Vehicle registration	PE
Website	www.peine.de

Peine (German: [ˈpaɪ̯nə] (listen)) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, capital of the district Peine. It is situated on the river Fuhse and the Mittellandkanal, approximately 25 km west of Braunschweig, and 40 km east of Hanover.

History

A deed from 1130 mentions Berthold von Pagin, ministerialis of Lothair III, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, who gave his name to the town in the form of Peine. The castle, Burg Peine, no longer existing today, dated to this era or before.

The 1201 Hildesheim Chronicle describes a feud between the bishop Hartbert von Hildesheim and the brothers Ekbert and Gunzelin von Wolfenbüttel. Earl Gunzelin von Wolfenbüttel was the commander-in-chief of the German army and seneschal in attendance of Otto IV, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Gunzelin prevailed and won control of Burg Peine and the surrounding area. South of the castle, Gunzelin founded the town of Peine in 1218 or 1220. In 1223, the settlement gained town privileges. Gunzelin's coat of arms has been the town's symbol ever since.

In 1256, Peine was conquered by Duke Albrecht of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, and after Gunzelin's death in 1260, his sons (see: House of Asseburg) lost the fief of Peine to the bishop of Hildesheim. Otto I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, bishop of Hildesheim, 1260–1279, gave Earl Wedekind von Poppenburg the castle, town and county of Peine as a fief. Otto later incorporated Peine as a market town.

Also in 1260, Peine earned the right to mint and issue coins and was, with a few interruptions, a mint for the Bishopric of Hildesheim until 1428. In 1954 and 1956, two of the largest German medieval treasures of silver (95 pieces of round bullion, weighing 7.5 kg, dating from the 14th century) were found under the streets Stederdorfer Straße and Horstweg.

Notable natives

Friedrich von Bodenstedt (1819–1892), author
Friedrich “Fritz” Hartjenstein, SS-Obersturmbannführer, commandant in the concentration camps Auschwitz-Birkenau and Natzweiler-Struthof (1905–1954)
Hans-Hermann Hoppe (born 1949)
Caren Miosga, German journalist and television presenter Tagesthemen (born 1969)
Rudolf Otto, Protestant theologian and scholar of comparative religion (1869–1937)
Solomon Perel, Israeli author (born 1925)
Herma Auguste Wittstock (born 1977)

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Peine is twinned with:[2]

Heywood, England, since 1967
Aschersleben, Germany, since 1990
Tripoli, Greece, since 2000

Pictures of Peine

Former City Hall from 1827 on the market square
The Burgpark
Jakobi-Kirche
Töpfers Mühle
Steel Factory
Water Tower in southern Peine
Railway station

References

Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen, LSN-Online Regionaldatenbank, Tabelle 12411: Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes, Stand 31. Dezember 2019.
"Peines Partnerstädte". peine01.de (in German). Peine. Retrieved 2019-11-26.

External links

Media related to Peine at Wikimedia Commons

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen, LSN-Online Regionaldatenbank, Tabelle 12411: Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes, Stand 31. Dezember 2019.

[2] "Peines Partnerstädte". peine01.de (in German). Peine. Retrieved 2019-11-26.