Penguin Bank

Penguin Bank is the name given to a now-submerged shield volcano of the Hawaiian Islands. Its coral-capped remains lie immediately west of the island of Molokaʻi, under relatively shallow water (see bathymetric map at the right).

Bathymetry image of the Hawaiian Islands. The location of this volcano is the light red area immediately west of Moloka'i.

Geology

The Penguin Bank volcano is part of the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain. It was one of the seven principal Cenozoic Era volcanoes that formerly constituted the prehistoric island of Maui Nui, along with West Molokaʻi, East Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, West Maui, East Maui, and Kahoʻolawe. The date of the last eruption is unknown.

Boundary area

Penguin Bank is about 20 miles (32 km) long and 10 miles (16 km) wide and less than 200 feet (61 m) deep.[1] The site coordinates are: NW (21°03′N 157°42′W); NE (21°12′N 157°24′W); SW (20°54′N 157°36′W); and SE (21°03′N 157°21′W).[2]

Conservation

Plans to build wind turbines on Penguin Bank were called off in April 2009, because the site is located in the heart of the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, requiring a lease from the then-active Minerals Management Service (MMS). However, the MMS would not issue leases within marine sanctuaries, effectively killing the project.[3]

References
  1. "Project Site: Penguin Bank, Hawaii". Grays Harbor Ocean Energy Company. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
  2. "Gridded bathymetry of Penguin Bank, Hawaii, USA". University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
  3. Perez, Rob (21 April 2009). "Penguin Bank project called off". The Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved 17 July 2019.


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