Penicillium solitum

Penicillium solitum is an anamorph, mesophilic, salinity-tolerant, psychrotolerant species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which produces polygalacturonase, compactin, cyclopenin, cyclopenol, cyclopeptin, dehydrocompactin, dihydrocyclopeptin, palitantin, solistatin, solistatinol, viridicatin, viridicatol.[1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] This species was isolated from air dried lamb thighs, on Faore Island.[8] Penicillium solitum and Eurotium rubrum are the species which are found during the production of traditional produced Tyrolean smoked and cured ham.[10] Penicillium solitum is a pathogen of pomaceous fruit.[11]

Penicillium solitum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Eurotiomycetes
Order:	Eurotiales
Family:	Trichocomaceae
Genus:	Penicillium
Species:	P. solitum
Binomial name
Penicillium solitum Westling, R. 1911[1]
Type strain
ATCC 9923, Biourge 3, CBS 288.36, CBS 424.89, CCT 4377, FRR 0937, IBT 3948, IFO 7765, IMI 039810, IMI 092225, LSHB P52, MUCL 28668, MUCL 29173, NBRC 7765, NCTC 3029, NRRL 937, Thom 2546, Thom 4733.114, Thom, 2546, VKM F-3087[2]
Synonyms
Penicillium majusculum, Penicillium casei var. compactum, Penicillium mali, Penicillium verrucosum var. melanochlorum[1]

References

1. MycoBank
2. Straininfo of Penicillium solitum
3. Sorensen, D; Ostenfeldlarsen, T; Christophersen, C; Nielsen, P; Anthoni, U (1999). "Solistatin, an aromatic compactin analogue from Penicillium solitum". Phytochemistry. 51 (8): 1027. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00015-1.
4. Larsen, Thomas Ostenfeld; Lange, Lene; Schnorr, Kirk; Stender, Steen; Frisvad, Jens Christian (2007). "Solistatinol, a novel phenolic compactin analogue from Penicillium solitum". Tetrahedron Letters. 48 (7): 1261. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.038.
5. UniProt
6. ATCC
7. Gonçalves, Vívian N.; Campos, Lúcia S.; Melo, Itamar S.; Pellizari, Vivian H.; Rosa, Carlos A.; Rosa, Luiz H. (2013). "Penicillium solitum: A mesophilic, psychrotolerant fungus present in marine sediments from Antarctica". Polar Biology. 36 (12): 1823. doi:10.1007/s00300-013-1403-8.
8. Jurick Wm, 2nd; Vico, I; Gaskins, V. L.; Whitaker, B. D.; Garrett, W. M.; Janisiewicz, W. J.; Conway, W. S. (2012). "Penicillium solitum produces a polygalacturonase isozyme in decayed Anjou pear fruit capable of macerating host tissue in vitro". Mycologia. 104 (3): 604–12. doi:10.3852/11-119. PMID 22241612.
9. Carl A. Batt (2014). Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology. Academic Press. ISBN 0123847338.
10. Y. H. Hui; Lisbeth Meunier-Goddik; Jytte Josephsen; Wai-Kit Nip; Peggy S. Stanfield (2004). Handbook of Food and Beverage Fermentation Technology. SCRC Press. ISBN 0203913558.
11. Clive de W Blackburn (2006). Food Spoilage Microorganisms. Woodhead Publishing. ISBN 1845691415.

Further reading

• Gonçalves, Vívian N.; Campos, Lúcia S.; Melo, Itamar S.; Pellizari, Vivian H.; Rosa, Carlos A.; Rosa, Luiz H. (2013). "Penicillium solitum: A mesophilic, psychrotolerant fungus present in marine sediments from Antarctica". Polar Biology. 36 (12): 1823. doi:10.1007/s00300-013-1403-8.
• Eldarov, Michael A.; Mardanov, Andrey V.; Beletsky, Alexey V.; Dzhavakhiya, Vakhtang V.; Ravin, Nikolai V.; Skryabin, Konstantin G. (2012). "Complete mitochondrial genome of compactin-producing fungus Penicillium solitum and comparative analysis of Trichocomaceae mitochondrial genomes". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 329 (1): 9–17. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02497.x. PMID 22239643.
• Pitt, J. I. (1991). "Penicillium solitum Revived, and its Role as a Pathogen of Pomaceous Fruit". Phytopathology. 81 (10): 1108. doi:10.1094/Phyto-81-1108.
• Chinaglia, Selene; Chiarelli, Laurent R.; Maggi, Maristella; Rodolfi, Marinella; Valentini, Giovanna; Picco, Anna Maria (2014). "Biochemistry of lipolytic enzymes secreted by Penicillium solitumand Cladosporium cladosporioides". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 78 (2): 245. doi:10.1080/09168451.2014.882752.
• Stierle, Donald B.; Stierle, Andrea A.; Girtsman, Teri; McIntyre, Kyle; Nichols, Jesse (2012). "Caspase-1 and -3 Inhibiting Drimane Sesquiterpenoids from the Extremophilic Fungus Penicillium solitum". Journal of Natural Products. 75 (2): 262. doi:10.1021/np200528n. PMC 3330828. PMID 22276851.
• Sorensen, D; Ostenfeldlarsen, T; Christophersen, C; Nielsen, P; Anthoni, U (1999). "Solistatin, an aromatic compactin analogue from Penicillium solitum". Phytochemistry. 51 (8): 1027. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00015-1.
• Romanovskaya, I. I.; Bondarenko, G. I.; Davidenko, T. I. (2008). "Immobilization of Penicillium solitum lipase on the carbon fiber material "Dnepr-MN"". Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal. 42 (6): 360. doi:10.1007/s11094-008-0127-5.
• Yan, Mengxia; Mao, Wenjun; Chen, Chenglong; Kong, Xianglan; Gu, Qianqun; Li, Na; Liu, Xue; Wang, Baofeng; Wang, Shuyao; Xiao, Bo (2014). "Structural elucidation of the exopolysaccharide produced by the mangrove fungus Penicillium solitum". Carbohydrate Polymers. 111: 485–91. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.013. PMID 25037379.
• Jurick, W. M.; Vico, I; McEvoy, J. L.; Whitaker, B. D.; Janisiewicz, W; Conway, W. S. (2009). "Isolation, purification, and characterization of a polygalacturonase produced in Penicillium solitum-decayed 'Golden Delicious' apple fruit". Phytopathology. 99 (6): 636–41. doi:10.1094/PHYTO-99-6-0636. PMID 19453221.
• John I. Pitt; A.D. Hocking (2012). Fungi and Food Spoilage. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 1461563917.
• Atta-ur- Rahman (2013). Studies in Natural Products Chemistry volume 39. Newnes. ISBN 0444626093.