People's Police of the People's Republic of China

In China, the term People's Police of the People's Republic of China refers to the entire police system of the People's Republic of China, with the exception of the People's Armed Police.[1]:120

People's Police of the People's Republic of China
Badge of the People's Police
Flag of the People's Police
Motto为人民服务
(Serve the people)
Agency overview
Formed1949 October 19
Employees1.8 - 1.9 million
Jurisdictional structure
Legal jurisdiction People's Republic of China
Governing bodyGovernment of the People's Republic of China
Constituting instrument
  • People's Police Law
General nature
Operational structure
Overviewed byNational Supervisory Commission
Official responsible
Agency executives
Child agencies
Notables
Anniversary
  • January 10（People's Police Day）
Website
www.cpd.com.cn
China
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According to the 1995 Chinese Police Law, the People's Police comprises four components:[1][2]

Public Security Police

The Public Security Police forces comprise the grand majority of police in China and fall under the authority of the Ministry of Public Security.[3] Departments include:

  • Criminal Investigations (5th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security).
  • Economic Crimes (2nd Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security).
  • Political Security Police : responsible for maintaining social and political stability, upholding the political principles established by the Constitution, and handling cases that undermine national and cultural unity (1st Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, with some tasks falling under the 4th Bureau, specifically those having to do with investigating religions and cults)
  • Public Order: Responsible for preventing, detecting and stopping illegal crimes and violent behavior, handling mass incidents such as assemblies, demonstrations and maintaining order in public places, managing special industries and dangerous goods, and handling public security administrative law enforcement cases (3rd Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Railway Police (10th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Food and Forestry Police: responsible for issues of food, the ecological environment, forest and grassland, and biological safety cases (7th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Anti-Narcotics Force (21st Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Special Service Police: responsible for the security tasks of Comminist Party and State leaders, major provincial leaders and important visiting foreign guests (8th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Public Information Networks Security Police: responsible for monitoring the contents of public Internet websites, e-mails, chat messages and visit records (11th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • 13th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security: responsible for the management of those prisons and detention centers that fall under the Ministry of Public Security (note that the majority of prisons instead fall under the Ministry of Justice, which has its own, different, Prison Police)
  • Traffic Police (17th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Foreign Affairs Police: responsible for the security of foreign embassies in China and for liaison work in Chinese embassies and consulates abroad (19th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Household Registration Police
  • Patrol Police
  • Port Police
  • Immigration Police
  • Customs Anti-Smuggling Police: responsible for handling customs smuggling cases, in collaboration with the Anti-Smuggling Bureau of the General Administration of Customs (14th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)
  • Civil Aviation Police : Responsible for handling administrative law enforcement cases in the air and at airports, maintaining civil aviation flight safety and handling hijacking and other sudden air security situations, in collaboration with the Civil Aviation Administration of China (15th Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security)

State Security Police

Refers to those police forces controlled by the Ministry of State Security. They generally perform "secret police" duties and help maintain the power of the Communist Party. Note that despite having police and military officers serving in it, the Ministry of State Security is a civilian agency.

Prison Police

These police forces perform prison guard duties and assist in prison administration. They are similar to correctional officers in other countries.

Judicial Police

These police forces work under People's Courts and People's Procuratorates across China. They maintain order and security in courthouses and assist judges and prosecutors in judicial investigations.

See also

References
  1. Sun, Ivan Y.; Wu, Yuning (December 2009). "The Role of the People's Armed Police in Chinese Policing". Asian Journal of Criminology. 4 (2): 107–128. doi:10.1007/s11417-008-9059-y. ISSN 1871-0131.
  2. "Structure of the public security police". Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 10 October 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  3. At a glance! 60 reform plans for the party, government, army, region and group, News.163.com, March 21, 2018


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