Phileosimias

Phileosimias is an extinct genus of primates with two species, P. kamli and P. bahuiorum, that are believed to be amongst the earliest simians.

Phileosimias
Temporal range: 45–40 Ma
↓
Middle Eocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: †Eosimiidae
Genus: †Phileosimias
Marivaux et al., 2005
Species
  • Phileosimias kamali
  • Phileosimias brahuiorum

Marivaux et al. announced in 2005 their discovery of fossils of two new species, Phileosimias kamali and Phileosimias brahuiorum, found in the Bugti Hills of Pakistan. They concluded that Phileosimias are almost certainly early simians. However, they felt the fossil evidence (primarily dental specimens) was insufficient to categorise them as Eosimiidae (along with other early simians) or whether they were sufficiently different to be placed into a separate group. The shapes of their molars and premolars differ from species already classified as Eosimidae.[1]

The two species are Phileosimias brahuiorum and Phileosimias kamali, which is slightly larger, but both are estimated to have weighed about 250 grams. They were extant during the Early Oligocene epoch.[2]

Simians/ (52)
Eosimiidae s.s. (50)
(45)
 

Eosimias (†40 Mya)

 
 

Phenacopithecus (†42)

 
 
(45)
 

Bahinia (†32)

 
 

Nosmips aenigmaticus (†37)

 
 
 
 
 
 

Phileosimias brahuiorum (†46)

 
 

Phileosimias kamali (†46)

 
 
(48)

More advanced Simians

 
 
Eosimiidae

References
  1. Marivaux; et al. (June 2005). "Anthropoid primates from the Oligocene of Pakistan (Bugti Hills): Data on early anthropoid evolution and biogeography". PNAS. 102 (24): 8436–41. doi:10.1073/pnas.0503469102. PMC 1150860. PMID 15937103. (Full text PDF)
  2. Tuttle, Russell H. (17-Feb-2014). Apes and Human Evolution, Harvard. ISBN 0674073169.
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