Pleurozia

Pleurozia is the only genus of liverworts in the family Pleuroziaceae, which is now classified in its own order Pleuroziales, but was previously included in a broader circumscription of the Jungermanniales.[3] The genus includes twelve species,[4][5] and as a whole is both physically distinctive and widely distributed.[6]

Pleurozia
Pleurozia purpurea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Marchantiophyta
Class: Jungermanniopsida
Order: Pleuroziales
Schljakov
Family: Pleuroziaceae
(Schiffn.) Müll.[1]
Genus: Pleurozia
Dumort.[2]
Synonyms
  • Eopleurozia Schust.
  • Physiotium Nees

The lower leaf lobes of Pleurozia species are fused, forming a closed water sac covered by a movable lid similar in structure to those of the angiosperm genus Utricularia. These sacs were assumed to play a role in water storage, but a 2005 study on Pleurozia purpurea found that the sacs attract and trap ciliates, much in the same way as Utricularia. Observations of plants in situ also revealed a large number of trapped prey within the sacs, suggesting that the species in this genus obtain some benefit from a carnivorous habit. After Colura, this was the second report of zoophagy among the liverworts.[7]

Taxonomy

The genus Pleurozia has been subdivided into three subenera:

  • Pleurozia subg. Pleurozia
    • Pleurozia gigantea (Weber) Lindberg
  • Pleurozia subg. Constantifolia Thiers
    • Pleurozia purpurea Lindberg
    • Pleurozia conchifolia (Hooker & Arnott) Austin
  • Pleurozia subg. Diversifolia Thiers
    • Pleurozia acinosa (Mitten) Trevisan
    • Pleurozia articulata (Lindberg) Lindberg & Lackström
    • Pleurozia caledonica (Gottsche ex Jack) Stephani
    • Pleurozia curiosa Thiers
    • Pleurozia heterophylla Stephani ex Fulford
    • Pleurozia johannis-winkleri Herzog
    • Pleurozia paradoxa (Jack) Schiffner
    • Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin
  • Unplaced
    • Pleurozia pocsii Müller

References
  1. Müller, K. (1909). Die Lebermoose Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz, mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen Länder Europas. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora. Leipzig.
  2. Dumortier, B. C. (1835). Recueil d'observations sur les Jungermanniacées. fasc. 1. Tournay. pp. 1–27.
  3. Schuster, Rudolf M. (1966). The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America. I. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 381–384.
  4. Thiers, Barbara M. (1993). "A Monograph of Pleurozia (Hepaticae; Pleuroziaceae)". The Bryologist. 96 (4): 517–554. doi:10.2307/3243984.
  5. Söderström, Lars; Hagborg, Anders; Konrat, Matt von; Bartholomew-Began, Sharon; Bell, David; Briscoe, Laura; Brown, Elizabeth; Cargill, D. Christine; Costa, Denise Pinheiro da; Crandall-Stotler, Barbara J.; Cooper, Endymion; Dauphin, Gregorio; Engel, John; Feldberg, Kathrin; Glenny, David; Gradstein, S. Robbert; He, Xiaolan; Heinrichs, Jochen; Hentschel, Joern; Ilkiu-Borges, Anna Luiza; Katagiri, Tomoyuki; Konstantinova, Nadezhda A.; Larraín, Juan; Long, David; Nebel, Martin; Pócs, Tamás; Puche, Felisa; Reiner-Drehwald, Elena; Renner, Matt; Sass-Gyarmati, Andrea; Schäfer-Verwimp, Alfons; Segarra-Moragues, José; Stotler, Raymond E.; Sukkharak, Phiangphak; Thiers, Barbara; Uribe, Jaime; Váňa, Jiří; Villarreal, Juan; Wigginton, Martin; Zhang, Li; Zhu, Rui-Liang (29 January 2016). "World checklist of hornworts and liverworts". PhytoKeys. 59: 1–828. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261. ISSN 1314-2003.
  6. Jones, E. W. (2004). Liverwort and Hornwort Flora of West Africa. Scripta Botanica Belgica. 30. Meise: National Botanic Garden (Belgium). pp. 197–198. ISBN 90-72619-61-7.
  7. Hess, Sebastian; Frahm, Jan-Peter; Theisen, Inge (2005). "Evidence of zoophagy in a second liverwort species, Pleurozia purpurea". The Bryologist. 108 (2): 212–218. doi:10.1639/6.
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