Plochingen

Plochingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

Plochingen
Hundertwasser house
Coat of arms
Location of Plochingen within Esslingen district
AltdorfBeurenDenkendorfHochdorfKohlbergKohlbergOwen
Plochingen
Plochingen
Coordinates: 48°42′42″N 9°24′59″E
CountryGermany
StateBaden-Württemberg
Admin. regionStuttgart
DistrictEsslingen
Government
 • MayorFrank Buß
Area
 • Total10.65 km2 (4.11 sq mi)
Elevation
276 m (906 ft)
Population
 (2019-12-31)[1]
 • Total14,551
 • Density1,400/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
73201–73207
Dialling codes07153
Vehicle registrationES
Websitewww.plochingen.de

Geography

Geographical location

Plochingen is about nine kilometres east-southeast of the district town Esslingen am Neckar and in the same direction about 19 kilometres from the state capital Stuttgart. The town is situated on the right banks of the Fils and the outflowing Neckar. In the area of the town, three Natural areas collide, the Foreland of the central Swabian Alb in the southeast, the subspace Schurwald of the natural area Schurwald and Welzheimer Wald in the northeast, and the subspace Nürtinger-Esslinger Neckartal, which is part of the Filder, along the larger of the two rivers in the west. The lowest point in the city area is in the very west at the outflow of the Neckar at 247 metres above sea level, the highest point is in the very north at the White Stone on the Schurwaldkamm at about 448 metres above sea level, from which forest areas cover a large part of the city area.

Neighboring villages/towns

Neighbouring towns are in turn the community Altbach in the west, the district town Esslingen am Neckar in the northwest, the community Baltmannsweiler in the northeast and the community Reichenbach an der Fils in the east, in the southeast briefly the municipality Hochdorf, in the south the town Wernau (Neckar), in the southwest the municipality Deizisau, all of which also belong to the district of Esslingen.

Urban planning

Plochingen includes the town of Plochingen and the district of Stumpenhof to the north-east of the town.[2]

Land usage

According to data from the Statistical State Office Baden-Württemberg, status 2014.[3]

History
Old town hall

Ancient

Due to its convenient location at the mouth of the Fils into the Neckar, people have been living in the area since the earliest times, which is attested by finds from the Stone Age. Finds of weapons and grave goods from the Bronze Age give evidence of a settlement belonging to the Urnfield culture. Also from the Hallstatt period grave mounds indicate that there might have been a continuous Celtic settlement up to the Roman period. In classical antiquity the Romans and in the early Middle Ages the Alamanni settled in the area.[4]

From the middle ages to the 19th century

In the High Middle Ages, Plochingen was situated in the territory of the Herzogtum Schwaben and formed part of the Neckargau. The place was first mentioned in 1146 as Blochingen in a document of the king Conrad III of Hohenstaufen. There were two castles in Plochingen, but nothing remains of them.[5] From the 12th to the 14th century the seat of a noble family can be proven for Plochingen.[6] In 1331, the lord of the castle Johann von Plochingen sold some property in Plochingen to the hospital in Esslingen. The Württemberg part of Plochingen, originally with the bailiwick of Nellingen, was already subordinated to the office in Stuttgart at the beginning of the 15th century. Since the 12th century Plochingen had had a market for building materials, salt and agricultural goods, including in particular wine, grain, fishing and livestock.[6] In 1536 Duke Ulrich von Württemberg pushed through the Reformation.[7] In 1545 the first bridge over the Neckar was built, replacing a medieval footbridge. In addition, a bridge over the Fils was built, so that bridge tolls could be charged for it. After the Battle of Nördlingen lost for Württemberg, Plochingen's convenient location had a negative effect on the traffic situation during the Thirty Years' War, as imperial troops plundered the town as early as 1634 and many houses burned down. The population of about 1300 people before the war sank to about 500 inhabitants after the war. In 1698 Plochingen became a post station on the imperial postal line between Antwerp and Venice, operated by the House of Thurn- und Taxis. In 1778 the Hofwerkmeister Johann Christian Adam Etzel (1743-1801; uncle of Gottlieb Christian Eberhard von Etzel) built the covered wooden bridge with a self-supporting span of 70 metres without intermediate pillars across the Neckar, which then became famous in Europe,[8] 1905 it was replaced by the extension of the railway station completely intact. In 1808, the municipality moved from the Amtsoberamt Stuttgart to the newly established Oberamt Esslingen in implementing the new administrative division of Württemberg in the Kingdom of Württemberg. In 1846, the construction of the Filstalbahn as far as Plochingen led to the connection to the emerging network of the Württembergische Staatsbahnen, only one year after a train had run for the first time in Württemberg on the line between Cannstatt and Untertürkheim. In 1888 the Schwäbische Albverein was founded in the Waldhorn Restaurant.

20th century

In 1905 the wooden bridge from 1778 was replaced by an iron bridge over the Neckar. On 1 June 1913 a tornado destroyed numerous buildings in Plochingen.[9] During the district reform during NS period in Württemberg Plochingen came to the district of Esslingen in 1938. After the Second World War, the community fell into the American occupation zone and was located in the state Württemberg-Baden from 1945 to 1952. On April 13, 1948, the municipality of Plochingen was elevated to the status of a town, which became part of the new federal state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. On 12 July 1968 the Neckarhafen Plochingen was inaugurated. Since the beginning of the S-Bahn operation in the Stuttgart area on October 1, 1978, the vehicles have been technically maintained and cleaned in the Bahnbetriebswerk Plochingen.

In 1998, Plochingen hosted the Landesgartenschau Baden-Württemberg.

Religion

Since the Reformation Plochingen has been evangelical shaped. There is also a Roman Catholic church. In recent years, an Evangelical Methodist and a New Apostolic Church have also been established.

  • The Old City Hall
  • View of the Stumpenhof district
  • The protestant city church at night
  • Paul-Gerhardt-Church, Stumpenhof district

Population development

The population figures are estimates, or official updates of the Statistical Office.

Day Population
16181,320
1635250
1. December 18711,881
1. December 19002,413
17. May 19395,446
13. September 19508,148
6. July 196111,358
27. May 197012,953
25. May 198712,140
31. December 199513,085
31. December 200014,191
31. December 200514,319
31. December 201014,209
31. December 201513,997
31. December 201614,086
31. December 201714,213
31. December 201814,433

Politics

Administrative Association

Plochingen forms with Altbach and Deizisau the Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Plochingen. Frank Buß, the mayor of the city of Plochingen, is the chairman of the administrative association.[10]

The town of Plochingen also runs its own businesses. These are the Stadtwerke (Public utilities), the Eigenbetrieb Abwasserbeseitigung (Own operation sewage disposal) and the Eigenbetrieb Wohnen (Owner-occupied living).[11]

Mayors
  • 1946–1947: Gerhard Kühlkopf
  • 1947–1951: August Schöck
  • 1951–1969: Emil Hartung
  • 1969–2008: Eugen Beck
  • seit 2008: Frank Buß (* 1964)[12]

City council

The municipal council in Plochingen has 22 members. The local elections in Baden-Württemberg 2019 led to the following official final result.[13] The local council consists of the elected honorary local councillors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Parties and electoral communities %
2019		 Seats
2019		 %
2014		 Seats
2014
CDU-WG Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands–Wahlgemeinschaft 31,64 7 30,75 7
SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands 26,79 6 29,78 7
OGL Offene Grüne Liste Plochingen e.V. 22,39 5 19,06 4
ULP Unabhängige Liste Plochingen 19,19 4 0 --
FW Freie Wähler Plochingen e.V. 0 -- 20,41 4
gesamt 100,0 22 100,0 22
Wahlbeteiligung 55,64 % 47,01 %

Crest

The city coat of arms is five times diagonally left divided by blue and gold. The city colours are blue and yellow.

Sister cities

Sister Citys of Plochingen are

Economy and infrastructure
  • Neckar harbour with the settlement of around 20 companies and an annual turnover of around 1,400,000 tonnes.
  • For some years now, wine has been grown again in Plochingen. The Plochingen sites belong to the large Weinsteige site in the Remstal-Stuttgart area.

Traffic
Plochingen railway station

The city can be reached by car via Bundesstraße 10 from Stuttgart in about 25 minutes. At the Plochinger Dreieck the B 313 branches off, direction Tübingen and Stockach from the B 10 In addition to this motorway-like structure, two further road bridges and a pedestrian bridge span the Neckar near Plochingen.

The Plochingen station is a traffic junction of the Deutsche Bahn at the Neckar-Alb-Bahn (Stuttgart-Tübingen-Horb am Neckar) and the Filstalbahn (Stuttgart-Ulm-Munich). It is served by long-distance trains, regional trains and the S1 line of the S-Bahn Stuttgart. The maintenance of the railcars of the S-Bahn Stuttgart takes place in the Depot Plochingen.

Pedestrian bridge over the Neckar to the residential and recreation area Bruckenwasen (the site of the State Garden Show 1998)
Neckar-Harbour

The Neckar harbour (dt. Neckarhafen) in Plochingen has been the end point of the navigable Neckar since 12 July 1968. It was designed as a port for commercial inland navigation exclusively for the pure transport of goods without passenger shipping. The port area extends along two harbour basins. Responsible for the conception, realisation and development was from 1954 to 1992 harbour director Heinz Kreeb. Since 1992, Eberhard Weiß has been entrusted with the management of the port. Nearly 20 companies with an investment volume of around EUR 100,000,000 have settled in the Neckar harbour. The main transhipment goods are iron/steel products/scrap, animal feed/grain, mineral oil and wood. The goods handling per year amounts to more than 1,300,000 tons.

Resident companies
The industrial park Fabrikstraße with the Robert Bosch GmbH and CeramTec GmbH, in the background the railway depot Plochingen

Educational institutions

Plochingen has a Gymnasium (Gymnasium Plochingen), a Realschule, a Grundschule and Werkrealschule, a Special school and a pure primary school. There are also nine kindergartens in the city. Furthermore, Plochingen is home to a GARP education centre for the IHK Region Stuttgart e.V.

Culture and sights
The Hundertwasser-House

Plochingen is lays on the Württemberger Weinstraße with many sights.

Buildings
  • The market place with half-timbered houses, including the Old Town Hall (1530)
  • The gothic Church St. Blasius (1488)
  • The Ottilien Chapel (1328)
  • The Gablenberg House (1799)
  • The Hundertwasserhaus "Living under the Rain Tower" (1991-1994)
  • The present town hall (1900) with the municipal gallery
  • The Catholic Church St. Konrad (1929)
  • The Vineyard Tower
  • The Outlookout Tower at Stumpenhof
  • The public toilet house designed by Tomi Ungerer "Les Toilettes"' (2007) next to the Ottilienkapelle

Free time

The Park railway in the Neckarauen is a 1.5-kilometre-long park railway that is operated every weekend from Easter Monday to October.

Plochingen on Neckar River

Notable people from Plochingen
  • Christian Friedrich Löw (1778–1843), Schultheiß in Beuren, Member of Landtag
  • Ferdinand Huttenlocher (1856–1925), Sculptor and painter
  • Heinz Mauser (1919–1995), chemist and professor
  • Gotthilf Fischer (1928–2020), choral conductor known for founding the Fischer-Chöre
  • Werner Niefer (1928–1993), manager in car industry Mercedes-Benz
  • Gerhard Mahler (1930–1996), entrepreneur and politician (CDU), former Member of Landtag
  • Egon Eigenthaler (de) (born 1938), advertising graphic designer, politician (Republikaner), Member of Landtag
  • Siegfried K. Wiedmann (born 1938), electrical engineer
  • Herbert Henzler (born 1941), former manager of McKinsey (1985–1999)
  • Thomas Franz (born 1953), major general of German Luftwaffe
  • Jürgen Resch (born 1960), business executive of Deutschen Umwelthilfe

References
  1. "Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht am 31. Dezember 2019". Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg (in German). September 2020.
  2. Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Amtliche Beschreibung nach Kreisen und Gemeinden. Band III: Regierungsbezirk Stuttgart, Regionalverband Mittlerer Neckar. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2, S. 236–237.
  3. Statistisches Landesamt, Fläche seit 1988 nach tatsächlicher Nutzung für Plochingen.
  4. Leo BW Plochingen Altgemeinde - Ortslage und Siedlung
  5. Burgen und Schlösser des Landkreises Esslingen at the Wayback Machine (archived 2008-04-24)
  6. Max Miller, Gerhard Taddey (Hrsg.): Handbuch der historischen Stätten Deutschlands. Band 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröners Taschenausgabe. Band 276). 2., verbesserte und erweiterte Auflage. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X, S. 634.
  7. Leo BW Plochingen Altgemeinde – Kirche und Religion
  8. Abbildung von 1905 einsehbar auf
  9. Stadt Plochingen – Aus der Geschichte Archived 2013-05-18 at the Wayback Machine. Abgerufen am 15. Januar 2013.
  10. https://www.plochingen.de/-/behoerdenwegweiser/gemeindeverwaltungsverband---plochingen-altbach-deizisau-stadt-plochingen/oe6010204
  11. https://www.plochingen.de/start/verwalten+_+gestalten/eigenbetriebe+der+stadt+plochingen.html
  12. https://www.staatsanzeiger.de/staatsanzeiger/wahlen/buergermeisterwahlen/plochingen/
  13. Election information of the municipal computer centre
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