Political Security Directorate

Political Security Directorate (PSD, Arabic: إدارة الأمن السياسي‎, Idarat al-Amn al-Siyasi) is an intelligence service of the Syrian government. It is divided into an Internal Security Department and an External Security Department.[1] It is active against the Syrian opposition.[2] The PSD runs the detention centres of the Syrian regime.[3] It monitors political dissent and all media outlets,[1] as well as registered parties.[4]

Political Security Directorate
إدارة الأمن السياسي
Idarat al-Amn al-Siyasi
Agency overview
JurisdictionGovernment of Syria
HeadquartersDamascus, Syria
Agency executive
  • Director

Heads of Political Security Directorate
  • Head of Investigative branch: Brig. Gen. Makhmoud al-Khattib (2011).[12]
  • Head of Operations branch: Brig. Gen. Mohamed Heikmat Ibrahim (2011).[12]

Regional Heads of Political Security Directorate
  • Daraa branch: Atef Najib (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for "being responsible for the violence against protesters in Daraa during the Syrian uprising".[13] He was replaced by Brig. Gen. Nasser Al-Ali.[12]

Other Syrian intelligence agencies

References
  1. "Herzliya Conference Bashar's Syria" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  2. "Syria, Intelligence and Security". Espionageinfo. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  3. "Syria's terror networks". Washington Times. 19 February 2007. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  4. Paul Todd; Jonathan Bloch (8 November 2003). Global Intelligence: The World's Secret Services Today. Zed Books. p. 167. ISBN 978-1-84277-113-6. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  5. Rathmell, Andrew (1996). "Syria's Intelligence Services: Origins and Development". The Journal of Conflict Studies. 16 (2). Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  6. The Annual Register: A Record of World Events 2002 - Keesings Worldwide. 2002. ISBN 9781886994461. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  7. "A rather convenient suicide". The Economist. 12 October 2005. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  8. "Bahjat Suleiman Moved along with Other Security Chiefs". Syria Comment. 19 June 2005. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  9. "Political security department". Cablegatesearch. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  10. Ahed Al Hendi (3 May 2011). "The Structure of Syria's Repression". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  11. "Bashar al-Assad's inner circle". BBC. 30 July 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  12. "By all means necessary" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  13. "Joint Proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011". EuroLex. 52011PC0887. 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2012.
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