Prince Qian

Prince Qian of the Second Rank, or simply Prince Qian, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Qian peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.

Prince Qian of the Second Rank
Traditional Chinese多羅謙郡王
Simplified Chinese多罗谦郡王

The first bearer of the title was Wakeda (瓦克達; 1606–1652), Daišan's fourth son and a grandson of Nurhaci (the founder of the Qing dynasty). In 1651, Wakeda was granted the title "Prince Qian of the Second Rank" by the Shunzhi Emperor. The peerage was discontinued in 1698 after the Kangxi Emperor stripped Lioyung (留雍; Wakeda's son) of his title for committing an offence. However, the Qianlong Emperor restored the peerage in 1778 and granted it to Dongfu (洞福; Lioyung's great-grandson). Overall, the title was passed down over ten generations and held by nine persons.

Members of the Prince Qian peerage

Family tree

adoption
Daišan
代善
(1583–1648)
Prince Lilie of the First Rank
禮烈親王
(1636–1648)
Wakeda
瓦克達
(1606–1652)
Prince Qianxiang of the Second Rank
謙襄郡王
(1651–1652)
Garse
噶爾賽
Feng'en Zhenguo Gong
奉恩鎮國公
(1682–1686)
(stripped of his title)
Lioyung
留雍
Feng'en Zhenguo Gong
奉恩鎮國公
(1686–1698)
(stripped of his title)
Taihun
台渾
Third Class Fuguo Jiangjun
三等輔國將軍
(1694–1720)
Zhongduan
忠端
Dongfu
洞福
First Class Zhenguo Jiangjun
一等鎮國將軍
(1778–1792)
Dewen
德文
Zhenguo Jiangjun
鎮國將軍
(1792–1826)
Sufang
蘇芳
Third Class Fuguo Jiangjun
三等輔國將軍
(1821–1851)
Sufan
蘇藩
First Class Zhenguo Jiangjun
一等鎮國將軍
(1826–1836)
Chengfan
成藩
Third Class Fengguo Jiangjun
三等奉國將軍
(1824–1859)
Chengduan
承瑞
Zhenguo Jiangjun
鎮國將軍
(1836–1867)
Binchang
斌昌
Feng'en Jiangjun
奉恩將軍
(1859–1884)
Yuekang
岳康
Zhenguo Jiangjun
鎮國將軍
(1868–1898)
Enhou
恩厚
Zhenguo Jiangjun
鎮國將軍
(1898–?)
Enrong
恩榮
Feng'en Jiangjun
奉恩將軍
(1884–?)

See also

References

  • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Volume 216. China.
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