Psalm 53

Psalm 53 is the 53rd psalm from the Book of Psalms. In the slightly different numbering system of the Greek Septuagint version of the bible, and in its Latin translation in the Vulgate, this psalm is Psalm 52.

This article uses Hebrew (Masoretic) psalm numbering. Psalm 53 in Greek (Septuagint or Vulgate) numbering corresponds to Psalm 54 in Hebrew numbering.

Content

This psalm is the Elohistic Psalter's version of Psalm 14.[1] Nearly identical to Psalm 14, which prophetically refers to the destruction of the First Temple, this one refers to the destruction of the second.[2] Like Psalm 14, it is quoted in Paul the Apostle's Epistle to the Romans, where Paul uses portions as a base to discuss original sin.

There are two differences between Psalm 14 and 53, the name of God used being the first. Psalm 14 uses the covenant name of God, YHWH, typical of the Psalms in book 1 of Psalms (Psalms 1 through 41). Psalm 53 uses Elohim, typical of the Psalms in Book 2 (Psalms 42 through 72). Second, there is reference to "a refuge for the poor" in Psalm 14:6 which is missing from Psalm 53. This leaves Psalm 53 more focused on judgement of the wicked, such as the Psalm preceding it, Psalm 52 concerning the boastful wicked man.[3]

Uses
New Testament

Verses 1–3 are quoted in Romans 3:10–12.[4]

References
  1. Jewish Publication Society (2014) "Psalms" (note on Psalm 53) in Adele Berlin and Marc Zvi Brettler (eds.) The Jewish Study Bible (second edition). New York: Oxford University Press.
  2. The Artscroll Tehillim p. 110
  3. ESV Gospel Transformation Bible, Crossway 2011 p. 701
  4. Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Book IV and V: Psalms XC–CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. p. 839. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  • Psalm 53 in Hebrew and English - Mechon-mamre
  • Psalm 53 King James Bible - Wikisource
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