Pseudancistrus

Pseudancistrus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America.

Pseudancistrus
Pseudancistrus barbatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Loricariidae
Tribe: Ancistrini
Genus: Pseudancistrus
Bleeker, 1862
Type species
Hypostomus barbatus
Valenciennes, 1840
Synonyms

Lithoxancistrus Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala, 1988

Taxonomy

Pseudancistrus is a genus in the tribe Ancistrini of the subfamily Hypostominae. It was described by Pieter Bleeker in 1862, and redescribed by Jonathan Armbruster in 2004.[1] Currently, there are 18 recognized species distributed in northern South America, with the inclusion of the genera Lithoxancistrus, the species formerly known as Hemiancistrus megacephalus, as well as the most recently described Pseudancistrus corantijniensis.[1] There is no single morphological feature which distinguishes the group from related genera. Despite this, Pseudancistrus is generally recognized as a monophyletic group.

Within the genus there is what is called the P. barbatus group. This group comprises Guyanese derived Pseudancistrus bearing hypertrophied odontodes along the snout and nonevertible cheek plates. It includes the four species P. barbatus, P. corantijniensis, P. depressus, and P. nigrescens.[2]

Species

There are currently 18 recognized species in this genus:

  • Pseudancistrus asurini G. S. C. Silva, Roxo & C. de Oliveira, 2015 [3]
  • Pseudancistrus barbatus (Valenciennes, 1840) (Bearded catfish)
  • Pseudancistrus coquenani (Steindachner, 1915)
  • Pseudancistrus corantijniensis de Chambrier & Montoya-Burgos, 2008 [2]
  • Pseudancistrus depressus (Günther, 1868)
  • Pseudancistrus genisetiger (Fowler, 1941)
  • Pseudancistrus guentheri (Regan, 1904)
  • Pseudancistrus kayabi G. S. C. Silva, Roxo & C. de Oliveira, 2015 [3]
  • Pseudancistrus kwinti Willink, Mol & Chernoff, 2010 [4]
  • ‘Pseudancistrus’ megacephalus Lütken, 1874 [5]
  • Pseudancistrus nigrescens C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
  • Pseudancistrus orinoco (Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala, 1988)
  • Pseudancistrus papariae Fowler, 1941
  • Pseudancistrus pectegenitor Lujan, Armbruster & Sabaj Pérez, 2007 [6]
  • Pseudancistrus reus Armbruster & Taphorn, 2008 [7]
  • Pseudancistrus sidereus Armbruster, 2004
  • Pseudancistrus yekuana Lujan, Armbruster & Sabaj Pérez, 2007 [6]
  • Pseudancistrus zawadzkii G. S. C. Silva, Roxo, Britzke & C. de Oliveira, 2014 [8]

Distribution and habitat

Pseudancistrus species are found around the Guiana Shield in the Guyanas, Venezuela, and Brazil. They are also found in northeastern Brazil in the Rio Jaguaribe and Rio Grande do Norte. They are associated with swift flowing water over gravel, cobble, and boulders.[1]

Description

There is a considerable variation in size within this genus, up to around 20 cm standard length. Most species are not able to evert their cheek plates. In some species, odontodes on the snout may sometimes be extremely hypertrophied.[1] Most species are dark gray, with lighter colouration on the abdomen. In some species, there are light-colored spots or blotches on the sides. Usually, the fins are similarly colored, but in some species there are bands on the caudal fin or an orange or red edging to the dorsal fin and caudal fin.[1]

References
  1. Armbruster, J.W. (2004). "Pseudancistrus sidereus, a new species from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with a redescription of Pseudancistrus" (PDF). Zootaxa. 628: 1–15. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.628.1.1.
  2. de Chambrier, S. & Montoya-Burgos, J.I. (2008). "Pseudancistrus corantijniensis, a new species from the Guyana Shield (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with a molecular and morphological description of the Pseudancistrus barbatus group". Zootaxa. 1918: 45–58.
  3. Silva, G.S.C., Roxo, F.F. & Oliveira, C. (2015). "Two new species of Pseudancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Amazon basin, northern Brazil". ZooKeys. 482: 21–34. doi:10.3897/zookeys.482.6909. PMC 4337218. PMID 25709528.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Willink, P.W., Mol, J.H. & Chernoff, B. (2010). "A new species of suckermouth armored catfish, Pseudancistrus kwinti (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Coppename River drainage, Central Suriname Nature Reserve, Suriname" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2332: 40–48.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Armbruster, J.W., Werneke, D.C. & Tan, M. (2015). "Three new species of saddled loricariid catfishes, and a review of Hemiancistrus, Peckoltia, and allied genera (Siluriformes)". ZooKeys. 480: 97–123. doi:10.3897/zookeys.480.6540. PMC 4319111. PMID 25685026.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. Lujan, N.K., Armbruster, J.W. & Sabaj, M.H. (June 2007). "Two new species of Pseudancistrus from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)" (PDF). Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters. 18 (2): 163–174.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. Armbruster, J.W. & Taphorn, D.C. (2008). "A new species of Pseudancistrus from the Río Caroní, Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1731: 33–41.
  8. Silva G.S.C.; Roxo F.F.; Britzke R.; Oliveira C. (2014). "New species of the Pseudancistrus barbatus group (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) with comments on its biogeography and dispersal routes" (PDF). ZooKeys. 406: 1–23. doi:10.3897/zookeys.406.701.
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