Pseudojuloides cerasinus

Pseudojuloides cerasinus, the smalltail wrasse or the pencil wrasee, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a wrasse from the family Labridae. It is found in the tropical Pacific Ocean and was previously considered to have a much wider distribution but the recognition of new species has reduced this wide range.

Pseudojuloides cerasinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Labriformes
Family: Labridae
Genus: Pseudojuloides
Species:
P. cerasinus
Binomial name
Pseudojuloides cerasinus
(Snyder, 1904)
Synonyms[2]

Pseudojulis cerasina Snyder, 1904

Description

Pseudojuloides cerasinus in their male or terminal phase has a distinctive blue mid-lateral stripe which is situated immediately above a yellow stripe and the posterior portion of the caudal fin is black,[3] edged with blue.[4]In these males the body is an overall green colour and they have a single blue facial stripe.[5] Some males show black spots on the membranes between the first two spines on the dorsal fin. Females of all species in the genus Pseudojuloides tend to be orange or reddish in colour.[3] This is a small species which grows to a total length of 103 millimetres (4.1 in).[1]

Distribution

Pseudojuloides cerasinus is known only from the seas around Hawaii.[2]

Habitat and biology

Pseudojuloides cerasinus is frequently recorded in clear lagoon and near seaward reefs over coral rubble substrates, it is infrequently recorded over live coral and clumps of algae. It inhabits depths of around 3–61 metres (9.8–200.1 ft), although it is more common at depths in excess of 21 metres (69 ft).[2]

Taxonomy

Pseudojuloides cerasinus was formerly regarded as having a wide Indo-Pacific distribution but the taxon P. cerasinus sensu lato is now widely regarded as a species complex and P. cerasinus sensu stricto is now thought to be endemic to Hawaii.[2] The three Indian Ocean species P. xanthomos from Mauritius, P. polackorum from South Africa to Madagascar and P. kaleidos of the Maldives to the Greater Sundas were the first to be recognised while P. splendens from the western Pacific Ocean and P. polynesica of Polynesia were recognised more recently.[5][3]

Pseudojuloides cerasinus was originally described as Pseudojulis cerasina in 1904 by the American ichthyologist John Otterbein Snyder (1867-1943) with the type locality given as Honolulu.[6] When Henry Weed Fowler described the genus Pseudojuloides he designated Pseudojulis cerasina as the type species of the new genus.[7]

References
  1. Russell, B. (2010). "Pseudojuloides cerasinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T187626A8584201. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187626A8584201.en. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). "Pseudojuloides cerasinus" in FishBase. August 2019 version.
  3. Victor, B.C. (2017). "Review of the Indo-Pacific Pseudojuloides cerasinus species complex with a description of two new species (Teleostei: Labridae)". Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation. 29: 11–31. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1068462.
  4. "Pseudojuloides cerasinus Labridae". Reef Life Survey.
  5. Jake Adams (7 December 2017). "Two Stunning New Species of Pencil Wrasses: Pseudojuloides polynesica & P. splendens". Reef Builders Inc. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  6. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Pseudojulis cerasina". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  7. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Pseudojuloides". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
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