R42 (New York City Subway car)

The R42 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company between 1969 and 1970 for the IND/BMT B Division. There were 400 cars in the R42 fleet, numbered 4550–4949. It was the last 60-foot (18.29 m) B Division car built for the New York City Subway until the R143 in 2001, and the last car model class to be built in married pairs.

R42
An R42 train on the J at Marcy Avenue
Interior of an R42 car
In service1969–2020
ManufacturerSt. Louis Car Company
Built atSt. Louis, Missouri, USA
Replaced
Constructed1969–1970
Entered serviceMay 9, 1969
Refurbished1988–1989
Scrapped2007–2008 (all NYCTA-rebuilt cars)
2007–2013 (most MK-rebuilt cars)
Number built400
Number in service(18 in work service)
Number preserved5
Number scrapped345
FormationMarried Pairs
Fleet numbers4550–4949
Capacity44 (seated)
Operator(s)New York City Subway
Specifications
Car body constructionStainless Steel with Carbon Steel chassis, roof and underbody, Fiberglass A-end bonnet and B-end top bonnet
Train length2 car train: 120.4 feet (36.7 m)
4 car train: 240.8 feet (73.4 m)
6 car train: 361.2 feet (110.1 m)
8 car train: 481.6 feet (146.8 m)
10 car train: 602 feet (183 m)
Car length60 ft (18.29 m)
Width10 ft (3,048 mm)
Height12.08 ft (3,682 mm)
Platform height3.76 ft (1.15 m)
Doors8 sets of 50 inch wide side doors per car
Maximum speed55 mph (89 km/h)
Weight74,388.5 lb (33,742 kg)
Traction systemGeneral Electric (GE) SCM propulsion system using Westinghouse 1447J motors
115 hp (85.8 kW) on all axles
Acceleration2.5 mph/s (4.0 km/(h⋅s))
Deceleration3.0 mph/s (4.8 km/(h⋅s)) (Full Service)
3.2 mph/s (5.1 km/(h⋅s)) (Emergency)
Electric system(s)600 V DC Third rail
Current collection methodContact shoe
Braking system(s)CI Rebuilds: New York Air Brake SMEE/ Newtran (dynamic and friction), A.S.F. simplex unit cylinder clasp (tread) brake
MK Rebuilds: WABCO "SMEE" Braking System, A.S.F. simplex unit cylinder clasp (tread) brake
Safety system(s)tripcock
Coupling systemWestinghouse H2C
Headlight typehalogen light bulbs
Track gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)

The first R42 cars entered service on May 9, 1969. Various modifications were made over the years to the R42 fleet. In the late 1980s, the R42 cars were rebuilt by Morrison–Knudsen. The R160 order replaced the vast majority of the R42s in the late 2000s, though 50 cars of the original fleet remained. The R179 order replaced the remainder of the R42s in the late 2010s, and the final train of R42s ran in passenger service on February 12, 2020. After retirement, most of the cars were scrapped, sunk as artificial reefs, or placed into storage, but some have been preserved, and others retained for various purposes.

Description

The R42s were numbered 4550–4949. They were the first fleet of New York City Subway cars to be fully equipped with Stone-Safety 10 ton air conditioning systems/units.[1] Such units were similarly found on the last ten R38s (4140–4149) and all two-hundred R40As (4350–4549).

The R42s were also the first cars to use solid-state converters in place of the motor-generators as standard equipment and were also the last cars to be equipped with the tried-and-true, and extremely reliable WABCO RT-2 or SMEE braking system temporarily, until returning in 1983 with the R62s for the IRT division, after disastrous results with the newer WABCO RT-5 or P-Wire braking systems used on their R44 and R46 cars of the 1970s.

History

On May 9, 1969, cars 4554–4555 entered service on the N as part of a mixed consist with straight-ended R40As. By January 5, 1970, all cars were in service.[2]

Post-delivery, overhaul, and mishaps

Initially, the R42s suffered from air conditioning and brake malfunctions, frequently injuring crew members.[3]

In 1973, cars 4764–4765 were sent to Garrett AiResearch's facilities in Los Angeles, California, to test out an experimental flywheel energy storage and energy-saving system and equipment.[4] Car 4764 received this energy storage, conservation equipment, and machinery with batteries and amber-type digital readouts indicating the amount of energy used by the equipment, while 4765 remained untouched. These cars were later tested at the UMTA and the USDOT testing facility in Pueblo, Colorado for evaluation, before being returned to the MTA in 1976 for in-service testing on all BMT/IND lines to check the effectiveness of the technology.

In 1977, pantograph gates, salvaged from retired R1 through R9 cars, were modified and installed on the front ends of the R42s. Baloney coiled spring type inter car safety barriers were also installed on the blind ends of the married pairs.

Between 1988 and 1989, the R42s underwent overhaul as a result of deferred maintenance in the New York City Subway during the 1970s and the 1980s. 282 cars (most cars from 4550 to 4839) were overhauled by Morrison–Knudsen, while the last 110 cars (4840–4949) were rebuilt in-house by the Coney Island Overhaul Shop in Brooklyn. Notable changes from the overhaul included the replacement of the original doors by stainless steel doors with smaller windows.[5] Morrison–Knudsen also removed the blue door indicator lights at the ends of the cars, but kept the original Westinghouse XM829 master controllers in their cabs. The Coney Island rebuilds retained their blue indicator lights. The eight cars that were not rebuilt were 4680–4681, 4685, 4714–4715, 4726, and 4766–4767, which were prematurely scrapped due to damage sustained in various accidents during the 1970s and 1980s. As cars 4684 and 4727 lost their mates in separate incidents, the two cars were paired with each other and subsequently overhauled.

On June 6, 1995, cars 4664–4665 were involved in a collision on the Williamsburg Bridge with straight-ended R40A cars 4460–4461. Car 4664 was scrapped in 2000 (along with cars 4685 and 4726, which were not involved in the accident) and R40A 4461 was taken out of service, leaving 4665 to be mated with R40A 4460.[6][7] This pair today survives as part of the museum fleet.

On November 6, 2007, an M train of R42s was involved in an accident when the motorman attempted to relay it south of the Chambers Street station. As the R42 fleet was being retired at the time, the entire consist[8] was hauled to the 207th Street Yard for reefing instead of being repaired, even though only the first two cars suffered major damage.[9][10]

Retirement
Retired R42 cars being shipped out to the Atlantic Ocean for reefing
Retired R42 cars awaiting processing at Sims Metal Management in Newark, New Jersey
Final trip of the R42s on February 12, 2020

The R160 order replaced the vast majority of the R42s. The NYCTA-rebuilt cars were retired from mid-2007 to mid-2008. Subsequently, most MK-rebuilt cars followed starting in November 2007 until December 2009, when it was decided to retire the NYCT R44s instead. 50 cars (4788–4817 and 4820–4839) remained and were assigned to East New York Yard, operating on the J and Z. These had periodically undergone SMS (Scheduled Maintenance Service, a life extension program) cycles.

The R179 order replaced the remainder of the R42s.[11][12] Since the delivery of the four-car R179 sets, demand for the R42s drastically lowered. By late April 2019, they were no longer formally assigned for revenue service, becoming a contingency fleet.[13] With the R179 delivery completed, the R42s were gradually phased out until the last train, consisting of pairs 4798–4799, 4816–4817, 4824–4825, and 4830–4831, made its final trip on the J on December 30, 2019.[14][15][16] However, between January 8 and January 24, 2020, the R42s were restored to revenue service due to the R179s being pulled from service.[17] Finally, on February 12, 2020, the R42s were officially retired when the last train, consisting of pairs 4790–4791, 4796–4797, 4806–4807, 4826–4827, and 4830–4831, made its final trip on the A as part of a ceremonial farewell excursion sponsored by the New York Transit Museum.[1][3] For the ceremonial farewell trip, cars 4790–4791 had vintage style vinyl signs placed on top of their front destination signs. All cars on the final trip had advertisements plastered along the interiors of each car commemorating the final run.[18] The 2020 retirement meant that the R42s were in service for almost 51 years, currently the second longest service life for an R-type subway car after the R32s.

Most cars retired by the R160s were stripped of parts and sunk as artificial reefs. After the reefing program ended in April 2010, leftover retired R42s were trucked to Sims Metal Management's Newark facility to be scrapped and processed.[19]

Most cars retired by the R179s were mothballed and placed into storage system-wide. However, all cars on the ceremonial farewell trip were reassigned to work service in summer 2020. Additional cars are also being reassigned to work service. The cars assigned to work service handle such tasks as providing traction for B Division rail adhesion cars and refuse trains.

Some R42 cars were saved for various purposes throughout the New York City Subway system. The full list includes:

  • 4572–4573 – preserved by the New York Transit Museum. This pair was used in the famous chase scene in the film The French Connection. The cars have been used on several recent NYTM fan trips, specifically as a part of the Train of Many Metals (TOMM).[20]
  • 4665 (and its R40A mate 4460) – preserved by the Railway Preservation Corp. The pair is stored at Coney Island Yard.
  • 4736–4737 – donated to East New York's Transit Tech High School[21] on April 14, 2009, replacing R30 car 8337, which was reefed a few months later.[10]

References
  1. Rivoli, Dan (February 12, 2020). "Historic R-42 Subway Cars Make Final Run Along the A Line". Spectrum News NY1 | New York City. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  2. ERA New York Division Bulletin, August 2005 "January 5, 1970 Car Assignment", Page 9.
  3. Guse, Clayton (February 12, 2020). "MTA retires 50-year-old R42 subway cars famed as 'workhorses'". nydailynews.com. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  4. "Showing Image 26969". www.nycsubway.org.
  5. Grotjahn, Doug (October 6, 1970). "Image 5640". nycsubway.org. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  6. "Showing Image 5330". www.nycsubway.org.
  7. "Showing Image 31752". www.nycsubway.org.
  8. Cars #4730, 4731, 4624,4625, 4818,4819, 4786, and 4787
  9. "MTA – Press Release – NYC Transit – M Train Incident at Chambers Street". mta.info.
  10. "nycsubway.org: R-42 (St. Louis Car)". www.nycsubway.org.
  11. "Governor Cuomo Announces $600 Million MTA Investment in Upstate Manufacturing | Governor Andrew M. Cuomo". Governor.ny.gov. March 28, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
  12. "R179 Staff Summary March 2012" (PDF). mta.info. New York City Transit. March 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
  13. https://erausa.org/pdf/bulletin/2019/2019-06-bulletin.pdf
  14. Picker, Shaul. "Builder's Plate Removed from R42 Car 4830". Flickr. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  15. "Train lovers reminisce as R42 subway trains take final ride through Brooklyn & Queens". amNewYork. February 12, 2020.
  16. https://twitter.com/NYCTSubway/status/1212075792823472130
  17. Martinez, Jose (January 8, 2020). "MTA YANKS 'LEMON' TRAINS OUT OF SERVICE". Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  18. "Final Run of the R-42". new.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 9, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
  19. "Showing Image 140235". nycsubway.org.
  20. "Showing Image 144505". www.nycsubway.org.
  21. Mooney, Jake (May 3, 2009). "Very Closely Watched Trains". The New York Times. New York, NY. p. CY1.

Further reading
  • Sansone, Gene. Evolution of New York City subways: An illustrated history of New York City's transit cars, 1867–1997. New York Transit Museum Press, New York, 1997 ISBN 978-0-9637492-8-4
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.