Richard Rogers

Richard George Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside CH FRIBA FCSD FREng RA (born 23 July 1933) is an Italian-British architect noted for his modernist and functionalist designs in high-tech architecture.

The Right Honourable The Lord Rogers of Riverside CH FRIBA FCSD FREng RA
Born	Richard George Rogers 23 July 1933 Florence, Italy
Further information Nationality British, Italian Alma mater Architectural Association School of Architecture, Yale School of Architecture Occupation Architect Awards RIBA Gold Medal (1985) Thomas Jefferson Medal (1999) Praemium Imperiale (2000) Stirling Prize (2006), (2009) Minerva Medal (2007) Pritzker Prize (2007) HonFREng[1] (2005)
Practice	Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners (2007-2020)
Buildings	Centre Georges Pompidou Lloyd's building (Grade I) Millennium Dome European Court of Human Rights Madrid-Barajas Airport terminal 4 London Heathrow Terminal 5 Senedd, Cardiff
Projects	Towards an Urban Renaissance Grand Paris

Rogers is perhaps best known for his work on the Pompidou Centre in Paris, the Lloyd's building and Millennium Dome both in London, the Senedd in Cardiff, and the European Court of Human Rights building in Strasbourg. He is a winner of the RIBA Gold Medal, the Thomas Jefferson Medal, the RIBA Stirling Prize, the Minerva Medal and Pritzker Prize. He was a Senior Partner at Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, previously known as the Richard Rogers Partnership, until 30 June 2020.

Early life and career

Lloyd's building in 1991

Richard Rogers was born in Florence (Tuscany) in 1933 into an Anglo-Italian family. His father, William Nino Rogers (1906–1993), was the cousin of Italian architect Ernesto Nathan Rogers. His ancestors moved from Sunderland to Venice in about 1800, later settling in Trieste, Milan and Florence. In 1939 William Nino Rogers decided to come back to England.[2] Upon moving to England, Richard Rogers went to St Johns School, Leatherhead. Rogers did not excel academically, which made him believe that he was "stupid because he could not read or memorize his school work"[3] and as a consequence he stated that he became "very depressed".[3] He wasn't able to read until the age of 11,[4] and it was not until after he had his first child that he realised that he was dyslexic.[3] After leaving St Johns School, he undertook a foundation course at Epsom School of Art[5] (now University for the Creative Arts) before going into National Service between 1951 and 1953.[2] He then attended the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, where he gained the Architectural Association's Diploma (AA Dipl) from 1954 until 1959, subsequently graduating with a master's degree (M Arch) from the Yale School of Architecture in 1962 on a Fulbright Scholarship.[3][6] While studying at Yale, Rogers met fellow architecture student Norman Foster and planning student Su Brumwell.

After leaving Yale he joined Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in New York.[4] On returning to England in 1963, he, Norman Foster and Brumwell set up architectural practice as Team 4 with Wendy Cheeseman (Brumwell later married Rogers, Cheeseman married Foster).[7] Rogers and Foster earned a reputation for what was later termed by the media high-tech architecture.[8]

By 1967, Team 4 had split up, but Rogers continued to collaborate with Su Rogers, along with John Young and Laurie Abbott.[9] In early 1968 he was commissioned to design a house and studio for Humphrey Spender near Maldon, Essex, a glass cube framed with I-beams. He continued to develop his ideas of prefabrication and structural simplicity to design a Wimbledon house for his parents. This was based on ideas from his conceptual Zip-Up House,[10] such as the use of standardized components based on refrigerator panels to make energy-efficient buildings.

Pompidou Centre

Rogers subsequently joined forces with Italian architect Renzo Piano, a partnership that was to prove fruitful. His career leapt forward when he, Piano and Gianfranco Franchini won the design competition for the Pompidou Centre in July 1971, alongside a team from Ove Arup that included Irish engineer Peter Rice.[11]

This building established Rogers's trademark of exposing most of the building's services (water, heating and ventilation ducts, and stairs) on the exterior, leaving the internal spaces uncluttered and open for visitors to the centre's art exhibitions. This style, dubbed "Bowellism" by some critics, was not universally popular at the time the centre opened in 1977, but today the Pompidou Centre is a widely admired Parisian landmark. Rogers revisited this inside-out style with his design for London's Lloyd's building, completed in 1986 – another controversial design which has since become a famous and distinctive landmark in its own right.

Later career

Richard Rogers in 2013

After working with Piano, Rogers established the Richard Rogers Partnership along with Marco Goldschmied, Mike Davies and John Young in 1977.[12] This became Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners in 2007. The firm maintains offices in London, Shanghai and Sydney.

Rogers has devoted much of his later career to wider issues surrounding architecture, urbanism, sustainability and the ways in which cities are used. One early illustration of his thinking was an exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1986, entitled "London As It Could Be", which also featured the work of James Stirling and Rogers' former partner Norman Foster. This exhibition made public a series of proposals for transforming a large area of central London, subsequently dismissed as impractical by the city's authorities.

In 1995, he became the first architect to deliver the BBC's annual Reith Lectures. This series of five talks, titled Sustainable City, were later adapted into the book Cities for a Small Planet (Faber and Faber: London 1997, ISBN 0-571-17993-2). The BBC made these lectures available to the public for download in July 2011.[13]

The Senedd building

Rogers (left) with Queen Elizabeth II and Sue Essex AM (right), at the opening of the Senedd building

The steps leading up to the Senedd

In 1998, he set up the Urban Task Force at the invitation of the British government, to help identify causes of urban decline and establish a vision of safety, vitality and beauty for Britain's cities. This work resulted in a white paper, Towards an Urban Renaissance, outlining more than 100 recommendations for future city designers. Rogers also served for several years as chair of the Greater London Authority panel for Architecture and Urbanism. He has been chair of the board of Trustees of The Architecture Foundation. From 2001 to 2008 he was chief advisor on architecture and urbanism to Mayor of London Ken Livingstone; he was subsequently asked to continue his role as an advisor by new mayor Boris Johnson in 2008. He stood down from the post in October 2009.[14] Rogers has also served as an advisor to two mayors of Barcelona on urban strategies.

Amidst this extra-curricular activity, Rogers has continued to create controversial and iconic works. Perhaps the most famous of these, the Millennium Dome, was designed by the Rogers practice in conjunction with engineering firm Buro Happold and completed in 1999. It was the subject of fierce political and public debate over the cost and contents of the exhibition it contained; the building itself cost £43 million.[15]

In May 2006, Rogers' practice was chosen as the architect of Tower 3 of the new World Trade Center in New York City, replacing the old World Trade Center which was destroyed in the September 11 attacks.

Some of Rogers's recent plans have failed to get off the ground. The practice was appointed to design the replacement to the Central Library in the Eastside of Birmingham; however, his plan was shelved for financial reasons. City Park Gate, the area adjacent to the land the library would have stood on, is now being designed by Ken Shuttleworth's Make Architects.

Rogers resigned his directorship of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners on 30 June 2020.[16] The Rogers name will be removed from the practice by 2022 as the founding constitution requires.[17]

Selected projects

Team 4

• Creek Vean, Cornwall, UK (1966)
• Reliance Controls factory, Swindon, UK (1967)
• Jaffe House (also known as Skybreak House), Humphrey Spender's house, Maldon, UK (1965-1966)
• Wates Housing, Coulsdon, Surrey (1965)

Richard and Su Rogers Architects (with John Young and Laurie Abbott)

• 22 Parkside (Dr. Nino and Dada Rogers' house), Wimbledon, London, UK (1967)[18]
• Zip-Up House (1967–69)

Piano + Rogers

• Universal Oil Products, Tadworth, UK (1969–1974)
• B&B Italia headquarters, Como, Italy (1972–1973)[19]
• Pompidou Centre, Paris, France (1971–77)
• IRCAM, Paris, France (1971–1977)
• Patscentre Research Laboratory, Melbourn, UK (1976–1983)

The Richard Rogers Partnership

Madrid-Barajas Airport terminal 4

Bordeaux Law Court

Lloyd's building, London, UK (1978–84) Inmos microprocessor factory, Newport, Wales, UK (1980–1982)[20] Old Billingsgate Market, London, UK (1985–1988) Paternoster Square, London, UK (1987) The River Café, London, UK (1987) Reuters Data Centre, London, UK (1987–1992) Kabuki-cho Tower, Tokyo, Japan (1987–1993) Linn Products, Waterfoot, Glasgow (1988) Antwerp Law Courts, Belgium (2000–2006) Marseille Provence Airport, Marignane, France (1989–1992) 124 Horseferry Road (Channel 4 headquarters), London, UK (1990–1994)

European Court of Human Rights building, Strasbourg, France, 1995 88 Wood Street, London, UK (1990–1999) Palais de Justice de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (1993–1999) Lloyd's Register building, London, UK (1995–1999) Millennium Dome, London, UK (1996–1999) Broadwick House, London, UK (1996–2000) Paddington Waterside, London, UK (1999–2004) Mossbourne Community Academy, London, UK (2002–2004) Senedd (Welsh Parliament), Cardiff, UK (1999–2005) Adolfo Suarez-Madrid Barajas Airport terminals 4 and 4S, Madrid, Spain (2004) Hesperia Tower, Barcelona, Spain (2005)

Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners

London Heathrow Terminal 5, London, UK (1989–2008) Las Arenas, Barcelona, Spain (1999-2011) Maggie's Centre, London, UK (2001–2008) Central Park Station (R9), Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit system, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan (2003–2007) Three World Trade Center, New York City (2006–2018) British Museum, World Conservation and Exhibitions Centre, London, UK (2007–2014) One Hyde Park, London (2007–2010) Atrio Towers, Bogotá (2008-) Santa Maria del Pianto Underground Station, Naples, Italy (2006-) NEO Bankside, London, UK (2012)

122 Leadenhall Street, also known as the Cheesegrater, London (2000-2014) Greater Paris / Grand Paris, France (2008-2013) Oxley Woods, Milton Keynes, UK (2004-2010) St. Lawrence Market North Revitalization, Toronto, Canada (2010-) with Adamson Associates Y:Cube, London (2013-2015) International Quarter London, London (2014-ongoing) Taoyuan International Airport T3, Taipei, Taiwan (2015-ongoing) International Towers Sydney, Barangaroo, Sydney, Australia (2010-2016) 8 Chifly, Sydney, Australia (2005-2013) PLACE / Ladywell, London, UK (2014-2016)

• 
  London Heathrow Terminal 5
• 
  Maggie's Centre, London
• 
  Central Park Station (R9), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
• 
  Las Arenas, Barcelona
• 
  One Hyde Park, London
• 
  International Towers Sydney

Publications

Rogers has written several books during his career including:

• Architecture: A Modern View, Thames & Hudson (1991) ISBN 9780500276518
• A New London (co-author Mark Fisher and the Labour Party), Penguin (1992) ISBN 9780140157949
• Cities for a Small Planet, Faber and Faber (1997) ISBN 9780571179930
• Towards an Urban Renaissance, Urban Task Force (1999) ISBN 9781851121656
• Cities for a Small Country, Faber and Faber (2000) ISBN 9780571206520
• Richard Rogers and Architects: From the House to the City, Fiell Publishing (2010) ISBN 9781906863111
• Architecture: A Modern View, Thames & Hudson (2013) ISBN 9780500342930

Honours and awards

Rogers was knighted in 1991 by Queen Elizabeth II.[21][22] He was created Baron Rogers of Riverside, of Chelsea in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea on 17 October 1996.[23] He sits as a Labour peer in the House of Lords.[24] Rogers was appointed a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in the 2008 Birthday Honours list.[25]

Rogers was awarded the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1985. He has been twice honoured by France, first as a Chevalier, L'Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur in 1986, and later as an Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 1995.[26] He received a Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the 10th Mostra di Architettura di Venezia.[27] In 2006, the Richard Rogers Partnership was awarded the Stirling Prize for Terminal 4 of Barajas Airport,[28] and again in 2009 for Maggie's Centre in London.[29] Rogers won the Gold Medal for Architecture at the National Eisteddfod of Wales of 2006 for his work on the Senedd building of the Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament.[30] He was also appointed as a Honorary Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering[1] in 2005. In 2007 Rogers was made Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize – architecture's highest honour.[31] He was awarded the Minerva Medal by the Chartered Society of Designers in the same year. In 2012, Rogers was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Peter Blake to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork – the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover – to celebrate the British cultural figures of the last six decades.[32]

Rogers has been awarded honorary degrees from several universities, including Alfonso X El Sabio University in Madrid, Oxford Brookes University, the University of Kent, the Czech Technical University in Prague and the Open University. In 1994, he was awarded an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) by the University of Bath.[33]

Palestine controversy

In February 2006, Rogers hosted the inaugural meeting of the campaigning organisation Architects and Planners for Justice in Palestine (APJP) in his London offices. At that time his practice had secured a number of projects in New York, including the redevelopment of the Silvercup Studios site, a masterplan for the East River Waterfront and a commission for a $1.7 billion expansion of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Centre in Manhattan. Rogers however publicly dissociated himself from the group within weeks, following an outcry from generally pro-Israeli New York voters and politicians, which threatened him with the loss of prestigious commissions including projects in New York and abroad.[34] He announced his withdrawal with the statement, "I unequivocally renounce Architects and Planners for Justice in Palestine and have withdrawn my relationship with them."[35]

Personal life

Rogers is married to Ruth Rogers, chef and owner of The River Café restaurant in west London. They have two sons together, Roo and Bo (deceased 2011).[36]

Rogers also has three sons, Ben, Zad and Ab, from his first marriage to Su Brumwell. Ben is the Director of Centre for London, the capital's dedicated think tank. He has thirteen grandchildren and a younger brother, Peter William Rogers, a property developer and co-founder of Stanhope.

In 2015, he was named one of GQ's 50 best dressed British men.[37]

References

1. "List of Fellows".
2. Richard Rogers. Canongate Books. 7 September 2017. ISBN 9781782116943. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
3. "Richard Rogers, Architect". Yale School of Medicine. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
4. "Richard Rogers". www.nyc-architecture.com. Retrieved 31 March 2006.
5. Spens, Michael. "Stirling Prize for Architecture 2006 (RIBA UK), Studio International". Studio International - Visual Arts, Design and Architecture. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
6. "Richard Rogers". Richard Rogers Partnerships. Retrieved 31 July 2006.
7. Ian Lambot (Ed.), "Norman Foster: Buildings and Projects Volume 1 1964–1973", Watermark Publications (1991), pp. 14–15, ISBN 1-873200-01-3.
8. "Richard Rogers + Architects – From the House to the City". Design Museum. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
9. "Richard Rogers, Pritzker Speech" (PDF). Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
10. "Richard Rogers: Beginnings". Pompidou Centre. Archived from the original on 24 April 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
11. "Architecture of the Building". Centre Pompidou website. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
12. "Competitively speaking: a born organiser, Marco Goldschmied of Richard Rogers Partnership is being tipped as a possible future RIBA president". Advameg Inc. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
13. "BBC Radio 4 unveils 60 years of Reith Lectures archive". BBC News. 26 June 2011.
14. "Richard Rogers steps down as advisor to mayor". Mayor of London's office. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
15. "Millennium Dome". RHSP. Retrieved 30 October 2009.
16. "Richard George Rogers". Companies House. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
17. "Richard Rogers steps down from Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners after 43 years". Dezeen. 1 September 2020. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
18. "Dr Rogers House". Richard Rogers Partnership. Retrieved 27 October 2006.
19. "B&B Italia". Retrieved 22 October 2009.
20. "INMOS Factory – Richard Rogers". Retrieved 19 April 2009.
21. "No. 52563". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 June 1991. p. 2.
22. "No. 52858". The London Gazette. 10 March 1992. p. 4257.
23. "No. 54559". The London Gazette. 23 October 1996. p. 14045.
24. UK Parliament. Parliament.uk Archived 25 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
25. "No. 58729". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 June 2008. p. 4.
26. "www.dodspeople.com". Retrieved 16 August 2019.
27. Biennale Architecture: 10th International Architecture Exhibition (2006), Official Awards Archived 14 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
28. "RIBA Stirling Prize 2006". RIBA. Archived from the original on 19 October 2006. Retrieved 27 October 2006.
29. "RIBA Stirling Prize 2009". RIBA. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
30. "Gold Medal for Architecture". National Eisteddfod of Wales. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021.
31. Robin Pogrebin (28 March 2007). "British Architect Wins 2007 Pritzker Prize". New York Times. Retrieved 28 March 2007.
32. "New faces on Sgt Pepper album cover for artist Peter Blake's 80th birthday". The Guardian. 2016.
33. "Honorary Graduates 1989 to present". bath.ac.uk. University of Bath. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
34. "Boiling point". The Guardian. London. 9 March 2006. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
35. Burkeman, Oliver (9 March 2006). "Israel-Palestine conflict engulfs Rogers's .7bn New York project". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
36. Rainey, Sarah (3 November 2011). "Lord Rogers' son Bo found dead in bath". The Daily Telegraph. London.
37. "50 Best Dressed Men in Britain 2015". GQ. 5 January 2015. Archived from the original on 7 January 2015.

External links

• Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners website
• Large list of major Richard Rogers skyscrapers with data and images
• Rogers, Stirk, Harbour and Partners projects portfolio
• Pritzker Prize 2007
• Richard Rogers presents the 2007 Annual Discourse at the Royal Institute of British Architects (video)
• The 1995 BBC Reith Lectures: Sustainable City by Richard Rogers
• Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections