Rubus ulmifolius

Rubus ulmifolius is a species of wild blackberry known by the English common name elmleaf blackberry or thornless blackberry and the Spanish common name zarzamora. It is native to Europe and North Africa, and has also become naturalized in parts of the United States (especially California), Australia, and southern South America.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Rubus ulmifolius
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Rubus
Species:
R. ulmifolius
Binomial name
Rubus ulmifolius
Schott 1818
Synonyms[1]

Description

Rubus ulmifolius is a brambly shrub sometimes as much as 5 meters (almost 17 feet) tall, sometimes with spines but not always. Leaves are palmately compound with 3 or 5 leaflets, the leaflets green on the upper surface but white on the underside because of a dense layer of woolly hairs. Flowers are usually pink, sometimes white. The fruit is a compound drupe, dark purple, almost black.[4]

Flower and buds

Reproduction

Rubus ulmifolius is unique among subgenus Rubus in displaying normal sexual reproduction; all other species are facultative apomicts.[11]

Distribution and Habitat

Rubus ulmifolius is found in its native range across Western Europe, from the Netherlands south to Spain and Portugal, in Britain and Ireland, as well as NW Africa. It is naturalised in North America, Australasia and South Africa. In Britain and Ireland it is a plant of hedges and woodland edges on calcareous soils.[12]

Subspecies

Rubus sanctus is often considered to be a subspecies of R. ulmifolius.

References
  1. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved February 5, 2014.
  2. "Rubus ulmifolius". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  3. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
  4. Flora of North America, Rubus ulmifolius Schott, 1818. Elm-leaf blackberry
  5. Altervista Flora Italiana, Rubus ulmifolius Schott includes photos and European distribution map
  6. Calflora taxon report, University of California, Rubus ulmifolius Schott, elmleaf blackberry
  7. Troncoso, N. S. 1987. Piperaceae, Polygonaceae (Coccoloba, Muehlenbeckia, Ruprechtia, Emex), Aizoaceae, Molluginaceae, Basellaceae, Berberidaceae, Annonaceae, Menispermaceae, Capparaceae, Rosaceae. 3: 2–6,. In A. E. Burkart (ed.) Flora Ilustrada de Entre Ríos (Argentina). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires
  8. Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Botánica 42: 1–157
  9. Atlas of Living Australia
  10. Tela Botanica in French with photos
  11. Edees, E.S., Newton, A. and Kent, D.H., 1988. Brambles of the British Isles. Ray Society.
  12. Edees, E.S., Newton, A. and Kent, D.H., 1988. Brambles of the British Isles. Ray Society.


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