Sakhalin Oblast Duma

The Sakhalin Oblast Duma is the highest permanent and only legislative body of the Sakhalin Oblast.[1] Together with the executive and judicial branches, the oblast's legislative assembly is vested with power to control the oblast's own affairs with moderate levels of autonomy from Moscow.[2] All members are elected by public vote and are titled as deputies. The term of the deputies are currently 5 years long.

Sakhalin Oblast Duma Сахалинская областная Дума
Type
Type	Unicameral
Term limits	5 years
History
Founded	February 2, 1994
Preceded by	Supreme Soviet of Russia
Leadership
Chairman	Andrey Khapochkin
Structure
Seats	28
Political groups	United Russia (21)   Communist Party (3)   Liberal Democratic Party (2)   Independent (2)
Elections
Voting system	Parallel voting
First election	March 27, 1994
Last election	September 2017
Next election	September 2022
Meeting place
693009, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Chekhov St., 37
Website
www.dumasakhalin.ru

History

Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR was the legislative body of the Soviet Union that was elected by members of the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia. The Supreme Soviet of Russia itself contained the Council of the Republic and the Council of Nationalities, which represented the population size of the federal subjects and the federal subjects itself respectively. During the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993,[3] the activities of the regional council of people's deputies was terminated and power was decentralized to the individual federal subjects in accordance with the presidential decree of October 9, 1993 (No. 1617) "On the Reform of Representative Authorities and Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation" and the decision of the Sakhalin Oblast Governor of October 16, 1993 (No. 251) "On the reform of the Sakhalin Regional People's Deputies".

In its aftermath, in accordance with another presidential decree of October 22, 1993 (No. 1723) “On the Basic Principles of the Organization of State Power in the Subjects of the Russian Federation”, the Provisional Regulation on the Regional Duma, which would be the legislative body of Sakhalin Oblast, was approved by the Sakhalin Oblast Governor via decision No. 65 on February 2, 1994. The regulation establishes that the oblast Duma will consist of 16 deputies elected by the population of the region and would have a term of two years.[4]

Structure

As with most of the regional parliaments of Russia, the Oblast Duma is unicameral. It currently comprises 28 deputies, with 14 of them running in single-mandate constituencies and the other 14 in a single at-large electoral district.[1] 14 members are elected in single-member districts by first-past-the-post voting while another 14 are selected by party-list proportional representation in a single island-wide electoral district. The Oblast Duma, as with all regional legislatures in Russia, elects the Oblast's representation in the Federation Council , the upper house of the bicameral Federal Assembly, the national parliament

A two-thirds majority vote is needed for a charter or its amendments to be adopted by the Duma. While a simple majority vote is needed for resolutions or laws to be passed in the Duma.[4]

The executive branch of Sakhalin works closely with the oblast's Duma. The executive branch is also known as the government of Sakhalin and is headed by the governor, who is the highest ranking person in the oblast.[1] The Governor is not to be confused with the Chairman of the Duma, who is head of the Duma only.

Chairman

Chairman	Year
Maksutov Valiulla Safiullovich	1994 - 1996[5]
Boris Nikitovich Tretyak	1996 - 2001[6]
Lyubov Fedorovna Shubina (acting)	2001 - 2002
Vladimir Ilyich Efremov	2002 - 2017[7]
Khapochkin Andrey Alekseevich	since 2017[8]

Previous legislative assemblies

Convocation	Results and development[9]
I	Elections for the first convocation were held on 27 March 1994. However, due to the fact that the elections in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, which were held in March 1994, as well as repeated elections in July 1994, were declared invalid, the Duma of the first convocation started off with only 12 deputies.[10] These 12 deputies were elected for a 2-year term. In the 24 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 369 resolutions were accepted, with 26 being regional laws.
II	Elections for the second convocation were held on 20 October 1996. 27 deputies were elected for a 4-year term. In the 77 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 1768 resolutions were accepted, with 208 being regional laws.
III	Elections for the third convocation were held on 22 October 2000. 27 deputies were elected for a 4-year term. In the 92 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 2154 resolutions were accepted, with 317 being regional laws.
IV	Elections for the fourth convocation were held on 10 October 2004. 28 deputies were elected for a 4-year term. In the 91 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 2729 resolutions were accepted, with 375 being regional laws.
V	Elections for the fifth convocation were held on 12 October 2008. 28 deputies were elected for a 4-year term. In the 82 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 2166 resolutions were accepted, with 534 being regional laws.
VI	Elections for the sixth convocation were held on 14 October 2012. 28 deputies were elected for a newly extended 5-year term. In the 123 meetings that the convocation had, a total of 2017 resolutions were accepted, with 614 being regional laws.
VII	Elections for the seventh convocation were held on 10 September 2017. 28 deputies were elected for a 5-year term. During the seventh convocation, many issues especially those pertaining to the compulsory health insurance fund, pension and student development were tabled for discussion by the Duma.[11]

References

1. "Federation Council of Russian Federation, Sakhalin Oblast". 2018. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
2. "Constitution Russian Federation Article 104". 2018. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
3. "Yeltsin Orders Referendum on a New Constitution". 1993-10-16. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
4. "История Думы История Сахалинской областной Думы". 2009-12-21. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
5. "Максутов Валиулла Сафиуллович". 2018. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
6. "Умер бывший сенатор от Сахалина Борис Третяк". 2016-09-14. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
7. "Ефремов Владимир Ильич". 2017. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
8. "Хапочкин Андрей Алексеевич". 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
9. "Паспорт Сахалинской областной Думы". 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
10. "Проект закона о выборах депутатов Сахалинской областной Думы принят в первом чтении". 2008-03-27. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
11. "Сахалинская областная Дума определилась с планами своей работы на конец года". 2018-10-04. Retrieved 2019-01-18.