San Diego County Administration Center

The San Diego County Administration Center is a historic Beaux-Arts/Spanish Revival-style building in San Diego, California. It houses the offices of the Government of San Diego County. It was completed in 1938 and was primarily funded by the Works Progress Administration. It was previously known as the San Diego Civic Center and as the City and County Administration Building. Because of its notable architecture and its location fronting San Diego Bay, it is nicknamed the Jewel on the Bay.[1] Architects were Samuel Wood Hamill, William Templeton Johnson, Richard Requa and Louis John Gill. The building used innovative construction techniques to guard against earthquakes, and the project was considered to be "a prototype of American civic center architecture".[1][2] The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 16, 1988.[4]

San Diego County Administration Center
The center with the statue Guardian of Water in the foreground
Location within California
Former names	San Diego Civic Center; City and County Administration Building
General information
Architectural style	Beaux-Arts, Spanish Revival, Streamline Moderne, Mission Revival
Address	1600 Pacific Hwy., San Diego, California
Coordinates	32°43′19″N 117°10′20″W
Groundbreaking	December 5, 1935[1]
Construction started	January 4, 1936[1]
Completed	December 23, 1938[1]
Inaugurated	July 16, 1938[1]
Height	150 feet (46 m)[1]
Technical details
Floor count	7 (incl. 2 basement floors)[2]
Floor area	200,000 square feet (19,000 m^2)[2]
Design and construction
Architect	Samuel Wood Hamill, William Templeton Johnson, Richard Requa, Louis John Gill
Website
http://www.sdcounty.ca.gov/cob/cacs/
San Diego Civic Center
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
Area	16.7 acres (6.8 ha)
NRHP reference No.	88000554[3]
Added to NRHP	May 16, 1988

History

In order to consolidate city and county government offices which were scattered across downtown San Diego, city planner John Nolen was engaged to plan a civic center. Voters rejected the first draft plan (1908) which would have placed the civic center downtown. In 1926 Nolen completed a plan which placed the civic center on newly dredged tidelands. This plan was approved in a March 1927 election. There was considerable opposition to building on the tidelands, in part because it was felt such a building would be unstable in an earthquake, but it was stabilized by 30-foot-long steel pilings driven in the ground and other measures. Some of the steel pilings were alternated in a manner designed to bear lateral stress; this was a novel design and was considered to be "on the cutting edge of engineering developments."[1][2] Engineering issues and the Great Depression delayed the start of construction until 1935, when $1 million of Works Progress Administration funds were assigned to the project (combined with $750,000 of local funds).[1] President Franklin Delano Roosevelt dedicated the building on July 16, 1938 before a crowd estimated as 25,000 people.[2]

In 1964 the city moved its offices to a new downtown Community Concourse, and since then the building has held county offices only.[5][6] Today many county offices are housed in a County Operations Center at 5500-5600 Overland Avenue, and the county maintains several branch offices to serve the public. The historic County Administration Center is still the home of the Board of Supervisors, the Chief Administrative Officer, the Assessor, the County Clerk, the Treasurer/Tax Collector, and many forms of public records.[7]

In 2014 a waterfront park was opened on the former site of the building's parking lots.[8]

Architecture

The design was intended to complement structures in Balboa Park, a mix of Spanish Revival and Beaux-Arts architecture. Southwestern touches include "a red Mission tile roof, glazed Franciscan inlaid pottery tile, and arched door and window openings." The design of the central office tower included so-called P.W.A. Moderne. The structure also features the detail of Zigzag moderne through the use of a large amount of ornamentation, "recessed windows in vertical patterns," and "smooth-surfaced columns." The county's art collection shown inside the building includes works by Charles Reiffel, Charles Fries, and a portrait of Franklin Delano Roosevelt by Donald Armand Luscomb.[1]

Artwork

A sculpture fountain, Guardian of Water (1939), by Donal Hord, stands on the harbor side of the building. Murals inside the building are by Arthur Ames and Jean Goodwin; they are painted with egg tempera, a popular water medium used in Italy in the 13th-15th centuries.[1]

Waterfront Park

In May 2014, the 12-acre (4.9 ha) County Administration Center Waterfront Park opened on both the north and south sides of the building, formerly surface parking lots. The Waterfront Park, more than a decade in the making, contains open grassy areas, gardens planted with drought-tolerant flowers on the north side, and picnic areas, a playground with colorful swings and slides, and an interactive water fountain on the south side.[8][9]

Gallery

• 
  Detail of west entrance
• 
  Closeup of headstone on mosaic, west entrance
• 
  County Building, west facade
• 
  County Building, seen from across Harbor Drive
• 
  Fountains, Waterfront Park
• 
  Playground, Waterfront Park
• 
  Building lit in Los Angeles Lakers shortly after the death of Kobe Bryant

References

1. Bridging the Centuries, San Diego County Government website
2. The Journal of San Diego History, SAN DIEGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY QUARTERLY, Winter 2002, Volume 48, Number 1, "CIVIL ENGINEERING FOR BUILDINGS", Thomas G. Atkinson
3. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
4. "National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet". United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
5. "Important Events in the City of San Diego's History". City of San Diego. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
6. "The County Administration Center". County of San Diego. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
7. "Your County Government Services". County of San Diego. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
8. "New Waterfront Park Opens to Public", NBC7 San Diego, May 12, 2014
9. "CAC Waterfront Park", San Diego County website Archived 2014-05-05 at the Wayback Machine