Sandow Power Plant

Sandow Power Plant was a 1.1-gigawatt (1,137 MW) coal power plant located southwest of Rockdale, Texas in Milam County, Texas. It was operated by Luminant, a subsidiary of Vistra Energy. The plant closed in 2018.

Sandow Power Plant
CountryUnited States
LocationRockdale, Texas
Coordinates30°33′51″N 97°3′50″W
StatusDecommissioned
Commission dateUnits 1–3: 1954
Unit 4: 1981
Unit 5: 2009
Decommission dateUnits 1–3: 2009
Units 4–5: January, 2018
Owner(s)Luminant
Thermal power station
Primary fuelCoal
Cooling sourceAlcoa Lake
Power generation
Units operational2
Nameplate capacity1,137 MW

Sandow Power Plant Units 1–3

Sandow was constructed by Alcoa in 1951 to power its nearby aluminium smelting facility.[1] Operations of Sandow's first three units began in 1954 with a nearby reservoir called Alcoa Lake utilized to cool the plant.[2] In the 1980s, Alcoa commenced a mid-life update to Units 1–3 at a cost of $63 million. After its completion, pollution from the plant increased by 13,000 tons annually. A settlement with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was agreed upon in 2003 to remedy the plant for violating the Clear Air Act.[3] Ultimately, Units 1–3 would be decommissioned in 2009.[4]

Sandow Power Plant Units 4–5

The plant had two active units at the time of its closure: Unit 4 began operation in 1981 and Unit 5 began operation in 2009.[5] The power plant used lignite from the Three Oaks Mine in nearby Bastrop County, Texas.[6] Unit 4 was retrofitted with a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system by Fluor in 2008 to reduce nitrogen oxide (NO
x ) emissions.[7] Transmission of electricity to the nearby aluminum smelter stopped in 2008 when Alcoa ceased smelting operations at its Rockdale facility and accused Luminant of power supply issues.[8] It was announced on October 13, 2017 that Luminant would shut down Sandow Power Plant in early-2018 due to economic factors such as low natural gas prices and growth in renewable energy.[9] The Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) approved of the shut down the following month.[10] ERCOT found the plant was "not required to support ERCOT transmission system reliability," and closed by January 11, 2018.[11]

See also

References
  1. "Power Plant Construction Activity Now Under Way". The Rockdale Reporter and Messenger. November 22, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved January 13, 2018 – via https://texashistory.unt.edu/.
  2. "Power Plant in Operation at Alcoa Rockdale Works". The Rockdale Reporter and Messenger. January 21, 1954. p. 1. Retrieved January 13, 2018 – via https://texashistory.unt.edu/.
  3. "U. S. Announces Clean Air Act Coal-fired Power Plant Settlement with Alcoa - Settlement Will Reduce Nitrogen Oxide and Sulfur Dioxide Emissions from Facility by More than 90 Percent". U.S. EPA. April 9, 2003. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
  4. "Luminant Texas Sandow coal unit seen back in service". Reuters. July 12, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
  5. "Sandow Power Plant". Luminant. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  6. Koenig, Allan (October 13, 2017). "Luminant to Close Two Texas Power Plants" (PDF). Luminant. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  7. "Fluor to provide air quality upgrades". Power Engineering. April 17, 2008. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  8. "Alcoa stops aluminum production at Texas smelter". Reuters. September 30, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  9. "Vistra Energy to close two more Texas coal plants". Houston Chronicle. October 13, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  10. Handy, Ryan Maye (November 20, 2017). "Layoffs on way as grid operator approves coal plant closures". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
  11. "ERCOT OKs Vistra's plan to retire 2,400 MW coal capacity in Texas". S&P Global Platts. November 6, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
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