Sarid

Sarid (Hebrew: שָׂרִיד‎) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located near Migdal HaEmek, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2019 it had a population of 883.[1]

This article is about the kibbutz. For other uses, see Sarid (disambiguation).
Sarid
Sarid
Coordinates: 32°39′47″N 35°13′33″E
CountryIsrael
DistrictNorthern
CouncilJezreel Valley
AffiliationKibbutz Movement
Founded1926
Founded byEastern European immigrants
Population
 (2019)[1]
883
Websitewww.sarid.org.il

History

Ottoman-era village of Khanâfis

During the Ottoman era a Muslim village called Ikhneifis (also Khanâfis and other versions), meaning "beetles", stood at the site of present Sarid.[2] Kneffis, and the neighbouring towns and villages of Nazareth, Mejdal, Yafa, Jebatha and Ma'alul, paid taxes to the monks of Nazareth, who bought the right to collect these taxes from the Ottoman authorities in 1777 for two hundred dollars. Thirty years later, they again purchased this right, though this time for two thousands five hundred dollars, owing to the rise in the price of cereals and ground rents.[3] A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place, named as Karm Ennefiiceh.[4]

In 1838, Ukhneifis or Khuneifis was noted as a village in the Nazareth District.[5][6]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) found at Ikhneifis the "ruin of a tower built by Daher el-Omar about a century ago (1162 A.H.)."[7] A population list from about 1887 showed that Ikhneifis had about 40 Muslim inhabitants.[8] Gottlieb Schumacher, as part of surveying for the construction of the Jezreel Valley railway, noted in 1900 that Ikhneifis was a “flourishing village”, consisting of 52 huts and 230 inhabitants, and that the place was the property of the Sursocks, of Beirut.[9]

Moshe Dayan mentioned it as an example of "there is not one place built in this country which did not have a former Arab population".[10]

The Arab village

At the time of the 1922 census of Palestine "Ikhnaifes" had a population of 39, 38 Muslims and 1 Orthodox Christian.[11][12]

The Jewish kibbutz
Sarid 1931
Sarid 1936

The kibbutz was established by Jewish immigrants from Czechoslovakia, Poland and Soviet Union in 1926, on lands purchased from the village of Khuneifis. The land was sold by the Sursock family, its absentee landlords.[13][14][15] The name was taken from the biblical city of Sarid, situated in the southern part of the tribe of Zebulun (Joshua 19:10). The ancient city is thought to be located in nearby Tel Shadud.[16] By the 1931 census, Sarid had a population of 69, 3 Muslims and 65 Jews, in 9 houses.[17]

Economy

In the 1950s the kibbutz established Camel Grinding Wheels (CGW), which now has three plants for the manufacture of cutting discs, grinding wheels and coated abrasives.[18] One of the more profitable branches was the kibbutz dairy.[19]

Notable residents

The poets Natan Yonatan[20] and Pinchas Sadeh[21] and the politicians Natan Peled[22] and Shlomo Rosen[23] were members of the kibbutz. The later Austrian president Heinz Fischer spent a voluntary year (1963) in the kibbutz.[24]

References
  1. "Population in the Localities 2019" (XLS). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  2. Palmer, 1881, p. 146
  3. De Haas, 1934, p. 361
  4. Karmon, 1960, p. 167.
  5. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 132
  6. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. 167
  7. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 54
  8. Schumacher, 1888, p. 184
  9. Schumacher, 1900, p. 358
  10. Dayan called the Arab village "Haneifs". Cited in Rogan and Shlaim, 2001, p. 207
  11. Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Nazareth, p. 38
  12. Barron, 1923, Table XVI, p. 50
  13. Stein, 1987, p. 60
  14. 9,000 dunams in Kneifis, with 60 families living there, according to List of villages sold by Sursocks and their partners to the Zionists since British occupation of Palestine, evidence to the Shaw Commission, 1930
  15. Grootkerk, 2000, p. 280
  17. Mills, 1932, p. 76
  18. About Kibbutz Sarid
  19. Stress, Culture, and Community: The Psychology and Philosophy of Stress, S.E. Hobfoll
  21. Hebrew book review. Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature. 1965. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
  22. Natan Peled, Knesset
  23. Shlomo Rosen, Knesset
  24. Cashman, Greer Fay (December 15, 2008). "Austrian president vows to bring up Schalit case with Assad". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved April 30, 2019.

Bibliography
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