Science SARU

Science SARU Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社サイエンスSARU, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Saiensu SARU) is a Japanese animation studio headquartered in Kichijōji, Tokyo. Established on February 4, 2013 by producer Eunyoung Choi and director Masaaki Yuasa,[1] the studio has produced three feature films and four animated series, as well as episodes of series for other studios. Science SARU's first release was the Food Chain episode of the American animated series Adventure Time (2014);[3] its most recent project is the Netflix animated series Japan Sinks (2020).[4]

Science SARU Inc.
Native name
株式会社サイエンスSARU
Kabushiki-gaisha Saiensu SARU
TypeKabushiki gaisha
IndustryMotion pictures
Television
FoundedFebruary 4, 2013 (2013-02-04) in Tokyo, Japan[1]
Founders
Headquarters
Tokyo
,
Japan
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Eunyoung Choi
(President and CEO)[2]
ProductsAnimated feature films
Animated series
Number of employees
41 (2020)
Websitewww.sciencesaru.com

The studio's work has received critical acclaim both within Japan and internationally, winning awards from Annecy,[5] the Japan Academy Film Prize,[6] the Mainichi Film Awards,[7] and the Japan Media Arts Festival.[8]

Science SARU utilizes a hybrid animation production method which combines hand-drawn and digital animation (including Flash animation), a technique not previously used in Japanese animation.[9] The studio is currently led by Eunyoung Choi (President and CEO).[2]

Name

The studio's name Science SARU translates into English as "Science Monkey".[10] Company co-founder Masaaki Yuasa frequently drew himself as a monkey in self-portraits, but wanted his company to be smarter than a monkey; as a result, he added the word Science in front of SARU with the intent of having a company that possesses both instinct and intelligence.[11]

Co-founder Eunyoung Choi further described the meaning behind the name:

"We thought about a lot of possible names for the studio... Science is like logic, business, numbers, plans, technology, and new tools. On the other hand, ‘SARU’ means monkey in Japanese. As animators, we put in creativity, intuition, art, enjoying moments and being playful… a kind of ‘monkeying around.’ We want to keep these personalities in Science SARU. Thus, we wanted to create a balance. ‘Science’ is in English, which highlights being international, and ‘SARU’ in Japanese maintains traditional anime."[10]

History

Founding

Science SARU was founded on February 4, 2013 by Masaaki Yuasa and Eunyoung Choi.[1] Yuasa and Choi had previously worked together on numerous projects,[12] and Choi had prior experience leading Ankama Japan, a studio which utilized similar digital animation production techniques and employed a multinational staff.[13][14][15] The creation of the studio was proposed by Choi during the making of the short film Kick-Heart (2013),[10] which was the first large-scale Japanese animated project to be successfully crowdfunded on Kickstarter.[16] The studio's first official production under the Science SARU name was an episode of the American Adventure Time animated series entitled Food Chain (2014), on which Yuasa worked as director, writer, and storyboard artist; Choi served as co-director.[1] By July 2014, the studio was also recognized for creating the digital animation for Yuasa's animated series Ping Pong the Animation (2014).[17]

Science SARU's first production location was a small suburban house converted into an impromptu animation studio. By the end of 2013, the company had expanded to a staff of five, including Yuasa, Choi, and Abel Góngora, a former member of Ankama Japan;[10][18] the studio's first productions began with this small crew.[9]

Production technique and studio environment

Science SARU utilizes a combination of traditional hand drawn animation and digital animation created using multiple software programs, including Adobe Animate. The studio refers to its animation production method and resultant style as 'digitally assisted animation.' When utilizing 'digitally assisted animation', the initial animation work, called key animation (where the key poses of movement are established), is drawn by hand, and then recreated digitally for the stages of inbetween animation (used to create smooth movement by filling in the gaps between keyframe poses), as well as for coloring.[9] The advantage of this production technique is increased efficiency, allowing projects to be completed faster and with a smaller crew;[9][19] the small team focus allows for a strong understanding of the director's artistic vision.[19] This approach to animation production has won praise from creators and industry publications.[17]

Science SARU's diversity is also unique among Japanese animation studios: it employs a multicultural animation staff. According to Choi, staff are chosen based on skill regardless of national origin, and the inclusion of global perspectives helps create more well-rounded stories.[19][20]

Early work as a subcontractor

Science SARU began its corporate activities by taking on subcontracting work, as well as by collaborating with other studios on projects. The studio's first project was the Adventure Time episode Food Chain (2014). The episode was produced entirely in-house, and Yuasa and Choi were given free reign by series creator Pendleton Ward to develop the episode as they saw fit.[21] The episode received critical acclaim,[22][23][24] and was nominated for an Annie Award and at Annecy.[25] Another early highlight was Yuasa's television series Ping Pong the Animation (2014); Science SARU provided 'digitally assisted' animation production services,[26] while Tatsunoko Production served as the primary studio.[27] The series won the Grand Prize for Television Animation at the Tokyo Anime Awards Festival; additionally, character designer Nobutake Itō won Best Animator award for individual achievement.[28] Ping Pong the Animation was subsequently highlighted as one of the best Japanese animated series of the decade.[29][30][31][32] Science SARU also provided production assistance on a pair of episodes of the Bones television series Space Dandy (2014); the episodes were directed by Choi (episode 9: "Plants Are Living Things, Too, Baby")[33] and Yuasa (episode 16: "Slow and Steady Wins the Race, Baby"),[34] and both received critical acclaim.[35][36][37][38]

Additional subcontracting work included opening credits animation for several of the animated Garo series (2014-15; 2017-18);[39][40] animation assistance for Yo-kai Watch: The Movie (2014),[41] a pair of Crayon Shin-chan films (2014, 2015),[42][43] and Typhoon Noruda (2015);[44] and animation production for the promotional mini-series What's Debikuro? (2014),[26][45] the music video Song of Four Seasons (2015),[26] promotional episodes for the American animated series OK K.O.!: Let's Be Heroes (2015-17),[26] and a Disney XD station ID created in cooperation with artist Daron Nefcy (2016).[26]

Move to feature films

By early 2016, Science SARU had gained experience and built a name in the industry; while still a small team, the company was ready to undertake its first large-scale project. The studio's first feature film production, the family-friendly fantasy film Lu Over the Wall (2017), was produced in less than 16 months using 'digitally assisted' animation techniques.[9] Yuasa directed and co-wrote Lu Over the Wall; it was his first feature film with an original story.[46] During the production of Lu Over the Wall, Yuasa and Science SARU were offered the opportunity to produce a second feature film, the comedy romance The Night Is Short, Walk On Girl (2017), based on the novel by Tomihiko Morimi.[47] Prior to the establishment of Science SARU, Yuasa had directed a television series adaptation of Morimi's novel The Tatami Galaxy (2010);[48] Yuasa had originally hoped to adapt The Night is Short, Walk On Girl immediately after that production, but was unable to at the time. When he was offered the opportunity in 2016, he immediately agreed. This resulted in the pre-production work on The Night is Short, Walk On Girl overlapping with the post-production of Lu Over the Wall.[49] Although Lu Over the Wall was completed first, it was released after The Night is Short, Walk On Girl; this was in part due to a marketing suggestion that it might be preferable for the studio's first film to be based on a pre-existing property familiar to Japanese audiences.[50]

Both Lu Over the Wall and The Night is Short, Walk On Girl received immediate critical acclaim. Lu Over the Wall received the Annecy Cristal du long métrage,[5][9] the Mainichi Film Awards' Ōfuji Noburō Award,[7] and the Japan Media Arts Festival Grand Prize for Animation.[8] The Night is Short, Walk On Girl was awarded the Japan Academy Film Prize for Animation of the Year,[6] the Ottawa International Animation Festival Grand Prize for Best Animated Feature,[51] and has been listed as one of the best Japanese animated films of the decade.[52][53][54]

International focus and recent developments

2018 was the year that saw Science SARU, and in particular Masaaki Yuasa, achieve international recognition and prominence.[55] Lu Over the Wall and The Night is Short, Walk On Girl, as well as Yuasa's pre-Science SARU feature film Mind Game (film) (2004), were licensed for North American distribution by GKIDS.[56] Most significant to Science SARU's growing popularity was the Netflix release of Yuasa's animated series Devilman crybaby (2018), based on the manga by Go Nagai.[57] Devilman crybaby was an immediate and massive international hit;[58][59] with 90% of its viewers outside Japan, the series achieved the largest global audience for the studio to that date.[60] The series inspired internet memes,[7][61] was profiled by YouTuber PewDiePie,[62] and was widely discussed on Twitter.[63] The series won the Crunchyroll Anime Awards for Anime of the Year and Director of the Year,[64] was cited by Vulture as containing one of the 100 most influential sequences in global animation history,[65] and was listed as one of the best Japanese animated series of the decade.[29][30][31][66][67]

In 2019, Science SARU produced Yuasa's next feature film, the romance Ride Your Wave (2019). An original story,[68] the film received the studio's best reviews to date,[69] was nominated at Annecy and the Mainichi Film Awards,[70][71] and won Best Animated Feature Film awards at the Shanghai International Film Festival, Fantasia International Film Festival, and Sitges Film Festival.[72][73][74] Also in 2019, Science SARU produced the series Super Shiro (2019), an installment of the popular Crayon Shin-chan franchise created by Yoshito Usui. The series was directed by Yuasa and veteran animator Tomohisa Shimoyama (making his directorial debut). Yuasa's involvement was the culmination of a long association with Crayon Shin-chan, having first animated for the franchise in the 1990s.[75][76] The end of the year saw the 2010s heralded as Masaaki Yuasa's "breakout decade";[77][78] collectively, Devilman crybaby and the release of Yuasa's films in the United States led to him being highlighted as one of the most important and exciting directors in animation.[7][60][79]

In 2020, Science SARU produced the comedy television series Keep Your Hands Off Eizouken! (2020). Directed by Yuasa and based on the manga by Sumito Ōwara,[80] the series boosted sales of the original manga,[81] inspired internet memes,[82][83] won the Japanese Broadcast Critics Association's monthly Galaxy Award,[84] received critical acclaim as one of the best Japanese animated series of both the season and the year at large,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91] was nominated in 10 categories at the Crunchyroll Anime Awards,[92] and was recognized by The New York Times and The New Yorker as one of the best television series of 2020.[93][94] Later that year, Science SARU produced the Netflix series Japan Sinks: 2020 (2020), based on the disaster novel by Sakyo Komatsu. Yuasa directed in conjunction with Pyeon-Gang Ho (making her directorial debut).[4] The series attracted criticism within Japan for its condemnation of Japanese nationalism,[95] but also received positive attention for its multiculturalism and inclusiveness,[20] received 2 nominations at the Crunchyroll Anime Awards,[92] and was named as one of the best anime series of 2020.[89] A film compilation version of the series was subsequently released in Japanese theaters in November 2020.[96]

On March 25, 2020, Masaaki Yuasa stepped down as president and representative director of Science SARU. Yuasa cited his desire to take a rest from directing after seven years of continuous work, but reaffirmed his commitment to completing additional projects with Science SARU in the future.[97] Eunyoung Choi subsequently became CEO and president of the studio. She likewise affirmed Yuasa's continued involvement with the company as a creator,[2] and noted that the studio will look to develop additional projects with other directors.[20][98] During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, Science SARU was able to adjust quickly and continue production,[20][99] despite much of the Japanese animation industry being affected.[100] In October 2020, Science SARU entered into a non-exclusive strategic partnership with Netflix covering the development of new series and content.[101]

Science SARU's current project is Masaaki Yuasa's latest film, the musical drama Inu-Oh (2021). Based on the novel by Hideo Furukawa, the film will feature character designs by Ping Pong creator Taiyō Matsumoto, and has been licensed for North American theatrical and home-video distribution by GKIDS.[102]

Works

For the purposes of the list below, all films and series upon which Science SARU worked are listed. Titles which Science SARU produced or co-produced are shaded in grey; titles for which the studio served as a subcontractor are shaded in yellow.

Feature films
Year Title Director(s) Screenwriter(s) Producer(s) Music RT Notes
2014 Crayon Shin-chan: Intense Battle! Robo Dad Strikes Back Wataru Takahashi Kazuki Nakashima Kensuke Suzuki, Takahiro Kishimoto, Tomoharu Matsuhisa & Yuki Yoshida Shinji Miyazaki & Toshiyuki Arakawa N/A Animation assistance ("Giant Hiroshi Robot Battle" Sequence); primary studio was Shin-Ei Animation[42]
Yo-kai Watch: The Movie Shigeharu Takahashi & Shinji Ushiro Yoichi Kato Izumi Furusawa, Kiyofumi Kajiwara & Makoto Wada Ken'ichirō Saigō 80%[103] Animation assistance; primary studio was OLM[26][41]
2015 Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! Masakazu Hashimoto Kimiko Ueno Hiromi Nakaseko, Kensuke Suzuki, Masashi Yagi, Yuki Yoshida Kazuhiko Sawaguchi & Toshiyuki Arakawa N/A Animation assistance; primary studio was Shin-Ei Animation[43]
Typhoon Noruda Yōjirō Arai N/A Noriko Ozaki & Katsuhiro Takei Masashi Hamauzu N/A Key animation; primary studio was Studio Colorido[44]
2017 The Night Is Short, Walk On Girl Masaaki Yuasa Makoto Ueda Jūnosuke Itō, Noriko Ozaki & Eunyoung Choi (animation producer) Michiru Ōshima 90%[104] Based on the novel written by Tomihiko Morimi and illustrated by Yusuke Nakamura[47]
Lu Over the Wall Yuasa & Reiko Yoshida Jūnosuke Itō, Yuka Okayasu & Eunyoung Choi (animation producer) Takatsugu Muramatsu 78%[105] Original story[46]
2019 Ride Your Wave Reiko Yoshida Eunyoung Choi & Yuka Okayasu Michiru Ōshima 93%[69] Original story[68]
2020 Japan Sinks: 2020 Theatrical Edition Toshio Yoshitaka Eunyoung Choi (animation producer) Kensuke Ushio N/A Compilation film of the series of the same name; based on the novel written by Sakyo Komatsu[106]
2021 Inu-Oh Akiko Nogi TBA TBA TBA Based on the novel written by Hideo Furukawa[107]

Animated series
Year Title Director(s) Screenwriter(s) Producer(s) Music RT Notes
2014 Adventure Time: Food Chain Masaaki Yuasa & Eunyoung Choi (co-art director) Yuasa Choi & Yuasa Soichi Terada N/A Episode of the series created by Pendleton Ward and produced by Cartoon Network; produced in-house by Science SARU[21]
Ping Pong The Animation Masaaki Yuasa Yuasa (series composition & screenplay) Yuka Okayasu, Yōhei Shintaku & Tsutomu Fujio (animation producer) Kensuke Ushio N/A Based on the manga written and illustrated by Taiyō Matsumoto; 'digitally assisted' animation produced in cooperation with Tatsunoko Production[26][27]
Space Dandy Shinichirō Watanabe (chief director) & Shingo Natsume
Eunyoung Choi (episode 9) & Masaaki Yuasa (episode 16)		 Choi (episode 9) & Yuasa (episode 16) Hirofumi Inagaki, Hirotsugu Ogisu, Masahiko Minami, Motoki Mukaichi, Yukako Inoue & Yukihiro Ito Hiroyuki Namba, KenKen, Tucker, Noriyoshi Sasanuma, Yasuyuki Okamura & Dokaka (episode 9)
Taku Takahashi, Mountain Mocha Kilimanjaro, Tucker, Latin Quarters & Yoko Kanno (episode 16)		 83%[108] Production cooperation (episode 9 uncredited; episode 16 credited); primary studio was Bones[33][34]
What's Debikuro? - Promotional Episodes Eunyoung Choi (episodes 1-3) Mitsuru Kurosumi (episodes 1-3) N/A N/A N/A Promotional episodes for the live-action film Miracle: Devil Claus' Love and Magic[26][45]
2014-15 Garo: The Animation Yūichirō Hayashi Yasuko Kobayashi (series composition) Takahiro Suzuki monaca N/A Animation (opening credit sequence 2); primary studio was MAPPA[39]
2016-17 OK K.O.!: Let's Be Heroes - Promotional Episodes Abel Góngora & Juan Manuel Laguna (episodes 1, 4, 8) Toby Jones & Stu Livingston (episode 1), Ryann Shannon (episodes 4, 8) N/A N/A N/A Promotional episodes of the series created by Ian Jones-Quartey and produced by Cartoon Network; animation production services (episodes 1, 4, 8)[26]
2017-18 Garo: Vanishing Line Seong Hoo Park Kiyoko Yoshimura (series composition) N/A monaca N/A Animation (opening credit sequences 1 & 2); primary studio was MAPPA[40]
2018 Devilman Crybaby Masaaki Yuasa Ichirō Ōkouchi (series composition & screenplay) Ichinao Nagai, Yōhei Shintaku & Eunyoung Choi (animation producer) Kensuke Ushio 89%[109] Based on the manga written and illustrated by Go Nagai[57]
2019-20 Super Shiro Masaaki Yuasa, Tomohisa Shimoyama (chief director) Kimiko Ueno (series composition) Eunyoung Choi, Takanobu Sano, Kensuke Suzuki, Rika Tsurusaki & Yuki Yoshida Kenta Higashiohji & Akifumi Tada N/A Inspired by the manga and anime series Crayon Shin-chan created by Yoshito Usui[110]
2020 Keep Your Hands Off Eizouken! Masaaki Yuasa Yuasa (series composition), Yūichirō Kido (screenplay) Eunyoung Choi, Junya Okamoto, Jun Sakata & Shinya Tsuruoka Oorutaichi N/A Based on the manga written and illustrated by Sumito Ōwara[80]
Japan Sinks: 2020 Masaaki Yuasa, Pyeon-Gang Ho (series director) Toshio Yoshitaka (series composition) Eunyoung Choi, Kazuhito Matsushima, Noriyasu Ueki & Kensuke Zushi Kensuke Ushio 72%[111] Based on the novel written by Sakyo Komatsu[4]

Awards and acclaim

Science SARU's projects have received significant global acclaim. The studio's works have been recognized by the Annecy International Animated Film Festival (1 win, 2 nominations),[5][25][70] the Japan Academy Film Prize Association (1 win),[6] the Mainichi Film Awards (1 win, 1 nomination),[7][71] the Japan Media Arts Festival (1 win, 3 jury selections),[8][112][113] the Tokyo Anime Awards (2 wins),[28] the Crunchyroll Anime Awards (2 wins, 18 nominations),[64][114][115] the Ottawa International Animation Festival (1 win, 1 nomination),[116] the Shanghai International Film Festival (1 win, 1 nomination)[72][117] the Sitges Film Festival (1 win, 2 nominations),[74][118] the Fantasia International Film Festival (1 gold, 1 silver, 1 bronze),[73][119] and the Annie Awards (1 nomination).[25]

Staff

Current company members
  • Eunyoung Choi (Founder, President & CEO)
  • Abel Góngora (Creative Team Director, Flash Animation Chief)

Associated creators

References
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