Sharpbelly

The sharpbelly or wild carp, Korean sharpbelly, or common sawbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus), is a tropical freshwater and brackish water fish belonging to the Cultrinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in large streams and reservoirs in China, Taiwan, Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, and the Amur River basin. It has become established as an exotic species in several other countries, including Iran, Afghanistan, and the former Soviet Union, where it has displaced local species. It was originally described as Culter leucisculus by S. Basilewsky in 1855, and has also been referred to as Chanodichthys leucisculus and Hemiculter leucisculus warpachowskii in scientific literature.

Sharpbelly
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Subfamily: Cultrinae
Genus: Hemiculter
Species:
H. leucisculus
Binomial name
Hemiculter leucisculus
(Basilewsky, 1855)
Synonyms[1]
  • Chanodichthys leucisculus (Basilewsky, 1855)
  • Culter leucisculus Basilewsky, 1855
  • Cultriculus akoensis Oshima, 1920
  • Hemiculter eigenmanni (Jordan & Metz, 1913)
  • Hemiculter schrencki Warpachowski, 1888
  • Hemiculter clupeoides Nichols, 1925
  • Hemiculter kneri Warpachowski, 1887
  • Hemiculterella eigenmanni Jordan & Metz, 1913
  • Hemicultur clupeoides Nichols, 1925
  • Kendallia goldsboroughi Evermann & Shaw, 1927
  • Parapelecus eigenmanni Jordan & Metz, 1913
  • Squaliobarbus annamiticus Tirant, 1883

The fish reaches a size up to 23.0 cm (9.1 in) long, and is native to fresh and brackish water habitats with a pH of 7.0, a hardness of 15 DH, and a temperature of 18 to 22 °C (64 to 72 °F). It is green-gray on the back, and white in the belly.

The bulk of its diet includes zooplankton, insects, crustaceans, algae, and detritus. It is of minor commercial importance, primarily in China, where it is canned. In Hong Kong, it is not favored as a table fish because the flesh is unpalatable and very bony.

Parasites
The monogenean Paradiplozoon hemiculteri

As most fish species, the sharpbelly harbours several species of parasites. One of them is Paradiplozoon hemiculteri, a monogenean living on the gills.[2] This species is special in that the two hermaphroditic members of the couple are united for life.

References
  1. Thinh, D.V.; Van, N.S. & Nguyen, T.H.T. (2012). "Hemiculter leucisculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T166193A1118671. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T166193A1118671.en.
  2. Jirsová, Dagmar; Ding, Xuejuan; Civáňová, Kristína; Jirounková, Eliška; Ilgová, Jana; Koubková, Božena; Kašný, Martin; Gelnar, Milan (2018). "Redescription of Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from the type host Hemiculter leucisculus, with neotype designation". Parasite. 25: 4. doi:10.1051/parasite/2018004. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 5806537. PMID 29424339.


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