Siege of Jinju (1593)

The Second Siege of Jinju was a battle during 1593 in Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea at Jinju Fort. It occurred from 20 July to 27 July and ended in the massacre of the entire garrison and a substantial portion of the entire population. This became the origin of the Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival in Uwajima, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.

The Second Siege of Jinju
Part of Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea
Date20 - 27 July 1593
Location
Jinju castle, Korea
Result Japanese victory
Belligerents
Japan Joseon
Commanders and leaders
Katō Kiyomasa
Ukita Hideie
Kuroda Nagamasa
Tachibana Muneshige
Kobayakawa Takakage
Mōri Hidemoto
Kikkawa Hiroie		 Gim Cheonil †
Hwang Jin †
Seo Yeweon †
Strength
90,000[1] 4,000+[1]
Casualties and losses
13,000+[2] 20,000-60,000 (including civilians)[3]

Background

The Japanese arrived at Jinju on 20 July 1593 with 90,000 troops with reinforcements from Japan. [4]

Battle

The Japanese began on 20 July 1593. First they destroyed the edges of the dikes surrounding Jinju to drain the moat, then they advanced on the fortress with bamboo shields. The Koreans fired on them and repelled the attack.[5]

On 22 July the Japanese tried again with siege towers, but they were destroyed by cannon fire.[6]

On 24 July the Japanese were able to successfully mine a section of the outer wall under mobile shelters.[3]

On 27 July the Japanese attacked the weakened area of the wall, and with the aid of a rainstorm, were able to dislodge its foundations. The fortress was quickly taken.[3]

Aftermath

Like after most Japanese victories in largely populated areas, there was a massacre. The Japanese reported more than 20,000 heads taken, more than all the combatants on the Korean side, while Korean records state 60,000 were killed, essentially the entire population. The Japanese then retreated to Busan.[3]

Citations
  1. Turnbull 2008, p. 67.
  2. Swope 2009, p. 175.
  3. Turnbull 2008, p. 71.
  4. Turnbull 2008, p. 68.
  5. Turnbull 2008, p. 69.
  6. Turnbull 2008, p. 70.

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