Simón Bolívar (Tadolini)

Simon Bolivar, also known as General Bolivar,[1] is a bronze equestrian statue of Simón Bolívar by Adamo Tadolini. There are three casts which are located at the Plaza Bolívar in Lima, the Plaza Bolívar in Caracas and the United Nations Plaza in San Francisco, California.

Simon Bolivar
The statue in San Francisco in 2013
ArtistAdamo Tadolini
Year1984 (1984) (San Francisco)
TypeSculpture
MediumBronze
SubjectSimón Bolívar
LocationLima, Peru (1850s); Caracas, Venezuela (1870s); San Francisco, United States of America
Coordinates37.7798°N 122.4150°W / 37.7798; -122.4150

The statue in Lima, which was made in Italy in the 1850s, is the oldest of the three. It was cast in Munich and the replica in Caracas was cast by the same foundry after the sculptor's death. The copy in San Francisco was engineered by Miriam Gandica Mora, cast by Victor Hugo Barrenchea-Villegas and dedicated in December 1984.

Description

Adamo Tadolini's sculpture depicts Simón Bolívar atop his rearing horse. Bolívar is dressed in military attire, including a decorated coat and a flowing cape.[1] Other accessories include tall boots, epaulets and a sash. He has a sheathed sword over his left thigh, and he holds his hat on the right side of his body.[1]

Tadolini was the pupil of the sculptor Canova, and is usually seen as working in the same neoclassical tradition. It has been suggested that the Bolívar statue was inspired by Jacques Louis David's famous painting of Napoleon Crossing the Alps.[2] One problem Tadolini had to face, unlike the painter, was of statics: representing the horse with raised legs could cause stability problems due to the excessive weight of the bronze being supported by two legs and a tail. The Bronze Horseman by Étienne Maurice Falconet, which overcomes a similar problem, can also be seen as a forerunner of Tadolini's statue.

Locations

Lima

The statue was sculpted in Rome and cast in Munich. The pedestal was completed in marble in Rome.[2]

Caracas

On 7 November 1874, the statue was inaugurated in the center of the Plaza Bolívar with the ringing of bells and a 21 gun salute.

The Venezuelan president at the time, Antonio Guzmán Blanco, was an admirer of Bolívar. Among other measures he purchased Bolívar's birthplace (near the location of the statue) and adopted the bolívar, defined on the silver standard, as the country's currency.

San Francisco

The San Francisco copy was engineered by Miriam Gandica Mora and cast by Victor Hugo Barrenchea-Villegas.[1] It was dedicated on December 6, 1984. Located at United Nations Plaza at the intersection of Hyde Street and Fulton Street, the sculpture is administered by the City and County of San Francisco and the San Francisco Arts Commission.[1] The statue was surveyed by the Smithsonian Institution's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program in 1992.[1]

  • Napoleon at the Saint-Bernard Pass (1801). This painting, which exists in several versions, was a possible source of inspiration for Tadolini.
  • Plaza Bolívar, Lima, with the Our Lady of Charity church in the 1800s.
  • Plaza Bolívar, Caracas
  • Caracas version of the statue
  • Equestrian statue by Joseph A. Bailly of Guzmán Blanco, under whose presidency the Bolívar statue was erected in Caracas.
  • Statue of Simon Bolivar at UN Plaza, San Francisco

See also

References
  1. "Simon Bolivar, (sculpture)". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
  2. Callirgos (2007). "Reinventing the city of the kings: postcolonial modernizations of Lima" (PDF). Retrieved 31 July 2015.
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