Simaria block

Simaria is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Simaria subdivision of the Chatra district, Jharkhand state, India.

Simaria

Simariya
Community development block
Simaria
Location in Jharkhand, India
Simaria
Simaria (India)
Coordinates: 24.0619°N 84.9360°E / 24.0619; 84.9360
Country India
StateJharkhand
DistrictChatra
CD blockSimaria
Government
 • TypeFedral democracy
Area
 • Total512.48 km2 (197.87 sq mi)
Elevation
537 m (1,762 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total107,871
 • Density210/km2 (550/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
825103 (Simaria)
Telephone/STD code06559
Vehicle registrationJH-13
Literacy63.40%
Lok Sabha constituencyChatra
Vidhan Sabha constituencySimaria
Websitechatra.nic.in

Overview

Chatra district forms a part of the Upper Hazaribagh Plateau, Lower Hazaribagh Plateau and northern scarp. Located at an elevation of about 450 metres (1,476 ft), the general slope of the district is from north to south. Red laterite acidic soil predominates in an area that is primarily dependent upon rain-fed agriculture. Around 60% of the district is covered with forests. The district has a population density of 275 persons per km2. Around two-thirds of the families in the district live below poverty line.[1] In the extreme south of the district some portions of Tandwa CD Block are part of North Karanpura Coalfield.[2]

Maoist activities

Jharkhand is one of the states affected by Maoist activities. As of 2012, Chatra was one of the 14 highly affected districts in the state. 5 persons were killed in Chatra district in 2012, but Maoist activities, such as arms training camps and organisation of ‘Jan Adalats’ (kangaroo courts) were on the decline.[3]

As of 2016, Chatra was identified as one of the 13 focus areas by the state police to check Maoist activities.[4]

Geography

Simaria Kalan is located at 24°03′43″N 84°56′10″E. It has an average elevation of 537 metres (1,762 ft).[5]

Simaria CD block is bounded by Chatra and Pathalgada CD blocks in the north, Katkamdag and Barkagaon CD blocks, in Hazaribagh district, in the east, Keredari CD block in Hazaribagh district, Tandwa CD block, and Bariyatu CD block in Latehar district, in the south and Lawalong CD block in the west.[6]

Simaria CD block has an area of 512.48 km2.[7]Simaria police station serves this block.[8] The headquarters of Simaria CD block is at Simaria village.[9]

There are 17 panchayats and 100 villages in Simaria CD block.[1]

Gram panchayats of Simaria CD block/ panchayat samiti are: Chope, Pundra, Pagar, Sabano, Bagra, Srendag, Kasari, Jabra, Jirwa Khurd, Banasadi, Edla, Piri, Dadi, Ichak, Hurnali, Jangi and Banhe.[1]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Simaria CD block had a total population of 107,871, all of which were rural. There were 54,855 (51%) males and 53,016 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 19,129. Scheduled Castes numbered 32,496 (30.12%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 8,761 (8.12%).[10]

Simaria Khurd had a population of 1,055 and Simaria Kalan had a population of 2,412 in 2011.[10]

Literacy

As per the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Simaria CD block was 56,262 (63.40% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 32,846 (72.63% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 23,416 (44.18% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 28.45%.[10]

As per the 2011 census, literacy in Chatra district was 60.18% [11] Literacy in Jharkhand (for population over 7 years) was 66.41% in 2011.[12] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[13]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, as of 2001, among the different mother tongues (languages mentioned under 8th Schedule of Constitution of India), Hindi was spoken by 703,337 persons forming 88.87% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Urdu 68,301 persons (8.63%), Oraon 11,115 persons (1.40%) and other languages (with no details) 8,681 (1.10%). The population of the Scheduled Tribes in the district of Chatra during 2011 Census was 45,563 constituting 4.36 percent of the total population of the district.[14]

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[15]

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Hindus numbered 903,179 and formed 86.60% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Muslims 116,710 (11.19%).[16]

Rural poverty

Total number of BPL households in Simaria CD block in 2002-2007 was 13,863.[17] According to 2011 census, number of households in Simaria CD block was 19,556.[18] Rural poverty in Jharkhand declined from 66% in 1993–94 to 46% in 2004–05. In 2011, it has come down to 39.1%.[19]

Economy

Livelihood

Livelihood
in Simaria CD block

  Cultivators (38.33%)
  Agricultural labourers (45.62%)
  Household industries (2.86%)
  Other Workers (13.19%)

In Simaria CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 17,974 and formed 38.33%, agricultural labourers numbered 21,391 and formed 45.62%, household industry workers numbered 1,339 and formed 2.86% and other workers numbered 6,183 and formed 13.19%. Total workers numbered 46,887 and formed 43.47% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 60,984 and formed 56.53% of the population.[20]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[21]

Infrastructure

There are 95 inhabited villages in Simaria CD block. In 2011, 16 villages had power supply. 2 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 94 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 95 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 8 villages had post offices, 8 villages had sub post offices, 6 villages had telephone (land line), 34 villages had mobile phone coverage. All villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 27 villages had bus service (public/ private), 14 villages had autos/ modified autos, 19 villages had taxi/vans and 59 villages had tractors. 3 villages had bank branches, 4 villages had agricultural credit societies, 1 village had cinema/ video hall, 1 village had public library and public reading room. 43 villages had public distribution system, 12 villages had weekly haat (market) and 44 villages had assembly polling stations.[22]

Agriculture

Chatra is a predominanty forest district with 65% of the land area being covered with forests. The balance 35% of the area has both rocky and alluvial soil. Aluvial soil is found mostly near river valleys. Rice is the main crop of the district. Other important crops grown are bazra, maize and pulses (mainly arhar and gramme).[23]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Chatra district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund created by the Government of India is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[24][25]

Transport

NH 22 (old numbering NH 99) connects Sonbarsha (India-Nepal border) with Muzaffarpur, Patna, Gaya, Dobhi, Hunterganj and Chatra and terminates at its junction with NH 39 in Chandwa CD Block in Latehar district. NH 22 crosses NH 19 (old numbering NH 2) at Dobhi in Gaya district of Bihar.[26]

Education

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Simaria CD block had 36 villages with pre-primary schools, 93 villages with primary schools, 71 villages with middle schools, 12 villages with secondary schools, 2 villages with senior secondary schools, 2 villages with no educational facility.[27]
.*Note: Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

Simaria Degree Mahavidyalaya was established at Simaria in 2015. It is affiliated with the Vinoba Bhave University.[28]

Healthcare

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Simaria CD block had 11 villages with primary health centres, 16 villages with primary health subcentres, 14 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 12 villages with allopathic hospital, 4 villages with dispensaries, 9 villages with veterinary hospitals, 7 villages with family welfare centres, 4 villages with medicine shops.[27]
.*Note: Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

References
  1. "Chatra - the official website". Blocks, Circles & Panchayats – List of villages under Panchayats. Chatra district authority. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  2. "The North Karanpura Coalfields". Jharkhand. sinclair-environmental. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  3. "Jharkhand Assessment 2013". Satp. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  4. "13 focus areas identified in Jharkhand to check Maoist activities". Eenadu India, 14 June 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  5. "Simaria Kalan, India Page". Fallingrain Genomics. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  6. "Chatra". CD Block/Tehsil Map. Chatra district administration. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  7. "Chatra District Census Handbook," (PDF). Census of India 2011, Page 26. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  8. "District Police Profile – Chatra". Contact Number. Jharkhand Police. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  9. "Administrative Boundary Map, Chatra District, Jharkhand". Chatra district administration. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  10. "2011 Census C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". Jharkhand – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  11. "District Census 2011". Population Census 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  12. "Jharkhand Profile" (PDF). Census Info India 2011 – Final population totals. Census Commissioner, Government of India. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  13. "Literacy in India". Census 2011. Census population 2015 data. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  14. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 22: Note on mother tongue of earlier census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  15. "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  16. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 23: Note on religion. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  17. "Departments: Food and Supply". Blockwise Statistics BPL List 2002-2007. Chatra district administration. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  18. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII B, 2011 census" (PDF). page 26: District Primary Census Abstract. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  19. "Eliminating poverty" (PDF). Jharkhand government. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
  20. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 48 and 51. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  21. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21 Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts, Pages 10-21. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  22. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 673-675, Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  23. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 9-10. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  24. "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  25. "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  26. "Rationalisation of numbering system on National Highways" (PDF). Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  27. "District Census Handbook Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 671-673. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  28. "Simaria Degree Mahaviyalaya (SDM), Simaria". Josh College. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
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