Soyuz TM-3

Soyuz TM-3 was the third crewed spacecraft to visit the Soviet space station Mir, following Soyuz-T15 and Soyuz-TM2. It was launched in July 1987, during the long duration expedition Mir EO-2, and acted as a lifeboat for the second segment of that expedition. There were three people aboard the spacecraft at launch, including the two man crew of the week-long mission Mir EP-1, consisting of Soviet cosmonaut Aleksandr Viktorenko and Syrian Muhammed Faris. Faris was the first Syrian to travel to space, and as of November 2010, the only one. The third cosmonaut launched was Aleksandr Aleksandrov, who would replace one of the long duration crew members Aleksandr Laveykin of Mir EO-2. Laveykin had been diagnosed by ground-based doctors to have minor heart problems, so he returned to Earth with the EP-1 crew in Soyuz TM-2.[2]

Soyuz TM-3
COSPAR ID1987-063A
SATCAT no.18222
Mission duration160 days, 7 hours, 25 minutes, 56 seconds
Orbits completed~2,580
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeSoyuz-TM
ManufacturerNPO Energia
Launch mass7,100 kilograms (15,700 lb)
Crew
Crew size3
MembersAleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov
LaunchingAleksandr Viktorenko
Muhammed Faris
LandingYuri Romanenko
Anatoli Levchenko
CallsignVityaz (Knight)
Start of mission
Launch date22 July 1987, 01:59:17 (1987-07-22UTC01:59:17Z) UTC[1]
RocketSoyuz-U2
Launch siteBaikonur 1/5
End of mission
Landing date29 December 1987, 09:16:15 (1987-12-29UTC09:16:16Z) UTC
Landing site140 kilometres (87 mi) NE of Arkalyk
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude297 kilometres (185 mi)
Apogee altitude353 kilometres (219 mi)
Inclination51.6 degrees
Period91.0 minutes
Docking with Mir
Soyuz programme
(Crewed missions)
 

Soyuz TM-3 landed near the end of December 1987, landing both members of the EO-2 crew, as well as potential Buran pilot Anatoli Levchenko, who had been launched to Mir a week earlier aboard Soyuz TM-4.

Crew

Position Launching crew Landing crew
Commander  Aleksandr Viktorenko
Mir EP-1
First spaceflight
 Yuri Romanenko
Mir EO-2
Third and last spaceflight
Flight Engineer  Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov
Mir EO-2
Second and last spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut  Muhammed Faris
Mir EP-1
Only spaceflight
 Anatoli Levchenko
Mir LII-1
Only spaceflight

Mission parameters

  • Mass: 7100 kg
  • Perigee: 297 km
  • Apogee: 353 km
  • Inclination: 51.6°
  • Period: 91.0 minutes

References

  1. "Soyuz TM-3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
  2. D.S.F.Portree (1995). "Mir Hardware Heritage" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
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