Sprinter (light rail)

The Sprinter (stylized as SPRINTER) (reporting mark SDNX) is a DMU-operated rail line operating between Oceanside and Escondido, California, United States. The service uses the pre-existing 22 miles (35 km) Escondido Branch trackage of the San Diego Northern Railroad. Station platforms were constructed for the line's fifteen stations[2][6] serving the cities of Oceanside (western terminus), Vista, San Marcos, and Escondido (eastern terminus). The line provides service to Palomar College and California State University, San Marcos. Sprinter service operates every 30 minutes and is targeted towards commuters.

Sprinter
Sprinter VT642 Desiro vehicle, 2008
Overview
Status	Operational
Owner	North County Transit District
Locale	North San Diego County, California, United States
Termini	Oceanside Transit Center Escondido Transit Center
Stations	15[1][2]
Website	NCTD SPRINTER
Service
Type	DMU hybrid rail
System	North County Transit District
Services	1
Operator(s)	Bombardier Transportation[1]
Depot(s)	Escondido Storage and Maintenance Yard
Rolling stock	12 married pairs of Siemens VT642 Desiro DMUs[1]
Daily ridership	8,305 each weekday[1]
History
Commenced	2005
Opened	March 9, 2008[3]
Completed	November 28, 2007
1992	NCTD purchases the line from ATSF
Technical
Line length	22 mi (35 km)[1]
Number of tracks	single: 56% double: 44%[4]
Character	DMU service along time-separated freight right-of-way
Track gauge	4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Electrification	No
Operating speed	50 mph (80 km/h) (top)[5] 24.9 mph (40.1 km/h) (average)
Route map Amtrak & Metrolink to Los Angeles Oceanside Transit Center Amtrak & Coaster to San Diego Coast Highway I-5 Crouch Street El Camino Real Rancho Del Oro College Boulevard Melrose Drive Vista Transit Center Civic Center–Vista Buena Creek Palomar College San Marcos Civic Center SR 78 Cal State San Marcos SR 78 Nordahl Road I-15 Storage and Maintenance Yard Escondido Transit Center available at all stations all stations accessible

Sprinter map (with other lines included)

The Sprinter is operated by the North County Transit District of Oceanside, the area's public transit agency. The agency also operates the Coaster commuter rail line and the BREEZE Bus routes. At Oceanside Transit Center, the Sprinter connects to three commuter rail lines (the Coaster, the Metrolink Orange County Line, and the Metrolink Inland Empire-Orange County Line), as well as to Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner regional rail line.

A 2007 study by the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) predicted that the Sprinter would reduce road trips by 5,000 a day (a round trip by car would be two road trips). It also predicted over 11,000 riders (trips) per day by the end of the first year.[7] Ridership numbers did climb after opening, reaching just under 8,000 people per day as of March 2008.[8] Average weekday ridership for FY2018 was approximately 8,300.[1]

History

The Sprinter is the first passenger train service along the Escondido Branch since the Santa Fe Railroad discontinued passenger service in 1946. Originally built in 1888, the entire line had to be rebuilt to accommodate more traffic and be elevated because the line runs along a river.[9]

The funding for Sprinter originated with the TransNet Tax (Proposition C) measure passed by San Diego County voters in 1987 to relieve traffic congestion. A third of the tax was dedicated to mass transit.[10][11] The $477 million project also was funded through a $152 million Full Funding Grant Agreement from the Federal Transit Administration.[9]

NCTD purchased the line in 1992 from the Santa Fe Railroad. Construction started on the line in 2005[9] and was scheduled for completion in December 2007. The Sprinter was previewed on December 28, 2007,[12] with full revenue service scheduled to begin on January 13, 2008. Opening was delayed due to safety and other concerns,[13][14] and began on March 9, 2008.[1]

While the DMUs are not much narrower than freight cars, the space for employees hanging at the sides of cars considerably increases the free space required, and gangways were designed into the stations that fold up after end of service to allow the BNSF trains plus employees at their sides to pass through. At the eastbound side of the Escondido Avenue platform, the tracks curve so sharply that a gap existed between the outside edges of the gangway and the side of the DMU. The California Public Utilities Commission stated that such a gap is unsafe, and as a result, the Eastbound platform at Escondido Avenue was not used for six months after the opening of the Sprinter. On September 12, 2008, the station was completed and on September 15, 2008, the station became operational.

Sprinter was the least expensive rail project per mile of 10 rail projects built or planned in California in 2005.[15] American Public Works Association (APWA) awarded Sprinter the Transportation Project of the Year for projects valued over $75 million.[15]

Service

The Sprinter runs every 30 minutes in both directions seven days a week, from approximately 4 am to 9 pm.[6] Trains run later on Friday and Saturday evenings, to approximately 10:30pm (westbound to Oceanside), and to approximately 11:30pm (eastbound to Escondido).[16] Saturday/Sunday/Holiday trains operate every 30 minutes between 10 am and 6 pm and hourly before 10 am and after 6 pm.[6]

Stations

Sprinter at Oceanside, 2007-11-03.

The Sprinter serves a total of 15 stations,[2] including the two termini at Oceanside and Escondido. Three of these stations are transit centers – the two termini, Oceanside Transit Center and Escondido Transit Center, along with the Vista Transit Center station.

Due to its shared right-of-way with freight trains serving businesses in Escondido, the Sprinter platforms had to be set back from the tracks a sufficient distance to provide enough room for employees riding on the sides of freight cars.

Location	Station	Connections
Oceanside	Oceanside Transit Center	Amtrak: Pacific Surfliner North County Transit District: Coaster Metrolink: Orange County Line, Inland Empire-Orange County Line NCTD Breeze: 101, 302, 303, 313, 318, 392, 395 Riverside Transit Agency: 202
	Coast Highway
	Crouch Street	NCTD Breeze: 318
	El Camino Real	NCTD Breeze: 309
	Rancho Del Oro	NCTD Breeze: 311, 318, 323
	College Boulevard	NCTD Breeze: 315, 318, 323, 325
	Melrose Drive	NCTD Breeze: 318
Vista	Vista Transit Center	NCTD Breeze:
	Civic Center–Vista
	Buena Creek	NCTD Breeze: 305, 332
San Marcos	Palomar College	NCTD Breeze: 304, 305, 347, 445
	San Marcos Civic Center	NCTD Breeze: 305
	Cal State San Marcos	NCTD Breeze: 347
Escondido	Nordahl Road	NCTD Breeze: 305, 353
	Escondido Transit Center	NCTD Breeze: 305, 308, Rapid 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, FLEX 371, 388 Metropolitan Transit System: Rapid 235, Rapid Express 280 RTA: 217

Fares

A one-way fare on the Sprinter costs $2.50 per rider, $1.25 for Senior (60+)/Disabled/Medicare riders (children under 5 years old ride for free; up to 3).[17]

In addition, riders can buy 'passes' (e.g. Regional 24-Hour Pass, Regional 30-Day Pass) which allow for unlimited travel not only on the Sprinter, but on other NCTD and MTS systems, such as the San Diego Trolley, and Breeze and MTS buses, for the duration of that pass. Rides on those systems, plus the Coaster commuter rail, and express buses, requires a "RegionPlus" pass.

Compass Card

In September 2008, SANDAG introduced a new contactless "Compass Card", made possible by Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.. The "Compass Card" allows passengers from MTS and NCTD to store regional transit passes and cash value on a rewriteable RFID card. Customers can purchase passes and add cash value on the Internet or at any ticket vending machine. When a customer boards a bus that customer simply taps the Compass Card on the "Validator", usually located near or on the farebox. The LED display then lights resembling those of a stoplight, and the LCD display then shows text regarding the passenger's fare account. When boarding rail vehicles the Validators are located on the platform, and the same process is performed to board the train.

Ridership

While pre-opening studies of the Sprinter line projected an average weekday ridership of 11,000, average weekday ridership in 2012 was 7,800,[1] 70% of the original projected daily ridership. For 2012, this corresponded to 2.4 million annual ridership. However, the average weekday ridership for the Sprinter in the first quarter of 2013 was 8,500 according to the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) Transit Ridership Report for Q1 2013,[18] which is 77% of the original projected daily ridership for the system.

Rolling stock

Sprinter service is operated with Desiro-class diesel multiple units (DMU) manufactured by Siemens in Germany and widely used by main-line regional railways. Twelve married pairs of Siemens VT642 Desiro DMUs were delivered to the Escondido Transit Center in August 2006. The vehicles were in acceptance testing in California during the early part of 2007. The passenger trains are not FRA-compliant for operation in association with freight trains; therefore freight operations on the route are not permitted during passenger operations. For this reason some publications, including the American Public Transportation Association, refer to this line as light rail but it does not conform with the usual understanding of that term.

Future service plans

Being a relatively new transit service, future development plans for the Sprinter are currently focused on increasing the frequency of the service to 20 minutes per train departure, from the Sprinter's current 30-minute schedule.[4] An increased schedule will require more double-tracking of the Sprinter rail line[4] as currently only 9.6 miles (44%) of the Sprinter's rail line is double-tracked.[4] The preferred alternative project for more double-tracking on the rail line involves increased double-tracking around Crouch St. station through College Blvd. station, and around Palomar College station through Nordahl Rd. station.[4] It is projected that this project will require six years to reach completion.[4]

Additionally, NCTD would like to implement Sprinter Express train service that would stop at only the five stations (Oceanside Transit Center, El Camino Real, Vista Transit Center, San Marcos Civic Center, and Escondido Transit Center) with the greatest ridership along the route.[4] The Express service would use freight track east of San Marcos Civic Center station to bypass a station and an eastern portion of the regular route in order to further reduce travel times between termini.[4]

Longer-term, SANDAG's 2050 Regional Transportation Plan projects one extension of the Sprinter by 2050.[19] The extension would be from the Sprinter's current eastern terminus at the Escondido Transit Center, south (presumably along S Centre City Parkway) to the Escondido Westfield Mall/Del Lago Transit Center.[4][19] No other extensions of the Sprinter (e.g. to San Diego Zoo Safari Park, or to McClellan–Palomar Airport) are included in the plan.

Criticism

The Sprinter has encountered some dissatisfaction in northern San Diego County. For example, business owners in Oceanside have attributed flooding in November 2007 and January 2008[20] to the Sprinter, since its construction raised railroad beds and narrowed creeks. Some have also criticized the limited schedule.[21] In response to the limited schedule, NCTD expanded Friday and Saturday Night service in 2011, the last trips leaving out of Escondido (Westbound) at 10:33pm and out of Oceanside (Eastbound) at 11:33pm.[16]

Incidents

Accidents

On March 11, 2008, just two days after the first passengers were carried, a westbound Sprinter train struck a man who was lying on the tracks under a State Route 78 bridge in San Marcos. It was not immediately clear if the man was aware of the approach of the train. However, the man, who was covered by a sleeping bag at the time he was struck, spoke of suicide while in the emergency room.[22]

On March 23, 2012, a man was struck by a westbound Sprinter train at the West Mission Road and North Pacific Street crossing. The victim's death was ruled a suicide by the San Diego County medical examiner's office. The operator of the train applied the brakes and sounded the horn, but was unable to avoid the collision. The victim died at the scene.[23]

Service suspension (2013)

On February 28, 2013, the California Public Utilities Commission conducted an inspection of the Sprinter vehicles. During that inspection, the CPUC discovered accelerated patterns of wear on the central axle brakes of all 12 vehicles. As a result, on March 8, 2013, NCTD suspended service on the entire line. NCTD established bus replacement service for the duration of the Sprinter service interruption.[24] The Sprinter resumed regular service on May 18, 2013, with the last day of the supplemental express bus service on May 24.[25]

See also

• Coaster (commuter rail)
• San Diego Trolley
• Transportation in San Diego County

References

1. "SPRINTER Fact Sheet" (pdf). North County Transit District. 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-09.
2. "Sprinter Stations - NCTD". North County Transit District. Retrieved 2019-10-04.
3. Burge, Michael (March 10, 2008). "Passenger train sprints into service". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
4. "The Time Is NOW - Making the Transportation System Better: SPRINTER Improvements" (pdf). North County Transit District. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
5. SMA Rail Consulting (April 2016). "California Passenger Rail Network Schematics" (PDF). California Department of Transportation.
6. "SPRINTER - NCTD". North County Transit District. Retrieved 2013-09-08.
7. "the rEgion: SANDAG's Electronic Newsletter". Sandag.org. January 13, 2008. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
8. Sisson, Paul (March 20, 2008). "Sprinter ridership nudges toward 8,000 passengers". North County Times. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
9. Cotey, Angela (January 2008). "San Diego's North County Transit District launches SPRINTER light-rail service". Progressive Railroading. Retrieved 2014-10-25.
10. "Transnet Tax for Congestion Relief". Thumper.tmisnet.com. Archived from the original on 2009-12-03. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
11. "San Diego At a Glance - Annual Fiscal Year 2005 Budget" (pdf). City of San Diego. 2005. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
12. "Sprinter Inauguration - December 28, 2007". Rail Passenger Association of California & Nevada (RailPAC). January 2, 2008. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
13. Burge, Michael (January 18, 2008). "Sprinter could start on Jan. 27". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
14. Burge, Michael (January 25, 2008). "Sprinter won't ride the rails until March 9". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
15. Nichols, Chris (December 12, 2009). "REGION: Sprinter wins 'Project of Year' award". North County Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2010. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
16. "SPRINTER Schedule". North County Transit District. June 24, 2012. Archived from the original on September 13, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-08.
17. "Sprinter Fares And Passes - NCTD". North County Transit District. Retrieved 2013-10-04.
18. "Transit Ridership Report - First Quarter 2013" (PDF). American Public Transportation Association (APTA). May 24, 2013. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
19. "2050 Regional Transportation Plan – Chapter 6 – Systems Development: Offering More Travel Choices" (pdf). SANDAG. October 28, 2011. pp. 6–15. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
20. Sherman, Lola (January 9, 2008). "Businesses flooded along Sprinter rail line". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
21. Kovrig, Neill (January 15, 2008). "Sprinter already a disappointment". North County Times. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
22. Burge, Michael (March 12, 2008). "New Sprinter train hits man lying on tracks; legs severed". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2008-04-09.
23. Morris, Nick (March 23, 2012). "SAN MARCOS: Pedestrian struck, killed by Sprinter train". North County Times. Archived from the original on March 28, 2012. Retrieved 2012-03-24.
24. "SPRINTER Service Interruption FAQ". North County Transit District. March 9, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-03-12. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
25. "SPRINTER Returns to Service". North County Transit District. May 16, 2013. Archived from the original on 2014-10-26. Retrieved 2014-10-25.

• Press Article from San Diego Union-Tribune: Burge, Michael (December 29, 2007). "News - North County - All aboard for Sprinter test run". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 2011-04-26.

External links

• Official website