Syrnola

Syrnola is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.[2][3][4][5]

Syrnola
Drawing of a shell of Syrnola aganea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Subcohort: Panpulmonata
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Family: Pyramidellidae
Genus: Syrnola
A. Adams, 1860 [1]
Type species
Syrnola gracillima
Adams, A., 1860
Synonyms
  • Heida Dall, 1903
  • Obeliscus (Syrnola)
  • Odontostomia (Syrnola) A. Adams, 1860
  • Odostomia (Heida) Dall, 1903

General description

The species in Syrnola are medium sized and slender. Their shell is subulate and polished, marked by fine lines of growth and microscopic spiral striations. It doesn't contain an umbilicus. The whorls of the teleoconch are flattened and increasing regularly in size. The suture is well marked. The aperture is suboval. The outer lip is simple. They possess only one columellar fold.[6]

Species

Species within the genus Syrnola include:[2]

  • Syrnola acerrima Watson, 1886
  • † Syrnola aclyformis Marwick, 1929
  • Syrnola adamsi (Tryon, 1886) [7]
  • Syrnola aganea (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Syrnola ambagiosa Melvill, 1904
  • Syrnola angasi (Tryon, 1886)
  • † Syrnola angulifera (Laws, 1937)
  • Syrnola angusta Laseron, 1951
  • Syrnola aperanta Melvill, 1906
  • Syrnola arae Peñas & Rolán, 2002
  • Syrnola attenuata (Dall, 1892)
  • Syrnola aurantia (Petterd, 1884)
  • Syrnola aurantiaca Angas, 1867
  • Syrnola azona Nomura, 1937
  • Syrnola baygiongina Saurin, 1959
  • Syrnola bifasciata Tenison-Woods, 1875
  • Syrnola bizonalis A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola canaria (Hedley, 1907)
  • Syrnola cani Saurin, 1959
  • Syrnola capensis (Sowerby III, 1892)
  • Syrnola celestae Saurin, 1959
  • Syrnola cinctella (Adams A., 1860)
  • Syrnola clavellosa Melvill, 1906
  • Syrnola clearete Melvill, 1910
  • Syrnola collea (Bartsch, 1926)
  • Syrnola columnella A. Adams, 1863
  • Syrnola convexa Laseron, 1951
  • Syrnola convoluta (Watson, 1886)
  • Syrnola crawfordi Powell, 1927
  • Syrnola crocata (A. Adams, 1865)
  • Syrnola cylindrella A. Adams, 1863
  • Syrnola daedala A. Adams, 1863
  • Syrnola densestriata (Garrett, 1873)
  • Syrnola elegans (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Syrnola endolamellata (Schander, 1994)
  • Syrnola eruca Laseron, 1959
  • Syrnola etiennei (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • Syrnola exserta Laseron, 1959
  • Syrnola fasciata Jickeli, 1882
  • Syrnola fernandina (Bartsch, 1927)
  • † Syrnola finlayi (Laws, 1937)
  • Syrnola floridana (Bartsch, 1927)
  • Syrnola georgiana (Bartsch, 1927)
  • Syrnola gracillima A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola hanzawai Nomura, 1939
  • Syrnola hasimotoi Nomura, 1937
  • Syrnola hera (Bartsch, 1915)
  • † Syrnola irrevocata Laws, 1937
  • Syrnola jacksonensis Laseron, 1951
  • Syrnola karachiensis Melvill, 1897
  • Syrnola kesenensis Nomura, 1938
  • Syrnola lactea A. Adams, 1863
  • Syrnola lamothei (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • Syrnola lanceata Peñas, Rolán & Swinnen, 2014
  • Syrnola lata Laseron, 1951
  • Syrnola lendix (Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola lepidula A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola longiaperturata Nomura, 1938
  • Syrnola lurida (Suter, 1908)
  • † Syrnola lutosa Marwick, 1931
  • Syrnola macella Saurin, 1962
  • Syrnola macrocephala Hedley, 1903
  • Syrnola manifesta Hedley, 1912
  • Syrnola manilensis Boettger, 1896
  • Syrnola mekranica Melvill & Standen, 1901
  • Syrnola menda Finlay, 1926
  • Syrnola mera A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola metria Melvill, 1896
  • Syrnola michaeli Tenison-Woods, 1877
  • Syrnola minor E. A. Smith, 1904
  • Syrnola minuta Adams H., 1869
  • Syrnola modica (Sowerby II, 1865)
  • Syrnola mussandamica Melvill & Standen, 1903
  • Syrnola neglecta Saurin, 1959
  • Syrnola obeliscus (Garrett, 1873)
  • † Syrnola otaioensis (Laws, 1937)
  • Syrnola pistillum A. Adams, 1863
  • Syrnola praecostulata Saurin, 1959
  • Syrnola producta (C. B. Adams, 1840)
  • Syrnola pulchra Brazier, 1877
  • Syrnola pumilio (E. A. Smith, 1890)
  • Syrnola pupina A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola pyramidalis A. Adams, 1860
  • Syrnola pyrrha (Bartsch, 1915)
  • Syrnola quaelibet Saurin, 1959
  • † Syrnola riddollsi Maxwell, 1992
  • † Syrnola rodata (Laws, 1940)
  • † Syrnola sculptilis Laws, 1937
  • Syrnola simplex (Angas, 1871)
  • Syrnola siogamensis Nomura, 1936
  • Syrnola solanderiana Laseron, 1959
  • Syrnola solidula (Dunker, 1860)
  • Syrnola striatula (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Syrnola strigulata (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola subcinctella Nomura, 1936
  • Syrnola subuliformis (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola subulina A. Adams, 1863
  • † Syrnola sulcifera Laws, 1937
  • Syrnola susakiensis Nomura, 1939
  • Syrnola taeniata (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola take Nomura, 1938
  • Syrnola teretiuscula A. Adams, 1860
  • † Syrnola thelma Dall 1913
  • Syrnola thielei (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • Syrnola thomensis Tomlin & Shackleford, 1915
  • Syrnola tincta Angas, 1871
  • Syrnola torresiana Laseron, 1959
  • Syrnola trivittata Sturany, 1903
  • Syrnola unilineata (Garrett, 1873)
  • Syrnola vanhareni (van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998)
  • Syrnola vanhyningi (Bartsch, 1944)
  • Syrnola violacea Melvill & Standen, 1896
  • Syrnola vitrea A. Adams, 1860
  • † Syrnola waiauica (Laws, 1937)
  • † Syrnola wallacei Marwick, 1929
  • Syrnola wenzi Nordsieck, 1972
  • Syrnola zona Nomura, 1937


The following species were brought into synonymy:[2]

  • Syrnola bacillum Pilsbry, 1901: synonym of Tibersyrnola bacillum (Pilsbry, 1901)
  • Syrnola bedoti Hornung & Mermod, 1924: synonym of Megastomia bedoti (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
  • Syrnola broti Hornung & Mermod, 1924: synonym of Megastomia broti (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
  • Syrnola brunnea (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Colsyrnola brunnea (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Syrnola candida (de Folin, 1870): synonym of Syrnola etiennei (Dautzenberg, 1912)
  • Syrnola cerullii Cossmann, 1916: synonym of Eulimella cerullii (Cossmann, 1916)
  • Syrnola charpenteri Hornung & Mermod, 1924: synonym of Marginodostomia charpenteri (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
  • Syrnola cincta Fenaux, 1942: synonym of Tibersyrnola unifasciata (Forbes, 1844)
  • Syrnola cinnamomea (A. Adams, 1863): synonym of Tibersyrnola cinnamomea (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola gestroi Hornung & Mermod, 1924: synonym of Megastomia gestroi (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
  • Syrnola hanagaiensis Nomura, 1938: synonym of Derjuginella rufofasciata (E.A. Smith, 1875)
  • Syrnola jaculum Melvill & Standen, 1896: synonym of Styloptygma jaculum (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
  • Syrnola lacteola (Preston, 1904): synonym of Styloptygma lacteola Preston, 1903
  • Syrnola lorioli Hornung & Mermod, 1924: synonym of Odostomia lorioli (Hornung & Mermod, 1924)
  • Syrnola metcalfei (Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900): synonym of Odostomia metcalfei Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900
  • Syrnola mossiana Melvill & Standen, 1895: synonym of Odostomia lutea Garrett, 1873
  • Syrnola nitidula A. Adams, 1860: synonym of Tiberia nitidula (A. Adams, 1860)
  • Syrnola serotina A. Adams, 1863: synonym of Tibersyrnola serotina (A. Adams, 1863)
  • Syrnola striatula (Jeffreys, 1856): synonym of Ebala striatula (Jeffreys, 1856)
  • Syrnola tarpeia Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Pyramidella tarpeia Bartsch, 1915 (taxon inquirendum)
  • Syrnola tenuisculpta (Lischke, 1872): synonym of Iphiana tenuisculpta (Lischke, 1872)
  • Syrnola unifasciata (Forbes, 1844: synonym of Eulimella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844)
  • Syrnola vietnamica Saurin, 1959: synonym of Syrnola elegans (A. Adams, 1854)

References
  1. A. Adams. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vi, p. 334,1860
  2. Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2011). Syrnola A. Adams, 1860. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138419 on 5 February 2012
  3. Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
  4. Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180-213
  5. Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
  6. G.W. Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VIII, p. 10 and p. 296; 1886
  7. Fishbase: Syrnola adamsi
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