Taikyoku shogi

Taikyoku shōgi (Japanese: 大局将棋, lit. "ultimate chess") is the largest known variant of shogi (Japanese chess). The game was created around the mid-16th century (presumably by priests) and is based on earlier large board shogi games. Before the rediscovery of taikyoku shogi in 1997, tai shogi was believed to be the largest playable chess variant ever. It has not been shown that taikyoku shogi was ever widely played. There are only two sets of restored taikyoku shogi pieces and one of them is held at Osaka University of Commerce.[1] One game may be played over several long sessions and require each player to make over a thousand moves.

The game's 36×36 board with pieces in their opening positions

Because the game was found only recently after centuries of obscurity, it is difficult to say exactly what all the rules were. Several documents describing the game have been found; however, there are differences between them. Many of the pieces appear in other shogi variants but their moves may be different. The board, and likewise the pieces, were made much smaller, making archeological finds difficult to decipher. Research into this game continues for historical and cultural reasons, but also to satisfy the curious and those who wish to play what could be the most challenging chess-like game ever made. More research must be done however. This article focuses on one likely set of rules that can make the game playable in modern times but is by no means canon. These rules may change as more discoveries are made and secrets of the game unlocked.

Further, because of the terse and often incomplete wording of the historical sources for the large shogi variants, except for chu shogi and to a lesser extent dai shogi (which were at some points of time the most prestigious forms of shogi being played), the historical rules of taikyoku shogi are not clear. Different sources often differ significantly in the moves attributed to the pieces, and the degree of contradiction (summarised below with the listing of most known alternative moves) is such that it is likely impossible to reconstruct the "true historical rules" with any degree of certainty, if there ever was such a thing. It is not clear if the game was ever played much historically, as there is no record of any sets having been made.

Rules of the game

Taikyoku shogi is very different from other large-board shogi variants: tenjiku shogi, dai dai shogi, maka dai dai shogi, and tai shogi. The most notable differences lie with the piece movements and their promotions.

Objective

The objective of the game is to capture the opponent's king(s) and prince(s). When the last of these is captured, the game ends. There are no rules for check or checkmate; however, in practice a player resigns when checkmated. Unlike standard shogi, pieces may not be dropped back into play after being captured.

Game equipment

Two players, Black and White (or 先手 sente and 後手 gote), play on a board ruled into a grid of 36 ranks (rows) by 36 files (columns) with a total of 1,296 squares. The squares are differentiated by marking or color.

All players have 804 and Each player has a set of 402 wedge-shaped pieces of 209 types. The players must remember 253 sets of moves. The pieces are of slightly different sizes with the larger pieces near the king and becoming progressively smaller for pieces further from the king, regardless of power. In general, the stronger pieces are nearer to the king.

Several of the English names were chosen to correspond to rough equivalents in Western chess, rather than as translations of the Japanese names.

Each piece has its name in the form of two or three kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of some pieces are two or three other characters, often in a different color (commonly red instead of black); this reverse side is used to indicate that the piece has been promoted during play. The pieces of the two sides do not differ in color, but instead each piece is shaped like a wedge, and faces forward, toward the opposing side. This shows who controls the piece during play.

Listed below are the pieces of the game and, if they promote, which pieces they promote to; starting with the first row.

Setup
Taikyoku Shogi

Below is a diagram showing the setup of one player's pieces. The way one player sees their own pieces is the same way the opposing player will see their pieces.

Board layout
                                       
     D     GB   D       D   GB     D     
PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPP
LCMKVMOXLBVPVHBNDH DKSEHFELSPVLTGSBLD DGSBTGVLSPELHFSEDK DHBNVHVPLBOXVMMKRC
CHSLVRWNREMSDHSGN OSEABSSGLPTBEIGM GEIBETLPSGBSEAOS GNHSSDMREWNVRSLCH
ECBLEBHOOWCMCSSWBM BTOCSFBBORSQSNRDLI FERDSNSQORBBSFOCBT BMSWCSCMOWHOEBVIEC
TCVWSXDOFHVBABEWLH CKOMCCWSESVSNTTFRM MTTFNTVSSUNBCCOMCK LHEWABVBFHDOSXVWTC
WCWHHDSMPRWBFLEGFD PSFYSTBIWGFKRCAGT LLHMPHFWGBISTFYPS FDEGFLWBPRSMHDWHWC
CICEBRWFFCMFVTSO LSCLCRRHHEVOGDGODV DSGOGDVOHERHCRCLLS SOVTMFFCWFRBCECI
SVVENPICGPGHOCN SASRGLLNCTGSVDWLGG VGWLVDGSCTLNGLSRSA CNOHPGCGPINVESV
GCSIRNRWBGROLTLEBO WDFPRBOKPCWAFICKM PMCFIWAPCOKRBFPWD BORITTROBGRWRNSIGC
RVWETDFSCORAFOMSRP RUSSGRRTBABDWRSNK DESGUYABARTGRSSRU RPMSFORACOFSTDFGRV
LTSRRWDMMELOBCHR FREDCDFTQRSLGGK CPGRGRSQFTWOEDFR HRBCLOMEDMWRRWTL
Legend
AB – Angry boar
B – Bishop
BA – Running Bear
BB – Blind Bear
BC – Beast Cadet
BD – Buddhist Devil
BE – Bear Soldier
BG – Bishop General
BI – Blind Dog
BL – Blue Dragon
BM – Blind Monkey
BN – Burning Soldier
BO – Beast Officer
BS – Boar Soldier
BT – Blind Tiger
C – Copper General
CA – Capricorn
CC – Chinese Cock
CD – Ceramic Dove
CE – Cloud Eagle
CG – Chicken General
CH – Chariot Soldier
CI – Stone Chariot
CK – Flying Cock
CL – Cloud Dragon
CM – Climbing Monkey
CN – Center Standard
CO – Captive Officer
CP – Prince
CR – Copper Chariot
CS – Cat Sword
CT – Captive Cadet
D – Dog
DE – Drunken Elephant
DG – Roaring Dog
DH – Dragon Horse
DK – Dragon King
DO – Donkey
DM – Fire Demon
DS – Dark Spirit
DV – Deva
EA – Earth General
EB – Enchanted Badger
EC – Earth Chariot
ED – Earth Dragon
EG – Fierce Eagle
EL – Soaring Eagle
ES – Eastern Barbarian
EW – Evil Wolf
F – Fire General
FC – Flying Cat
FD – Flying Dragon
FE – Free Eagle
FG – Fragrant Elephant
FH – Flying Horse
FI – Fire Dragon
FL – Ferocious Leopard
FO – Forest Demon
FP – Free Pup
FR – Free Demon
FS – Flying Swallow
FT – Free Dream-Eater
FY – Flying Goose
G – Gold General
GB – Go Between
GC – Gold Chariot
GD – Great Dragon
GE – Great Standard
GG – Great General
GL – Golden Deer
GM – Great Master
GN – Wood General
GO – Golden Bird
GR – Great Dove
GS – Great Stag
GT – Great Turtle
GU – Guardian of the Gods
H – Horse General
HD – Howling Dog
HE – Ram’s-head Soldier
HF – Horned Falcon
HM – Hook Mover
HO – Horseman
HR – Running Horse
HS – Horse Soldier
I – Iron General
K- King
KM – Kirin Master
KR – Kirin
L – Lance
LB – Longbow Soldier
LC – Left Chariot
LD – Lion Dog
LE – Left Dragon
LG – Left General
LH – Liberated Horse
LI – Lion Hawk
LL – Little Turtle
LN – Lion
LO – Long-nosed Goblin
LP – Leopard Soldier
LS – Little Standard
LT – Left Tiger
M – Mountain General
ME – Mountain Eagle
MF – Mountain Falcon
MK – Side Monkey
MS – Mountain Stag
MT – Center Master
N – Knight
NB – Northern Barbarian
NK – Neighboring King
NT – Violent wolf
O – Ox General
OC – Oxcart
OK – Old Kite
OM – Old Monkey
OR – Old Rat
OS – Ox Soldier
OW – Swooping Owl
OX – Flying Ox
P – Pawn
PC – Peacock
PG – Pup General
PH – Phoenix
PI – Pig General
PM – Phoenix Master
PR – Prancing Stag
PS – Poisonous Snake
Q – Queen
R – Rook
RA – Rain Dragon
RB – Rushing Bird
RC – Right Chariot
RD – Reclining Dragon
RE – River General
RG – Right General
RH – Running Chariot
RI – Right Dragon
RM – Roc Master
RN – Running Stag
RO – Rook General
RP – Running Pup
RR – Running Rabbit
RS – Rear Standard
RT – Running Tiger
RU – Running Serpent
RV – Reverse Chariot
RW – Running Wolf
S – Silver General
SA – Side Boar
SB – Cross-bow Soldier
SD – Front Standard
SE – Sword Soldier
SF – Side Flier
SG – Stone General
SI – Side Dragon
SL – Side Soldier
SM – Side Mover
SN – Coiled Serpent
SO – Soldier
SP – Spear Soldier
SQ – Square Mover
SR – Silver Rabbit
SS – Side Serpent
ST – Strutting Crow
SU – Southern Barbarian
SV – Silver Chariot
SW – Swallow’s Wings
SX – Side Ox
T – Tile General
TC – Tile Chariot
TD – Turtle Dove
TF – Treacherous Fox
TG – Savage Tiger
TS – Turtle-snake
TT – Right Tiger
VB – Violent Bear
VD – Violent Dragon
VE – Vertical Bear
VG – Vice General
VH – Vertical Horse
VI – Vermillion Sparrow
VL – Vertical Leopard
VM – Vertical Mover
VO – Violent Ox
VP – Vertical Pup
VR – Vertical Soldier
VS – Violent Stag
VT – Vertical Tiger
VW – Vertical Wolf
W – Whale
WA – Water Dragon
WB – Water Buffalo
WC – Wood Chariot
WD – Wind Dragon
WE – White Elephant
WF – Side Wolf
WG – Water General
WH – White Horse
WL – Woodland Demon
WN – Wind General
WO – Wooden Dove
WR – Wrestler
WS – Western Barbarian
WT – White Tiger
YA – Yaksha

Game play

The players alternate making a move, with Black moving first. (The traditional terms 'black' and 'white' are used to differentiate the sides during discussion of the game, but are no longer literally descriptive.) A move consists of moving a single piece on the board and potentially promoting that piece or displacing (capturing) an opposing piece.

Movement and capture

Most pieces in the game move in a unique manner. An opposing piece is captured by displacement: That is, if a piece moves to a square occupied by an opposing piece, the opposing piece is displaced and removed from the board. A piece cannot move to a square occupied by a friendly piece (meaning another piece controlled by the moving player).

Each piece on the game moves in a characteristic pattern. Pieces move either orthogonally (that is, forward, backward, left, or right, in the direction of one of the arms of a plus sign, +), or diagonally (in the direction of one of the arms of a multiplication sign, ×). The lion, lion hawk and knight are exceptions at the beginning of the game, in that they do not move, or are not required to move, in a straight line. (The Buddhist spirit, teaching king, heavenly horse and furious fiend are similar, but they only appear as pieces promote.)

Categories of movement

Many pieces are capable of several kinds of movement, with the type of movement most often depending on the direction in which they move. The movement categories are:

Step movers

Some pieces move only one square at a time. (If a friendly piece occupies an adjacent square, the moving piece may not move in that direction; if an opposing piece is there, it may be displaced and captured.)

The step movers are the prince, generals (except: bishop, rook, pig, vice, great and wood), wolves, earth dragon, running horse, running rabbit, turtle snake, turtle dove, flying swallow, rain dragon, mountain stag, running pup, running serpent, side serpent, yaksha, Buddhist devil, violent stag, drunken elephant, neighboring king, chariots (except: reverse, running and copper), right tiger, left tiger, wind dragon, free pup, rushing bird, old kite, bears (except running), side boar, cloud eagle, flying cat, little standard, cloud dragon, soldiers (except soldier and chariot), violent ox, dark spirit, deva, howling dog, side mover, prancing stag, ferocious leopard, fierce eagle, poisonous snake, flying goose, strutting crow, blind dog, Chinese cock, phoenix, kirin, side ox, angry boar, liberated horse, flying cock, monkeys, barbarians, vermillion sparrow, swooping owl, old rat, cat sword, swallow's wings, blind tiger, side flyer, coiled serpent, reclining dragon, go between, dog, vertical mover, vertical pup, vertical horse, dragon horse, dragon king and pawn.

Limited ranging pieces

Some pieces can move along a limited number (2 to 7) of free (empty) squares along a straight line in certain directions. Other than the limited distance, they move like ranging pieces (see below).

The limited ranging pieces are the king, standards, free dream-eater, wooden dove, dragons (except: rain, side, wind, cloud, flying and reclining), demons, beast cadet, mountain eagle, white tiger, ceramic dove, turtle dove, captive officer, mountain stag, side serpent, great dove, running tiger, running bear, yaksha, Buddhist devil, guardian of the Gods, wrestler, gold chariot, running stag, beast officer, free pup, rushing bird, old kite, peacock, phoenix master, kirin master, silver chariot, vertical bear, pig general, chicken general, horse general, ox general, silver rabbit, golden deer, captive cadet, great stag, stone chariot, cloud eagle, mountain falcon, vertical tiger, copper chariot, golden bird, prancing stag, water buffalo, fierce eagle, water general, mountain general, fire general, turtles, vertical wolf, donkey, enchanted badger, flying horse, angry boar, violent bear, liberated horse, barbarians, center master, roc master, horseman, soldiers (except: rook, ram's-head, spear and sword), wing general, wind general, wood general, great master and roaring dog.

Jumping pieces

Several pieces can jump, that is, they can pass over any intervening piece, whether friend or foe, with no effect on either.

The jumping pieces are the wooden dove, running horse, mountain eagle, phoenix master, kirin master, knight, lion, great stag, vice general, flying cat, mountain falcon, golden bird, flying dragon, phoenix, kirin, turtles, treacherous fox, center master, roc master, free eagle, lion hawk, great master, horned falcon, soaring eagle, roaring dog and lion dog.

Ranging pieces

Many pieces can move any number of empty squares along a straight line, limited only by the edge of the board. If an opposing piece intervenes, it may be captured by moving to that square and removing it from the board. A ranging piece must stop where it captures, and cannot bypass a piece that is in its way. If a friendly piece intervenes, the moving piece is limited to a distance that stops short of the intervening piece; if the friendly piece is adjacent, it cannot move in that direction at all.

The ranging pieces are the standards, queen, free dream-eater, wooden dove, dragons (except: violent, flying and reclining), demons, running horse, mountain eagle, whale, running rabbit, tigers (except blind), turtle snake, ceramic dove, lance, oxcart, chariots, flying swallow, running pup, running serpent, great dove, running bear, running stag, running wolf, free pup, phoenix master, kirin master, vertical bear, side boar, silver rabbit, golden deer, great stag, cloud eagle, bishop, rook, side wolf, mountain falcon, soldiers (except: sword, burning and cross-bow), violent ox, golden bird, white horse, howling dog, side mover, water buffalo, turtles, vertical wolf, side ox, liberated horse, treacherous fox, roc master, vermillion sparrow, horseman, swallow's wings, side flyer, great master, side monkey, vertical mover, flying ox, vertical pup, vertical horse, dragon horse, dragon king, horned falcon, soaring eagle, roaring dog and lion dog.

Hook moves (changing tack)

The hook mover, long-nosed goblin, Capricorn, and peacock can move any number of squares along a straight line, as a normal ranging piece, but may also abruptly change tack left or right by 90° at any one place along the route, and then continue as a ranging piece. Turning a corner like this is optional.

The range covered by a hook move is the equivalent of two moves by a rook, or two moves by a bishop, depending on the piece. However, a hook move is functionally a single move: The piece cannot capture twice in one move, nor may it capture and then move on. It must stop before an intervening piece (unless it first changes direction to avoid it), and must stop when it captures, just like any other ranging piece. It can only change direction once per move.

Area movers

The lion and lion hawk may take multiple (2) steps in a single turn. These do not have to be in a line, so these pieces can potentially reach every square within two or three steps of the starting square, not just squares along one of the diagonals or orthogonals. Such moves are also useful to get around obstructions. An area mover must stop where it captures.

Limited range jumping pieces

The golden bird and several promoted pieces have the option of jumping a limited number of squares, and then continuing on in the same direction as a ranging piece.

Range jumping (flying) pieces

The ancient dragon may jump over any number of pieces, friend or foe, along a straight line, but only when making a capture. Otherwise it moves as a ranging piece.

Range capturing pieces

The great general, vice general, rook general, bishop general, violent dragon and flying crocodile may jump over any number of pieces, friend or foe, along a diagonal or orthogonal. They capture all pieces they jump.

However, they may only jump pieces of lower rank, whether friend or foe. The relevant ranking is:

  1. King, prince
  2. Great general
  3. Vice general
  4. Rook general, bishop general, violent dragon, flying crocodile
Pawn (歩兵)
  • Step: The pawn can move one square orthogonally forward.
     
  ○  
  ☖  
     
     
Earth general (土将) and go between (仲人)
  • Step: The earth general and go between can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
  ○  
  ☖  
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Stone general (石将)
  • Step: The stone general can move one square diagonally forward.

Because it cannot move orthogonally or backward, a stone general can only reach less than half the squares on the board.

     
 ○ ○ 
  ☖  
     
     
Iron general (鉄将) and dog (犬)
  • Step: The iron general and dog can move one square forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
     
     
Swooping owl (鴟行) and old rat (老鼠)
  • Step: The swooping owl and old rat can move one square orthogonally forward or diagonally backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
  ○  
  ☖  
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Strutting crow (烏行)
  • Step: The strutting crow can move one square orthogonally forward or diagonally backward.
     
  ○  
  ☖  
 ○ ○ 
     
Tile general (瓦将) and sword soldier (刀兵)
  • Step: The tile general and sword soldier can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○ ○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Copper general (銅将)
  • Step: The copper general can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or
    • diagonally forward.
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Flying goose (鳫飛)
  • Step: The flying goose can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally forward.
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Climbing monkey (登猿)
  • Step: The climbing monkey can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally forward.
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Reclining dragon (臥龍)
  • Step: The reclining dragon can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
     
  ○  
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Coiled serpent (蟠蛇)
  • Step: The coiled serpent can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally backward.
     
  ○  
  ☖  
 ○○○ 
     
Flying cock (鶏飛)
  • Step: The flying cock can move one square orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
     
 ○ ○ 
 ○☖○ 
     
     
Cat sword (猫刄)
  • Step: The cat sword can move one square in the four diagonal directions.

Because it cannot move orthogonally, a cat sword can only reach half the squares on the board.

     
 ○ ○ 
  ☖  
 ○ ○ 
     
Evil Wolf (悪狼)
  • Step: The evil wolf can move one square orthogonally sideways or forward; or diagonally forward.
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
     
     
Silver general (銀将) and violent stag (猛鹿)
  • Step: The silver general and violent stag can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or
    • One square orthogonally forward, giving them five possibilities.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
 ○ ○ 
     
Blind dog (盲犬) and Chinese cock (淮鶏)
  • Step: The blind dog and Chinese cock can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways.
  • Step: They can move one square diagonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○ ○ 
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Old monkey (古猿)
  • Step: The old monkey can move one square in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally backward.
     
 ○ ○ 
  ☖  
 ○○○ 
     
Gold general (金将) and violent wolf (猛狼)
  • Step: The gold general and violent wolf can step one square in the four orthogonal directions or diagonally forward, giving them six possibilities.
  • They cannot move diagonally backward.
  • The pieces have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Ferocious leopard (猛豹)
  • Step: The ferocious leopard can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or orthogonally forward or backward.
     
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
 ○○○ 
     
Blind monkey (盲猿)
  • Step: The blind monkey can move one square in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○ ○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○ ○ 
     
Blind bear (盲熊)
  • Step: The blind bear can move one square in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○ ○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○ ○ 
     
Drunken elephant (酔象) and neighboring king (近王)
  • Step: The drunken elephant and neighboring king can move one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○ ○ 
     
Rushing boar (行猪)
  • Step: The rushing boar can move one square orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○ ○ 
     
Deva (提婆)
  • Step: The Deva can move one square in any direction orthogonally or diagonally, except diagonally forward to the right.
     
 ○○  
 ○☖○ 
 ○○○ 
     
Dark spirit (無明)
  • Step: The dark spirit can move one square in any direction orthogonally or diagonally, except diagonally forward to the left.
     
  ○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○○○ 
     
Blind tiger (盲虎)
  • Step: The blind tiger can move one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally forward.
     
 ○ ○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○○○ 
     
Prince (太子), left general (左将) and right general (右将)
  • Step: The prince, left general, and right general can step one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • A prince may move into check (not recommended).
  • The pieces have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○○○ 
     
Bear's eyes (熊眼) and venomous wolf (毒狼)
  • Step: The bear's eyes and venomous wolf move as a prince.
     
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○○○ 
     
Wood general (木将)
  • Limited range: The wood general can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○ ○  
   ☖   
       
       
       
Donkey (驢馬) and enchanted badger (変狸)
  • Limited range: The donkey and enchanted badger can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Their range of movement and promotions are the same.
       
   ○   
   ○   
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
   ○   
       
Flying horse (馬麟)
  • Limited range: The flying horse can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○ ○  
   ☖   
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
Beast cadet (獣曹)
  • Limited range: The beast cadet can move one or two squares orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
       
 ○ ○ ○ 
  ○○○  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
King (玉将), fragrant elephant (香象) and white elephant (白象)
  • Limited range: The king, fragrant elephant and white elephant can move one or two squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • The king may move into check (not recommended).
  • The elephants have the same promotion.
       
 ○ ○ ○ 
  ○○○  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○○○  
 ○ ○ ○ 
       
Rushing bird (行鳥)
  • Step: The rushing bird can move one square orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
     
  ○  
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○ ○ 
     
     
Angry boar (嗔猪)
  • Step: The angry boar can move one square orthogonally forward or sideways; or
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○○○  
  ○☖○  
       
       
       
Violent bear (猛熊)
  • Limited range: The violent bear can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: One version of the game has the violent bear moving one square orthogonally forward; another version has it moving one square diagonally backward.
Eastern barbarian (東夷) and western barbarian (西戎)
  • Limited range: The eastern barbarian and western barbarian can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Step: They can move one square orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
  ○  
 ○○○ 
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
  ○  
     
Northern barbarian (北狄) and southern barbarian (南蛮)
  • Limited range: The northern barbarian and southern barbarian can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: They can move one square orthogonally forward or backward or diagonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
       
  ○○○  
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
Prancing stag (踊鹿)
  • Limited range: The prancing stag can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
       
  ○○○  
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
Poisonous snake (毒蛇)
  • Step: The poisonous snake can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can moves one or two squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
       
   ○   
  ○○○  
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
       
Old kite (古鵄)

Kite here refers to the bird of prey.

  • Limited range: The old kite can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions; or
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○ ○  
  ○☖○  
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
Fierce eagle (猛鷲)
  • Limited range: The fierce eagle can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally forward or sideways.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○○○  
  ○☖○  
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
Guardian of the Gods (金剛)
  • Limited range: The guardian of the Gods can move one to three squares in the four orthogonal directions.
         
    ○    
    ○    
    ○    
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
    ○    
    ○    
         
Wrestler (力士)
  • Limited range: The wrestler can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions.
         
 ○     ○ 
  ○   ○  
   ○ ○   
    ☖    
   ○ ○   
  ○   ○  
 ○     ○ 
         
Captive cadet (禽曹)
  • Limited range: The captive cadet can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or sideways, or in the four diagonal directions.

When it promotes to a captive officer (see above), it demotes (moving only two squares orthogonally instead of three).

         
 ○  ○  ○ 
  ○ ○ ○  
   ○○○   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ○ ○   
  ○   ○  
 ○     ○ 
         
Horse general (馬将) and ox general (牛将)
  • Step: The horse general and ox general can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • These pieces and their promotions have the same range of motion.
     
  ○  
  ○  
 ○○○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
     
     
Fire general (火将)
  • Step: The fire general can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or backward.
       
   ○   
   ○   
  ○○○  
   ☖   
   ○   
   ○   
   ○   
       
Water general (水将) and mountain general (山将)
  • Step: The water general and mountain general can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
         
 ○     ○ 
  ○   ○  
   ○○○   
    ☖    
    ○    
         
         
         
Buddhist devil (羅刹)
  • Limited range: The Buddhist devil can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways or backward.
         
 ○     ○ 
  ○   ○  
   ○ ○   
   ○☖○   
    ○    
         
         
         
Wind general (風将) and river general (川将)
  • Step: The wind general and river general can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
         
    ○    
    ○    
   ○○○   
    ☖    
    ○    
         
         
         
Yaksha (夜叉)
  • Step: The yaksha can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
         
   ○ ○   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
         
Sword general (刀将)
  • Step: The sword general can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
         
 ○  ○  ○ 
  ○ ○ ○  
   ○○○   
    ☖    
    ○    
         
         
         
Captive officer (禽吏)
  • Limited range: The captive officer can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or sideways; or
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions
         
 ○     ○ 
  ○ ○ ○  
   ○○○   
  ○○☖○○  
   ○ ○   
  ○   ○  
 ○     ○ 
         
Beast officer (獣吏)
  • Limited range: The beast officer can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or in the four diagonal directions.
         
 ○  ○  ○ 
  ○ ○ ○  
   ○○○   
  ○○☖○○  
   ○ ○   
  ○   ○  
 ○     ○ 
         
Heavenly Tetrarch (四天王)
  • Limited range: The Heavenly Tetrarch can move one to four squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
           
 ○   ○   ○ 
  ○  ○  ○  
   ○ ○ ○   
    ○○○    
 ○○○○☖○○○○ 
    ○○○    
   ○ ○ ○   
  ○  ○  ○  
 ○   ○   ○ 
           
Chicken general (鶏将) and pup general (狗将)
  • Step: The chicken general and pup general can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to four squares orthogonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
     
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
  ☖  
 ○ ○ 
     
     
     
     
Pig general (豚将)
  • Limited range: The pig general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward; or
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally forward.
           
 ○       ○ 
  ○     ○  
   ○   ○   
    ○ ○    
     ☖     
     ○     
     ○     
           
           
           
Mountain stag (山鹿)
  • Step: The mountain stag can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares orthogonally backward.
         
         
 ○     ○ 
  ○   ○  
   ○○○   
  ○○☖○○  
    ○    
    ○    
    ○    
    ○    
         
Leopard king (豹王)
  • Limited range: The leopard king can move one to five squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
             
 ○    ○    ○ 
  ○   ○   ○  
   ○  ○  ○   
    ○ ○ ○    
     ○○○     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ○○○     
    ○ ○ ○    
   ○  ○  ○   
  ○   ○   ○  
 ○    ○    ○ 
             
Turtle dove (山鳩)
  • Step: The turtle dove can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
             
 ○         ○ 
  ○       ○  
   ○     ○   
    ○   ○    
     ○ ○     
     ○☖○     
      ○      
             
             
             
             
             
Cross-bow soldier (弓兵)
  • Step: The cross-bow soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally forward.
         
    ○    
    ○    
 ○  ○  ○ 
  ○ ○ ○  
   ○○○   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
         
         
         
         
         
Burning soldier (炮兵)
  • Step: The burning soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to seven squares orthogonally forward.
             
      ○      
      ○      
 ○    ○    ○ 
  ○   ○   ○  
   ○  ○  ○   
    ○ ○ ○    
     ○○○     
   ○○○☖○○○   
      ○      
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
Lance (香車), oxcart (牛車), and savage tiger (猛虎)
  • Ranging: The lance, oxcart and savage tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
     
     
Reverse Chariot (反車)
  • Ranging: The reverse chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
  │  
  │  
Side dragon (横龍)
  • Ranging: The side dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or sideways.
  │  
  │  
──☖──
     
     
Mountain witch (山母)
  • Range: The mountain witch can move any number of free squares in a straight line backward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • When it reaches the first rank, it must stay there until captured.
     
     
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
White horse (白駒)
  • Ranging: The white horse can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
  │  
  │  
Bird of paradise (⿰古寺·⿱時鳥) and multi general (雜将)
  • Range: The bird of paradise and multi general move as a white horse.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
  │  
  │  
Rook (飛車), soldier (兵士), running chariot (走車) and square mover (方行)
  • Ranging: The rook, soldier, running chariot and square mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • They have the same range of motion but promote differently (see above).
  │  
  │  
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Gliding swallow ()
  • Range: The gliding swallow moves as a rook.
  │  
  │  
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Free serpent and coiled dragon ()
  • Range: The free serpent and coiled dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward, or diagonally backward.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Whale ()
  • Ranging: The whale can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally backward.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Bishop ()
  • Ranging: A bishop can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.

Because it cannot move orthogonally, a bishop can only reach half the squares on the board.

╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱ ╲ 
╱   ╲
Free wolf ()
  • Range: The free wolf can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
     
     
Running leopard ()
  • Range: The running leopard can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
     
     
Wizard stork (仙·⿱而鷦)
  • Range: The wizard stork can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, backward or diagonally forward.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Flying Ox ()
  • Ranging: The flying ox can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Free bear, free leopard and great whale ()
  • Range: The free bear, free leopard and great whale move as a flying ox.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Treacherous fox ()
  • Ranging: The treacherous fox can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump: One version of the game allows it to jump to the second or third square in those directions then move, another does not.
Cavalier and strong chariot ()
  • Range: The cavalier and strong chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Free dragon and free tiger ()
  • Range: The free dragon and free tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally forward.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Queen ()
  • Ranging: The queen can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Free stag and strong eagle ()
  • Range: The free stag and strong eagle move as a queen.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Howling dog (left and right) ()
  • Step: The howling dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • The left and right howling dogs have the same range of motion but promote differently (see above).
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Vertical horse ()
  • Step: The vertical horse can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
 ○│○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Spear soldier ()
  • Step: The spear soldier can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Vertical pup ()
  • Step: The vertical pup can move one square backward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
 ○○○ 
     
Raiding falcon ()
  • Step: The raiding falcon can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Step: The raiding falcon can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
 ○│○ 
 ○☖○ 
     
     
Right iron chariot ()
  • Step: The right iron chariot can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the left.
     
  ○  
 ○☖○ 
 ╱○  
╱    
Left iron chariot ()
  • Step: The left iron chariot can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the right.
     
  ○  
 ○☖○ 
  ○╲ 
    ╲
Vertical leopard ()
  • Step: The vertical leopard can move one square orthogonally backward, sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
 ○│○ 
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Right dog ()
  • Step: The right dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or diagonally backward to the left.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
 ╱○  
╱    
Left dog ()
  • Step: The left dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or diagonally backward to the right.
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
  ○╲ 
    ╲
Ram's-head soldier ()
  • Ranging: The ram's-head soldier can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally backward.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Flying swallow ()
  • Step: The flying swallow can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Wood chariot ()
  • Step: The wood chariot can move one square diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
 ○│  
  ☖  
  │○ 
  │  
Tile chariot ()
  • Step: The tile chariot can move one square diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
  │○ 
  ☖  
 ○│  
  │  
Running boar ()
  • Step/range: The running boar moves as an earth chariot or vertical mover.
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  │  
  │  
Running pup and running serpent ()
  • Step: The running pup and running serpent can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  │  
  │  
Earth chariot ()
  • Step: The earth chariot can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  │  
  │  
Vertical mover ()
  • Ranging: The vertical mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  │  
  │  
Violent ox ()
  • Step: The violent ox can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
Side wolf ()
  • Step: The side wolf can move one square diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○   
──☖──
   ○ 
     
Side ox ()
  • Step: The side ox can move one square diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of squares orthogonally sideways.
     
   ○ 
──☖──
 ○   
     
Side mover ()
  • Ranging: The side mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
     
  ○  
──☖──
  ○  
     
Side monkey ()
  • Step: The side monkey can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○ ○ 
──☖──
  ○  
     
Divine sparrow ()
  • Step: The divine sparrow can move one square diagonally forward to the left or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward or forward to the left.

Note : this description is ambiguous and can be interpreted two ways.

Plodding ox ()
  • Step: The plodding ox can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
 ○│○ 
  ☖  
 ○│○ 
  │  
Swallow's wings ()
  • Step: The Swallow's wings can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○○○ 
──☖──
  ○  
     
Side flyer ()
  • Step: The side flyer can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○ ○ 
──☖──
 ○ ○ 
     
Flying stag and copper elephant ()
  • Step: The flying stag and copper elephant can move one square orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  │  
 ○│○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○│○ 
  │  
Vermilion sparrow ()
  • Step: The vermilion sparrow can move one square in the four orthogonal directions, or diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
╲    
 ╲○○ 
 ○☖○ 
 ○○╲ 
    ╲
Turtle-snake ()
  • Ranging: The turtle-snake can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the right or backward to the left.
  • Step: It can move one square in any of the remaining directions.
    ╱
 ○○╱ 
 ○☖○ 
 ╱○○ 
╱    
Side boar ()
  • Step: The side boar can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
 ○○○ 
──☖──
 ○○○ 
     
Left chariot ()
  • Ranging: The left chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the right.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally left.
╲ │  
 ╲│  
 ○☖  
   ╲ 
    ╲
Right chariot ()
  • Ranging: The right chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the left.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally right.
  │ ╱
  │╱ 
  ☖○ 
 ╱   
╱    
Great tiger ()
  • Step: The great tiger can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or backward.
     
  ○  
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Right tiger ()
  • Step: The right tiger can move one square diagonally right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally left or diagonally left.
╲    
 ╲ ○ 
──☖  
 ╱ ○ 
╱    
Left tiger ()
  • Step: The left tiger can move one square diagonally left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally right or diagonally right.
    ╱
 ○ ╱ 
  ☖──
 ○ ╲ 
    ╲
Great bear ()
  • Step: The great bear can move one square orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
     
Running Rabbit ()
  • Step: The running rabbit can move one square orthogonally or diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally or diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
 ○○○ 
     
Left army ()
  • Step: The left army can move one square orthogonally forward, backward, right or diagonally right.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line left, orthogonally or diagonally.
╲    
 ╲○○ 
──☖○ 
 ╱○○ 
╱    
Right army ()
  • Step: The right army can move one square orthogonally forward, backward, left or diagonally left.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line right, orthogonally or diagonally.
    ╱
 ○○╱ 
 ○☖──
 ○○╲ 
    ╲
Divine turtle ()
  • Step: The divine turtle can move one square diagonally forward to the left or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line along either rear diagonal, or diagonally forward to the right.
    ╱
 ○○╱ 
 ○☖○ 
 ╱○╲ 
╱   ╲
Running wolf ()
  • Step: The running wolf can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
──☖──
     
     
Flying falcon ()
  • Step: The flying falcon can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of squares in the four diagonal directions.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱ ╲ 
╱   ╲
Burning chariot ()
  • Step: The burning chariot can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
 ○☖○ 
  │  
  │  
Dragon king ()
  • Ranging: A dragon king can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  │  
 ○│○ 
──☖──
 ○│○ 
  │  
Dragon horse ()
  • Ranging: A dragon horse can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
 ○☖○ 
 ╱○╲ 
╱   ╲
Free boar ()
  • Step: The free boar can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
  ○  
     
Wind dragon ()
  • Step: The wind dragon can move one square diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, diagonally forward or diagonally backward to the right.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
──☖──
 ○ ╲ 
    ╲
Cloud dragon ()
  • Step: The cloud dragon can move one square orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward or in the four diagonal directions.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
 ○☖○ 
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Rain dragon ()
  • Step: The rain dragon can move one square orthogonally or diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or backward; or diagonally backward.
     
 ○○○ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Fire ox and violent wind ()
  • Step: The fire ox and violent wind can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward, forward or in the four diagonal directions.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
 ○☖○ 
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Chinese river ()
  • Step: The Chinese river can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
╲   ╱
 ╲○╱ 
──☖──
 ╱○╲ 
╱   ╲
Vertical tiger ()
  • Limited range: The vertical tiger can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
  │  
  │  
  ☖  
  ○  
  ○  
     
Wind snapping turtle ()
  • Limited range: The wind snapping turtle can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
 ○ │ ○ 
  ○│○  
   ☖   
   │   
   │   
   │   
Running tile ()
  • Limited range/range: The running tile moves as a running tiger or running bear.
   │   
   │   
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
Running tiger and running bear ()
  • Limited range: The running tiger and running bear can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
   │   
   │   
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
Golden deer ()
  • Ranging: The golden deer can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
╲     ╱
 ╲   ╱ 
  ╲ ╱  
   ☖   
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
Silver rabbit ()
  • Limited range: The silver rabbit can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward.
       
 ○   ○ 
  ○ ○  
   ☖   
  ╱ ╲  
 ╱   ╲ 
╱     ╲
Walking heron ()
  • Limited range: The walking heron can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
 ○ │ ○ 
  ○│○  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
   │   
Young bird ()
  • Limited range: The young bird can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
   │   
   │   
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○│○  
 ○ │ ○ 
   │   
Right dragon ()
  • Limited range: The right dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally left or diagonally left.
 ╲     
  ╲    
───☖○○ 
  ╱    
 ╱     
Left dragon ()
  • Limited range: The left dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally right or diagonally right.
     ╱ 
    ╱  
 ○○☖───
    ╲  
     ╲ 
Blue dragon ()
  • Ranging: The blue dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward to the right.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
   │ ╱ 
   │╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
White tiger ()
  • Ranging: The white tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, or diagonally forward to the left.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
╲      
 ╲ ○   
  ╲○   
───☖───
   ○   
   ○   
       
Divine tiger ()
  • Limited range: The divine tiger can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways, or diagonally forward to the left.
  │  
╲ │  
 ╲│  
──☖──
  ○  
  ○  
     
Divine dragon ()
  • Limited range: The divine dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally left.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, right, backward or diagonally forward to the right.
   │ ╱ 
   │╱  
 ○○☖───
   │   
   │   
Running stag ()
  • Limited range: The running stag can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
     
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
──☖──
  ○  
  ○  
     
Rear standard ()
  • Limited range: The rear standard can move one or two squares diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally
   │   
 ○ │ ○ 
  ○│○  
───☖───
  ○│○  
 ○ │ ○ 
   │   
Ceramic dove ()
  • Limited range: The ceramic dove can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions
╲     ╱
 ╲ ○ ╱ 
  ╲○╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ╱○╲  
 ╱ ○ ╲ 
╱     ╲
Elephant king ()
  • Limited range/range: The elephant king moves as a ceramic dove.
╲     ╱
 ╲ ○ ╱ 
  ╲○╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ╱○╲  
 ╱ ○ ╲ 
╱     ╲
Woodland demon ()
  • Limited range: The woodland demon can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
   │   
Free chicken ()
  • Limited range/range: The free chicken moves as a woodland demon.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
   │   
Horseman ()
  • Limited range: The horseman can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
Great horse ()
  • Limited range/range: The great horse moves as a horseman.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
Free dog ()
  • Limited range: The free dog can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○│○  
 ○ │ ○ 
   │   
Running ox ()
  • Limited range: The running ox can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
───☖───
  ○ ○  
 ○   ○ 
       
Chariot soldier ()
  • Limited range: The chariot soldier can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, orthogonally backward or in the four diagonal directions.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ╱│╲  
 ╱ │ ╲ 
Fire demon ()
  • Limited range: The fire demon can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.

It cannot burn other pieces as in tenjiku shogi.

╲     ╱
 ╲ ○ ╱ 
  ╲○╱  
───☖───
  ╱○╲  
 ╱ ○ ╲ 
╱     ╲
Water buffalo ()
  • Ranging: The water buffalo can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
     
╲ ○ ╱
 ╲○╱ 
──☖──
 ╱○╲ 
╱ ○ ╲
     
Strong bear ()
  • Limited range: The strong bear can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  │  
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱○╲ 
╱ ○ ╲
     
Liberated horse ()
  • Step: The liberated horse can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
  │  
 ○│○ 
  ☖  
  ○  
  ○  
     
Vertical bear ()
  • Step: The vertical bear can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
   │   
   │   
   │   
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
       
Vertical soldier ()
  • Step: The vertical soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
   │   
   │   
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
Tiger soldier ()
  • Step: The tiger soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
     
╲ ○ ╱
 ╲○╱ 
  ☖  
  ○  
     
     
Earth dragon ()
  • Step: The earth dragon can move one square orthogonally forward or diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward.

The Japanese Wikipedia describes another set of movements for this piece.

  • Step: The earth dragon can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward.
Silver chariot ()
  • Step: The silver chariot can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
 ○ │ ○ 
  ○│○  
   ☖   
  ○│○  
   │   
   │   
Stone chariot ()
  • Step: The stone chariot can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of squares orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
  ○│○  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
Side soldier ()
  • Step: The side soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
  ○  
  ○  
──☖──
  ○  
     
     
Gold chariot ()
  • Step: The gold chariot can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
   │   
  ○│○  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○│○  
   │   
Boar soldier, leopard soldier and bear soldier ()
  • Step: The boar soldier, leopard soldier and bear soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   ○   
       
Free pup ()
  • Step: The free pup can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally forward.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○│○  
   │   
Free ox, free horse and free pig ()
  • Step/limited range/range: The free ox, free horse and free pig move as a free pup.
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ○│○  
   │   
Little standard ()
  • Step: The little standard can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
   │   
 ○ │ ○ 
  ○│○  
───☖───
  ○│○  
   │   
   │   
Copper chariot ()
  • Limited range: The copper chariot can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
    ☖    
    │    
    │    
    │    
    │    
Forest demon ()
  • Limited range: The forest demon can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
╲       ╱
 ╲  ○  ╱ 
  ╲ ○ ╱  
   ╲○╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    │    
    │    
    │    
    │    
Great dragon ()
  • Limited range: The great dragon can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
     
  ○  
╲ ○ ╱
 ╲○╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱○╲ 
╱ ○ ╲
  ○  
     
Center standard and front standard ()
  • Limited range: The center standard and front standard can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above). Uniquely, when a center standard promotes to a front standard, it gains no new abilities.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
────☖────
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
 ○  │  ○ 
    │    
Great dove ()
  • Limited range: The great dove can move one to three squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
╲       ╱
 ╲  ○  ╱ 
  ╲ ○ ╱  
   ╲○╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ╱○╲   
  ╱ ○ ╲  
 ╱  ○  ╲ 
╱       ╲
Great standard ()
  • Limited range: The great standard can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
────☖────
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
 ○  │  ○ 
    │    
Vertical wolf ()
  • Step: The vertical wolf can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
  │  
  │  
  │  
 ○☖○ 
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
     
Side serpent ()
  • Step: The side serpent can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
     
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
──☖──
  ○  
     
     
     
Cloud eagle ()
  • Step: The cloud eagle can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
   ○☖○   
    │    
    │    
    │    
    │    
Goose wing ()
  • Step: The goose wing can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of squares orthogonally forward or backward.
    │    
   ○│○   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ○│○   
    │    
Horse soldier and ox soldier ()
  • Step: The horse soldier and ox soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently (see above).
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
         
Spear general ()
  • Limited range: The spear general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
    │    
    │    
    │    
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
    ○    
         
Burning general ()
  • Limited range: The burning general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
    ○    
    ○    
         
Beast bird and captive bird ()
  • Limited range: The beast bird and captive bird can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or in the four diagonal directions.
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ╱○╲   
  ╱ ○ ╲  
 ╱     ╲ 
Longbow soldier ()
  • Step: The longbow soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
  ○○☖○○  
    ○    
         
         
         
Great leopard ()
  • Step: The great leopard can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
  ○○☖○○  
    ○    
         
         
         
Thunder runner ()
  • Limited range: The thunder runner can move one to four squares orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
╲    │    ╱
 ╲   │   ╱ 
  ╲  │  ╱  
   ╲ │ ╱   
    ╲│╱    
 ○○○○☖○○○○ 
     ○     
     ○     
     ○     
     ○     
           
Fire dragon ()
  • Limited range: The fire dragon can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
     │     
 ○   │   ○ 
  ○  │  ○  
   ○ │ ○   
    ○│○    
─────☖─────
    ○│○    
   ○ │ ○   
     │     
     │     
     │     
Water dragon ()
  • Limited range: The water dragon can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
     │     
     │     
     │     
   ○ │ ○   
    ○│○    
─────☖─────
    ○│○    
   ○ │ ○   
  ○  │  ○  
 ○   │   ○ 
     │     
Longbow general ()
  • Limited range: The longbow general can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
    ╲ │ ╱    
     ╲│╱     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ╱│╲     
    ╱ │ ╲    
Right phoenix ()
  • Limited range: The right phoenix can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
    ╲ │ ╱    
     ╲│╱     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ╱│╲     
    ╱ │ ╲    
Peaceful mountain ()
  • Limited range: The peaceful mountain can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
╲           ╱
 ╲    ○    ╱ 
  ╲   ○   ╱  
   ╲  ○  ╱   
    ╲ ○ ╱    
     ╲○╱     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ╱ ╲     
    ╱   ╲    
   ╱     ╲   
  ╱       ╲  
 ╱         ╲ 
╱           ╲
Free demon ()
  • Limited range: The free demon can move one to five squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally right.

The Japanese Wikipedia describes another set of movements for this piece.

  • Limited range: The free demon can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally sideways.
Free dream-eater ()
  • Ranging: The free dream-eater can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
    ╲ │ ╱    
     ╲│╱     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ╱│╲     
    ╱ │ ╲    
Free fire ()
  • Limited range: The free fire can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
     
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
╲ ○ ╱
 ╲○╱ 
──☖──
 ╱○╲ 
╱ ○ ╲
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
     
Running dragon ()
  • Limited range: The running dragon can move one to five squares orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  │  
  │  
  │  
  │  
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱○╲ 
╱ ○ ╲
  ○  
  ○  
  ○  
     
Great shark ()
  • Limited range: The shark can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
      │      
 ○    │    ○ 
  ○   │   ○  
   ○  │  ○   
    ○ │ ○    
     ○│○     
──────☖──────
     ○│○     
    ○ │ ○    
      │      
      │      
      │      
      │      
Cross-bow general ()
  • Limited range: The cross-bow general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
      │      
 ○    │    ○ 
  ○   │   ○  
   ○  │  ○   
    ○ │ ○    
     ○│○     
   ○○○☖○○○   
      ○      
      ○      
             
             
             
             
Playful cockatoo ()
  • Limited range: The playful cockatoo can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
      │      
   ○  │  ○   
    ○ │ ○    
     ○│○     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ○│○     
    ○ │ ○    
      │      
      │      
Knight ()
  • Jump: A knight jumps at an angle intermediate between orthogonal and diagonal, amounting to one square forward plus one square diagonally forward, in a single motion. That is, it has a choice of two forward destinations.
  • The knight ignores intervening pieces on the way to its destination, though its destination square must of course be either empty, or occupied by an opponent's piece (in which case the opponent's piece is captured), just as with any other moving piece.
     
 ☆ ☆ 
     
  ☖  
     
     
     
Flying dragon ()
  • Jump: The flying dragon can jump to the second square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Because it cannot move orthogonally or to every diagonal square, a flying dragon can only reach one eighth of the squares on the board.
       
 ☆   ☆ 
       
   ☖   
       
 ☆   ☆ 
       
Kirin ()
  • Step: A Kirin can move one square orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally sideways.
       
  ○ ○  
 ☆ ☖ ☆ 
  ○ ○  
       
Phoenix ()
  • Step: The phoenix can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square in the four diagonal directions.
       
 ☆   ☆ 
   ○   
  ○☖○  
   ○   
 ☆   ☆ 
       
Flying cat ()
  • Step: The flying cat can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square orthogonally forward or sideways, or diagonally forward.
         
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
         
         
 ☆  ☖  ☆ 
   ○○○   
         
         
         
Running horse ()
  • Step: The running horse can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally or diagonally forward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square diagonally backwards
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
   ☖   
   ○   
 ☆   ☆ 
       
Mountain falcon ()
  • Limited range: The mountain falcon can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions or diagonally forward.
Note: This is the depiction of the diagram in Japanese wiki. However, the text makes no mention of an ability to move orthogonally sideways.
Little turtle ()
  • Limited range: The little turtle can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
╲     ╱
 ╲ ☆ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ╱│╲  
 ╱ ☆ ╲ 
╱  │  ╲
Great stag ()
  • Limited range: The great stag can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
   │   
 ☆ │ ☆ 
   │   
───☖───
  ○│○  
 ○ │ ○ 
   │   
Mountain eagle (left) ()
  • Limited range: The left mountain eagle can move one or two squares diagonally backward to the right.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square along either left diagonal.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally left, diagonally forward to the right, or in the four orthogonal directions.
╲  │  ╱
 ☆ │ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
───☖───
  ╱│○  
 ☆ │ ○ 
╱  │   
Mountain eagle (right) ()
  • Limited range: The right mountain eagle can move one or two squares diagonally backward to the left.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square along either right diagonal.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally right, diagonally forward to the left, or in the four orthogonal directions.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ │ ☆ 
  ╲│╱  
───☖───
  ○│╲  
 ○ │ ☆ 
   │  ╲
Kirin master ()
  • Limited range: The Kirin master can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally or orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square orthogonally forward or backward.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  ☆  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ╱  ☆  ╲ 
╱   │   ╲
Great turtle ()
  • Limited range: The great turtle can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  ☆  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ╱  ☆  ╲ 
╱   │   ╲
Phoenix master ()
  • Limited range: The phoenix master can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally or orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square diagonally forward.
╲   │   ╱
 ☆  │  ☆ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ╱  │  ╲ 
╱   │   ╲
Great master ()
  • Limited range: The great master can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally, or orthogonally backward.
╲     │     ╱
 ╲    │    ╱ 
  ╲   │   ╱  
   ☆  ☆  ☆   
    ╲ │ ╱    
     ╲│╱     
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ○│○     
    ○ │ ○    
   ○  │  ○   
  ○   │   ○  
 ○    │    ○ 
      │      
Horned falcon ()
  • Ranging: The horned falcon can move as a queen.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ ☆ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
───☖───
  ╱│╲  
 ╱ │ ╲ 
╱  │  ╲
Soaring eagle ()
  • Jump: The soaring eagle can jump to the second square diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
╲  │  ╱
 ☆ │ ☆ 
  ╲│╱  
───☖───
  ╱│╲  
 ╱ │ ╲ 
╱  │  ╲
Roaring dog ()
  • Limited range: The roaring dog can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  ☆  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
─☆──☖──☆─
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
 ○  ☆  ○ 
    │    
Lion dog ()
  • Jump: The lion dog can jump to the third square in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
╲   │   ╱
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
─☆──☖──☆─
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
╱   │   ╲
Great dream-eater ()
  • Jump: The great dream-eater can jump to the third square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
─☆──☖──☆─
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
Heavenly horse ()
  • Jump: The heavenly horse jumps at an angle intermediate between orthogonal and diagonal, amounting to one square forward plus one square diagonally forward, in a single motion; or one square backward plus one square diagonally backward, in a single motion.
  • It ignores intervening pieces while jumping to its destination, though its destination square must of course be either empty, or occupied by an opponent's piece (in which case the opponent's piece is captured), just as with any other moving piece.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  │  
 ☆│☆ 
  │  
  ☖  
     
 ☆ ☆ 
     
Spirit turtle ()
  • Jump: The spirit turtle can jump to the third square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  ☆  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
─☆──☖──☆─
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ╱  ☆  ╲ 
╱   │   ╲
Treasure turtle ()
  • Jump: The treasure turtle can jump to the second square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
╲  │  ╱
 ╲ ☆ ╱ 
  ╲│╱  
─☆─☖─☆─
  ╱│╲  
 ╱ ☆ ╲ 
╱  │  ╲
Wooden dove ()
  • Limited range: The wooden dove can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions, but has the option of jumping in these directions instead of ranging.
  • Jump plus limited range: It can jump to the third square in the four diagonal directions, and then (optionally) move one or two squares in the same direction.
╲           ╱
 ○         ○ 
  ○       ○  
   ☆     ☆   
    ╲ ○ ╱    
     ╲○╱     
    ○○☖○○    
     ╱○╲     
    ╱ ○ ╲    
   ☆     ☆   
  ○       ○  
 ○         ○ 
╱           ╲
Center master ()
  • Limited range: The center master can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square and then move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
  • It need not jump before moving nor move after jumping.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ☆ ☆ ☆  
   ╲ ╱   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ○│○   
  ○ ☆ ○  
 ○  │  ○ 
    │    
Roc master ()
  • Limited range: The roc master can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Jump/ Ranging: It can jump to the third square and then move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • It need not jump before moving nor move after jumping.
╲     │     ╱
 ╲    │    ╱ 
  ╲   │   ╱  
   ☆  │  ☆   
      │      
      │      
 ○○○○○☖○○○○○ 
     ○│○     
    ○ │ ○    
   ○  │  ○   
  ○   │   ○  
 ○    │    ○ 
      │      
Free eagle ()
  • Jump/ranging: The free eagle can jump to the second or third square, and then move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions or diagonally backward.
  • Jump/ranging: It can jump to the second to fourth square, and then move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • It need not jump before moving nor move after jumping.
╲    │    ╱
 ☆   │   ☆ 
  ☆  ☆  ☆  
   ☆ ☆ ☆   
    ╲│╱    
──☆☆─☖─☆☆──
    ╱│╲    
   ☆ ☆ ☆   
  ☆  ☆  ☆  
 ╱   │   ╲ 
╱    │    ╲
Free bird ()
  • Limited range: The free bird can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces diagonally forward, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   3│3   
────☖────
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
 ○  │  ○ 
    │    
Great falcon ()
  • Range: The great falcon can move any number of squares in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward before (optionally) moving on in that direction.
  │  
╲ ☆ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ ☆ ╲
  │  
Teaching king ()
  • Jump and range: The teaching king can jump up to three pieces along a straight line in any diagonal or orthogonal direction, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
╲   │   ╱
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
         
         
─☆  ☖  ☆─
         
         
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
╱   │   ╲
Mountain crane ()
  • Range: The mountain crane can move as a queen.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square and (optionally) continue in that direction.
╲   │   ╱
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   ╲│╱   
─☆──☖──☆─
   ╱│╲   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ☆  ☆  ☆ 
╱   │   ╲
Great eagle ()
  • Range: The great eagle can move as a queen.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally, and (optionally) continue moving in that direction.
╲  │  ╱
 ☆ ☆ ☆ 
  ╲│╱  
─☆─☖─☆─
  ╱│╲  
 ☆ ☆ ☆ 
╱  │  ╲
Great elephant ()
  • Limited range: The great elephant can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces in a straight line diagonally backward or in one of the four orthogonal directions, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○1○   
───1☖1───
   313   
  ╱ │ ╲  
 ╱  │  ╲ 
╱   │   ╲
Golden bird ()
  • Limited range: The golden bird can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces diagonally forward, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
╲   │   ╱
 ╲  │  ╱ 
  ╲ │ ╱  
   3│3   
 ○○○☖○○○ 
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
 ○  │  ○ 
    │    
Ancient dragon ()
  • Range: The ancient dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging jump: It can jump over any number of squares orthogonally forward or backward.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Rain demon ()
  • Limited range: The rain demon can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward.
  • Range jump: It can jump any number of squares along either forward diagonal.
       
╲  ○  ╱
 ╲ ○ ╱ 
  ╲○╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
   │   
   │   
   │   
   │   
Rook general ()
  • Range capture: The rook general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any orthogonal direction, so long as they don't contain a royal (king or prince) or another range capturing piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  │  
  │  
──☖──
  │  
  │  
Bishop general ()
  • Range capture: The bishop general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any diagonal direction, so long as they don't contain a royal (king or prince) or another range capturing piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
╲   ╱
 ╲ ╱ 
  ☖  
 ╱ ╲ 
╱   ╲
Great general ()
  • Range capture: The great general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally, as long as they don't contain a royal (king or prince) or another great general. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
╲ │ ╱
 ╲│╱ 
──☖──
 ╱│╲ 
╱ │ ╲
Violent dragon ()
  • Limited range: The violent dragon can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range capture: It can fly over any number of pieces along one of the four diagonal directions, as long as they don't include a royal (king or prince) or another range-jumping piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
╲     ╱
 ╲ ○ ╱ 
  ╲○╱  
 ○○☖○○ 
  ╱○╲  
 ╱ ○ ╲ 
╱     ╲
Flying crocodile ()
  • Limited range: The flying crocodile can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Range capture: It can jump any number of pieces in one of the four orthogonal directions, as long as these do not include a royal (king or prince) or another range-capturing piece. Any piece it jumps over is removed from the board.
    │    
 ○  │  ○ 
  ○ │ ○  
   ○│○   
────☖────
   ○│○   
  ○ │ ○  
    │    
    │    
Vice general ()
  • Jump: The vice general can jump to the second square in the four orthogonal directions. This is a standard jump.
  • Range capture: It can fly over any number of squares along one of the four diagonal directions, as long as they don't contain a royal (king or prince), great general, or another vice general. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
╲     ╱
 ╲ ☆ ╱ 
  ╲ ╱  
 ☆ ☖ ☆ 
  ╱ ╲  
 ╱ ☆ ╲ 
╱     ╲
Hook mover ()
  • Hook move: The hook mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions, then (optionally) turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.
 ─┼─ 
│ ┼ │
┼┼☖┼┼
│ ┼ │
 ─┼─ 
Long-nosed goblin (tengu) ()
  • Hook move: The long-nosed goblin can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions, then (optionally) turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.

Unlike in other shogi variants, in taikyoku the tengu cannot move orthogonally, and therefore can only reach half of the squares on the board. This is the move of the capricorn, and may be an error.

╳   ╳
 ╳ ╳ 
  ☖  
 ╳ ╳ 
╳   ╳
Capricorn ()
  • Hook move: The Capricorn can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions, then (optionally) turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.
The description of the Tengu imply the capricorn also can move one square orthogonally. If it isn't the case, it can only reach half of the squares on the board.
Peacock ()
  • Hook move: The peacock can move any number of free squares in a straight line along one of the two forward diagonals, then (optionally) turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a straight line in a perpendicular diagonal direction.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares in one of the two rearward diagonals.
╳ ╱ ╲ ╳
 ╳   ╳ 
╱ ╳ ╳ ╲
 ╱ ☖ ╲ 
╱ ○ ○ ╲
 ○   ○ 
       
Heavenly Tetrarch king ()
  • Range: The Heavenly Tetrarch king can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square before (optionally) moving on in that direction.
  • It can capture a piece on an adjacent square without moving (igui).
╲  │  ╱
 ☆ ☆ ☆ 
  ╲!╱  
─☆!☖!☆─
  ╱!╲  
 ☆ ☆ ☆ 
╱  │  ╲
Lion ()
  • Area move/double capture: The lion can step one square in any direction up to twice in a turn. It can change directions after its first step, and is not restricted to following one of the eight orthogonal or diagonal directions. That is, it can also step to one of the in-between squares that a knight jumps to in Western chess.
    • Unlike the hook movers, it can continue after a capture on the first step, potentially capturing two pieces on each turn.
    • By moving back to its starting square, it can effectively capture a piece on an adjacent square without moving. This is called 居喰い igui "stationary feeding".
    • A similar move without capturing leaves the board unchanged, which is a way to pass a turn.
Or,
  • Jump: The lion can jump anywhere within two squares. This is equivalent to jumping in any of the eight diagonal or orthogonal directions, or making any of the jumps of a knight in Western chess.
Note: The restrictions when capturing a lion in chu shogi do not apply in taikyoku shogi.
Furious fiend ()
  • Area move/double capture or jump: The furious fiend can move as a lion; or
  • Limited range: It can move three squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal. (A normal move: it can only capture once and cannot jump when doing this.)
Buddhist spirit ()
  • Area move/double capture: The Buddhist spirit can move as a lion, or
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
Lion hawk ()
  • Area move/double capture/ranging: The lion hawk can move as a lion or as a bishop.
  • Jump/ranging: It can leap to the second square in any diagonal direction before making a bishop move in that same direction.

See also

References
  1. Osaka University of Commerce: Amusement Industry Labo. "過去の展示情報 (Past exhibition information)". Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  2. Depending on the source, this might instead be 古鵰 (old phoenix) or 石鵰 (stone phoenix)
  • George Hodges: Ten Shogi Variants
  • Isao Umebayashi: Sekai no Shogi
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