Thomas Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan

Thomas Godfrey Polson Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan, KT, KBE, MC, TD (19 December 1895 – 30 November 1977) had a distinguished military career, and was Chief Scout of the British Commonwealth and Empire and Governor of Tasmania.

The Right Honourable The Lord Rowallan KT KBE MC TD
19th Governor of Tasmania
In office 21 October 1959 – 25 March 1963
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Premier	Eric Reece (1959–63)
Preceded by	Sir Ronald Cross
Succeeded by	Sir Charles Gairdner
Member of the House of Lords
In office 19 March 1933 – 30 November 1977 Hereditary Peerage
Preceded by	Archibald Corbett
Succeeded by	Arthur Corbett
Personal details
Born	19 December 1895 Chelsea, London
Died	30 November 1977 (aged 81) Rowallan Castle, Kilmarnock
Nationality	British
Spouse(s)	Gwyn Mervyn Grimond
Civilian awards	Knight of the Order of the Thistle Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch/service	British Army
Years of service	1914–1918 1939–1944
Rank	Lieutenant Colonel
Battles/wars	First World War Gallipoli Campaign Sinai and Palestine Campaign Second Battle of Gaza Western Front Operation Michael Second World War Battle of France Operation Ariel
Military awards	Military Cross Territorial Decoration

Early life

The first son of Archibald Corbett, the liberal politician and property developer and Alice Mary, the daughter of John Polson, a corn merchant, Thomas Corbett was born in Chelsea, London, on 19 December 1895 and was brought up in London and on the family's Scottish estates. Known as "Billy" to the family, he was educated at Gibbs School in Sloane Street, London, Wellington House Preparatory School in Westgate-on-Sea and Eton College.[1]

First World War

Corbett was 18 when the First World War broke out; he secured a Commission in the Ayrshire Yeomanry and went with them to Gallipoli in October 1915. The Ayrshires were amongst the last troops to be evacuated and went from there to Egypt, forming part of the cavalry reserve in the Second Battle of Gaza. He then transferred to the Grenadier Guards; after re-training he was sent to the Western Front in March 1918, joining the 1st Battalion at Mercatel as a lieutenant. This coincided with the German Spring Offensive (Operation Michael), and the battalion was soon in action. At Boyelles on 30 March 1918, Corbett attempted to dig out some wounded soldiers who had been buried by artillery, while "under heavy fire and in full view of the enemy" and was awarded the Military Cross but received a leg wound which left him with a permanent disability.[2]

Family life

Corbett married Gwyn Mervyn Grimond on 14 August 1918. She was the sister of Jo Grimond, Baron Grimond, the leader of the Liberal Party 1956–67 and daughter of Joseph Bowman Grimond of St Andrews, Fife. He had met her while on leave; they had five sons (one of whom was killed in action in 1944) and a daughter. On leaving the army he became a successful breeder of pedigree dairy cattle on the family estate in Ayrshire and campaigned for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis. He succeeded as the 2nd Baron Rowallan on 19 March 1933.[3] Rowallan became district commissioner for north-west Ayrshire Scouts in 1922 and also served as Adjutant of the Ayrshire Yeomanry.

Second World War

In 1939, Corbett raised a new Territorial Army battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers whom he accompanied to France as part of the British Expeditionary Force in 1939. Evacuated from Cherbourg during Operation Ariel, he was then given command of a Young Soldiers’ Battalion in the Scottish Highlands; the adventurous training he initiated was based in part on his long association with the Scout Movement.[4] His success earned him the position of Commandant at the new Highland Fieldcraft Training Centre in Glenfeshie and Poolewe, which had been established to provide leadership experience to junior officers. A measure of his influence is that a "Rowallan Company" was formed at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1977 using his methods to improve the performance of Officer Cadets.[5]

Chief Scout

Scouts of a Norwegian Scout group from Bergen meet Lord Rowallan (centre) at Gilwell Park in 1950.

In 1944, Rowallan accepted the position of Scottish Headquarters Commissioner for leader training. The death of Lord Somers in 1945 coincided with Rowallan's demobilization from the Army and he accepted the invitation to become the Chief Scout of the United Kingdom and Dependant Territories in February of that year and was elected Chief Scout of the British Commonwealth and Empire in April, appointments that he retained until 1959.[6] Rowallan served on the World Scout Committee of the World Organization of the Scout Movement from 1947 until 1953.

Overseas tours

As Chief Scout, Rowallan travelled widely in the Commonwealth and other countries, encouraging the post-war growth of local Scouting; his tours included:

• Belgium (April 1945)
• Canada (August – September 1946)
• Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast and Nigeria including the West African Jamboree (January – March 1947)
• United States of America (May 1948)
• Australia and New Zealand (1948–49)
• Union of South Africa, Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland (January – March 1950)
• Kenya, Zanzibar, Tanganyika and Uganda (October – December 1950)
• Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Guiana, British Honduras, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Kitts, Saint Vincent and Trinidad (January – April 1952)
• Suez Canal Zone, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Malta, Greece and Italy (May – June 1954)
• Scandinavia (July 1954)
• Borneo, Brunei, Ceylon, Hong Kong, Malaya, Sarawak and Singapore (September – October 1954)
• Australia including the Pan-Pacific Jamboree, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga and the Solomon Islands (December 1955 – February 1956)
• Canada (September – October 1958)
• Southern Rhodesia including the Central African Jamboree (May 1959)[7]

Honours and commemorations

Rowallan was awarded the Silver Buffalo Award, the highest award of the Boy Scouts of America in 1948.[8] He received the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh in March 1957 and was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Thistle in March of that year.[9] Also in 1957, he received the Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting. In 1954, a Britannia Class Locomotive (No. 70045) was named in his honour.[10] Scout camp sites in Riddells Creek[11] in Victoria, and Wrexham[12] in Wales are named after him; as is the Kenya Scouts Association Headquarters Campsite in Nairobi.[13]

Governor of the National Bank of Scotland

From 1947 until 1953 Rowallan was a Governor of the National Bank of Scotland.[14]

Governor of Tasmania

Rowallan became Governor of Tasmania on 21 October 1959, despite the Labor Party having resolved that the next governor of Tasmania should be an Australian. He did much to promote Tasmania and to protect its interests and sovereignty. Rowallan Power Station and its associated dam and lake are named after him. In his spare time, he built up a herd of Jersey cattle at Government House and sailed a yacht which he later gave to the local Sea Scouts. In 1961 Rowallan was diagnosed as suffering from cancer of the palate, for which he was treated in London. His term of office ended on 25 March 1963 and he retired to his family estate in Scotland. He completed his autobiography, "Rowallan", in his eightieth year.

Corbett died at Rowallan Castle near Kilmarnock on 30 November 1977. He was survived by his daughter and four of his five sons; his other son, John, had been killed in action in 1944.[14]

Arms

Coat of arms of Thomas Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan

Crest A branch of oak thereon a raven Sable. Escutcheon Quarterly 1st & 4th Argent a key fesseways wards downwards between two ravens Sable (Corbett) 2nd & 3rd Azure a chevron Or between two bears’ heads couped Argent muzzled Gules in chief and in base a cross moline of the third (Polson). Supporters Dexter a salmon Proper holding in its mouth a jewelled ring Or sinister a seal Proper. Motto Deus Pascit Corvos [15]

References

1. Rowallan K.T., Lord (1976). Rowallan: The Autobiography of Lord Rowallan K.T. Edinburgh: Paul Harris Publishing. p. 33. ISBN 9781554882823. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
2. Rowallan K.T., Lord (1976). Rowallan: The Autobiography of Lord Rowallan K.T. Edinburgh: Paul Harris Publishing. pp. 46–50. ISBN 9781554882823. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
3. "Exhibit".
4. Rowallan: the autobiography of Lord Rowallan, Paul Harris Publishing Ltd, 1976, ISBN 0-919670-12-1 Foreword, page x
5. http://hftca.org.uk/
6. "Meet the Chiefs" (PDF). The Scout Information Centre. October 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2007. Retrieved 8 December 2007.
7. The Scout Association (2006), An Official History of Scouting, Hamlyn ISBN 978-0-600-61398-5 (pp. 176–180)
8. "2007 Silver Buffalo Awards for Distinguished Service to Youth on a National Level". Scouting. Boy Scouts of America National Council. 2007. Archived from the original on 26 February 2008. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
9. The Scout Association 2006 (p. 179)
10. http://www.thescoutingpages.org.uk/railway.html
11. "About the Camp".
12. "Rowallan – Clwyd Scouts".
13. "Kenya Scouts Association".
14. "Rowallan, second Baron (1895–1977)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
15. Burke's Peerage. 1959.