Timeline of Burundian history

This is a timeline of Burundian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Burundi and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Burundi. See also the list of Kings of Burundi, list of colonial governors of Burundi, and list of Presidents of Burundi.

19th century

Year	Date	Event
1858		The area was visited by British explorer John Hanning Speke, who became the first European to do so.

20th century

Year	Date	Event
1903		Burundi came under the control of Germany.[1]
1922	20 July	Burundi and Rwanda were joined into the League of Nations mandate of Ruanda-Urundi, governed by Belgium.[1]
1962	1 July	Burundi received independence from Belgium.[1]
1965	15 January	Prime Minister Pierre Ngendandumwe was assassinated by a Rwandan Tutsi.
1966	28 November	Michel Micombero became the first President of Burundi.
1972	27 April	Burundi genocide (1972): A rebellion broke out which led to a genocide against Hutus.
1976	2 November	Jean-Baptiste Bagaza assumed the Presidency of Burundi in a bloodless coup d'état.
1987	3 September	1987 Burundian coup d'état: Bagaza was deposed while in Canada.[2]
	2 October	Pierre Buyoya was sworn in as President of Burundi.[3]
1992	March	Burundi adopted a new constitution.[4]
1993	2 June	Burundian presidential election, 1993: The Hutu Melchior Ndadaye won the election.
	21 October	Burundi Civil War: Ndadaye was assassinated by Tutsi extremists, starting a genocide against Tutsis and a civil war.[1]
1994	5 February	Cyprien Ntaryamira took office as President of Burundi.
	6 April	Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira: Ntaryamira and Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana were shot down as their aircraft approached Kigali.[5]
	8 April	Sylvestre Ntibantunganya was named interim President.[6]
	25 April	An attempted military coup was averted.[6]
	30 September	Ntibantunganya was elected President by a new Convention of Government.[6]
1995	11 March	Mines and Energy Minister Ernest Kabushemeye was eaten by cannibals in Bujumbura.[7]
1996	21 July	Hutu rebels attacked a refugee camp in the country, killing more than three hundred people.[8]
	25 July	1996 Burundian coup d'état: Buyoya returned to power.[9]

21st century

Year	Date	Event
2004	May	The United Nations Operation in Burundi was established.
2005	19 August	Burundian presidential election, 2005: Sole candidate Pierre Nkurunziza was elected President of Burundi.
2007	February	The United Nations shut down its peacekeeping operations in Burundi.
2019	February	The Burundian parliament votes to move the capital from Bujumbura to Gitega.

See also

• Timeline of Bujumbura

References

General

• "Timeline: Burundi". BBC. 25 February 2010. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

Specific

1. Notholt (2008), p. 2.26
2. Lawson & Bertucci (1996), p. 168
3. Europa (2004), p. 135
4. Kieh (2007), p. 73
5. Notholt (2008), p. 2.24
6. Europa (2004), p. 136
7. "World News Briefs; Burundi Aide Killed, Raising Ethnic Tension", The New York Times, The New York Times Company, 12 March 1995, retrieved 6 June 2010
8. Reuters (22 July 1996), "300 Slain in Attack on Camp For Refugees in Burundi Strife", The New York Times, The New York Times Company, retrieved 6 June 2010
9. Palmer (2005), p. 221

Sources

• Europa Publications (2004). Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Routledge. ISBN 1-85743-183-9.
• Kieh, George Klay (2007). Beyond State Failure and Collapse: Making the State Relevant in Africa. Lexington Books. ISBN 0-7391-0892-1.
• Lawson, Edward H.; Bertucci, Mary Lou (1996). Encyclopedia of Human Rights. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-56032-362-0.
• Notholt, Stuart (2008). Fields of Fire: An Atlas of Ethnic Conflict. Troubador Publishing. ISBN 1-906510-47-4.
• Palmer, Mark (2005). Breaking the Real Axis of Evil: How to Oust the World's Last Dictators by 2025. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-7425-3255-0.

Further reading

• Institut für Afrika-Kunde; Rolf Hofmeier, eds. (1990). "Burundi". Afrika Jahrbuch 1989 (in German). Germany: Leske + Budrich. doi:10.1007/978-3-322-92639-5. OCLC 19093344. Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in Afrika südlich der Sahara
• "Burundi". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. p. 51+. ISBN 0203409957.
• Stef Vandeginste (2013). "Burundi". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. 9. Koninklijke Brill. p. 291+. ISSN 1871-2525.