Tornado outbreak of January 2, 2006

The tornado outbreak of January 1–2, 2006, was one of the largest tornado outbreaks ever recorded in the month of January. The outbreak affected much of the Central and Southern United States and produced 20 tornadoes. The tornadoes caused considerable damage in the states of Kentucky and Georgia. There were no tornado related fatalities and only minor injuries were reported.

Tornado outbreak of January 2, 2006
Outlook on January 2, 2006
TypeTornado outbreak
DurationDecember 31, 2005 – January 2, 2006
Tornadoes confirmed20 confirmed
Max. rating1F3 tornado
Duration of tornado outbreak23 days, 7 hours
Highest winds
  • 275 mph (443 km/h)
Largest hail0.75 inches (1.9 cm)
Damage$7.4 million (2006 USD)
Casualties1 non-tornadic fatality,[1] 5 tornadic injuries
Areas affectedCentral and Southern United States
1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale
2Time from first tornado to last tornado

Storm history

A low pressure system crossed over the Central United States and a short wave trough was forming over Texas, contributing to record warmth on January 1 and 2 in the lower Ohio Valley and southern United States. Areas from Missouri to Indiana reported temperatures reaching from the high 60s°F to mid 70s°F.[2]

On December 31, 2005 at 0600 UTC, in its day 1 forecast for January 1, 2006, the Storm Prediction Center issued in a slight risk of severe storms for the United States Gulf Coast and Ohio Valley as scattered to numerous thunderstorms were forecast to form over Alabama and Florida Panhandle.[3] At 1300 UTC, the SPC extended the slight risk for severe weather as the trough shifted eastward across the Mississippi River Valley and the southern Jet stream combined with increasing moisture shifting across the U.S. Gulf Coast and Southeastern United States.[4] On January 1, 2006, the SPC then issued a moderate risk of severe weather for much of the Southeastern United States and extended the slight risk of severe weather for the Ohio Valley and West Virginia and Pennsylvania[5] as a strong area of low pressure with a trailing cold front moves across South Carolina.[6] The National Weather Service forecast that the combination of warm air and the low will bring thunderstorms, damaging hail and tornadoes across Georgia and South Carolina.[7]

Tornado damage in Henry County.

On January 2, the SPC NEXRAD detected a convective band of thunderstorms forming over southeastern Georgia and northern Florida.[8] The SPC issued in its outlook that southeastern Alabama, Florida Panhandle, Georgia and South Carolina could experience severe thunderstorms, hail and tornadoes.[9] At 12:17 PM (EST), the National Weather Service issued a severe thunderstorm warning for Tattnall County in southeastern Georgia[10] as the NEXRAD weather radar detected a line of severe thunderstorms producing hail and winds up to 60 mph.[11] Another severe thunderstorm warning was issued at 1:07 (EST) for Effingham County and Bulloch County.[12] At 1:23 PM (EST), the National Weather Service issued a tornado watch for southeastern Georgia and southeastern South Carolina.[13] The National Weather Service then issued a tornado warning for Effingham and Chatham counties.[14] After that, the thunderstorms continued to produce hail and high winds across much of Georgia and South Carolina, causing the NWS to issue more severe thunderstorm warnings and another tornado watch until 11:30 PM (EST).[15] Elsewhere, thunderstorms also spawned numerous reports of tornadoes, hail and high winds in Kentucky, Indiana.[16] Overall there were 19 confirmed tornadoes across the Southeastern United States.

Tornadoes reported
Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FU F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Total
0 6 9 4 1 0 0 20

January 1 event
List of reported tornadoes - Sunday, January 1, 2006
F#
Location
County
Coord.
Time (UTC)
Path length
Damage
Mississippi
F1 S of Spring Cottage Marion 31.05°N 89.75°W / 31.05; -89.75 1525 1 mile (1.6 km) 50 ft wide tornado caused $10,000 dollars (2006 USD) in damage.[17]

January 2 event
List of reported tornadoes - Monday, January 2, 2006
F#
Location
County
Coord.
Time (UTC)
Path length
Damage
Missouri
F0 W of Chesterfield St. Charles 38.68°N 90.92°W / 38.68; -90.92 0300 0.5 miles (0.8 km) Brief touch down, no damage.[18]
F0 W of Corridon Reynolds 37.38°N 91.1°W / 37.38; -91.1 0445 0.5 miles (0.8 km) Brief touchdown, no damage.[19]
F1 W of St. Louis St. Louis 38.67°N 90.42°W / 38.67; -90.42 0525 0.5 miles (0.8 km) Brief touchdown, no damage.[20]
Illinois
F1 S of Oconne Shelby 39.27°N 89.12°W / 39.27; -89.12 2248 0.1 miles (0.2 km) Tornado destroyed barn and blew down a few tree limbs. Damage from the tornado amounted to $15,000 (2006 USD).[21]
Florida
F0 Sumatra Liberty 30.02°N 84.98°W / 30.02; -84.98 1155 0.2 miles (0.3 km) Tornado damaged unoccupied trailer and powerlines causing $10,000 (2006 USD) in damage.[22]
Kentucky
F2 SW of Elizabethtown Hardin 37.67°N 85.97°W / 37.67; -85.97 1343 8.4 miles (13.5 km)
F1 E of Tanner Laure 37.45°N 85.87°W / 37.45; -85.87 1350 6.4 miles (10.3 km)
F1 SW of Louisville Jefferson 38.22°N 85.83°W / 38.22; -85.83 1422 1.5 miles (2.4 km)
F2 NE of Columbia Adair 37.1°N 85.28°W / 37.1; -85.28 1422 0.6 miles (1.0 km)
F1 N of Pellyton Adair 37.22°N 85.08°W / 37.22; -85.08 1457 0.1 miles (0.2 km)
F2 SW of New Salem Lincoln 37.4°N 84.77°W / 37.4; -84.77 1534 8.7 miles (14.0 km)
Georgia
F2 SW of Atlanta, Georgia Fulton, Fayette 33.52°N 84.67°W / 33.52; -84.67 1545 7 miles (11.3 km)
F3 S of Hollonville Pike 33.15°N 84.45°W / 33.15; -84.45 1612 3 miles (4.8 km)
F0 SE of Liberty Hill Lamar 33.15°N 84.13°W / 33.15; -84.13 1644 0.2 miles (0.3 km)
F1 NE of Flippen Henry 33.5°N 84.15°W / 33.5; -84.15 1648 0.6 miles (1.0 km)
F1 NW of Wayside Jones 33.07°N 83.62°W / 33.07; -83.62 1735 3 miles (4.8 km)
F1 N of Kite Johnson, Emanuel 32.75°N 82.52°W / 32.75; -82.52 1922 12 miles (19.3 km)
F0 SE of Four Points Jenkins County, Georgia 32.65°N 81.93°W / 32.65; -81.93 2015 0.1 miles (0.2 km)

Central Kentucky tornadoes
Tornado damage in Adair County, Kentucky.

The severe weather entered central Kentucky in the afternoon of January 2.[16] At 2:30 pm (EST), a supercell thunderstorm formed over western Hardin County, Kentucky and intensified as it approached the town of Cecilia. At 2:45 pm, the storm produced a 100 yard wide tornado which touched down northwest of Cecilia. The F2 tornado damaged multiple homes, sheds, trees and other structures before dissipating near Fort Knox at 2:58 pm.[23] Damage from the tornado amounted to $2 million (2006 USD).[24] At 2:45 pm, another thunderstorm formed in northwestern Hart County and crossed Interstate 65 and into LaRue County. At 2:50 pm, the storm spawned an F1 tornado that touched down near Talley. During its broken path, the tornado damaged several homes, outbuildings and a barn.[25] The LaRue County tornado left $500,000 (2006 USD) in damage.[26]

Another storm moving across the Ohio River and into Louisville, Kentucky spawned a tornado that damaged several houses before dissipating. As the supercell thunderstorm crossed over Louisville, National Weather Service NEXRAD doppler capability detected rotation at the mid-levels of the thunderstorm as it crossed the city producing hail and heavy rain.[27] In Adair County, two tornadoes were reported. One was an F2 tornado which touched down south of Columbia destroying a mobile home and damaging several houses. Another tornado, an F1 touched down near Pellytown causing damage to several homes.[28] In Lincoln County, another thunderstorm spawned a tornado that touched down 3 miles south of McKinney and moved northeast peaking at F2 strength before dissipating. The tornado damaged or destroyed several mobile homes and injured two people person.[29][30] Damage from the tornado amounted to $350,000 dollars (2006 USD).[30]

Central and Southeastern Georgia tornadoes

As the low pressure system crossed the Ohio Valley, it triggered more severe thunderstorms across Georgia and South Carolina.[15] The severe weather spawned six tornadoes ranging from F0 to F3 on the Fujita Scale. The first tornado touched down near Palmetto and moved southwest.[31] The F2 tornado caused moderate damage to trees and destroyed an apartment house.[32] Damage from the tornado amounted to $225,000 (USD)[31] In Pike County, an F3 tornado touched down south of Hollonville. The tornado damaged or destroyed five houses and injured three people.[32] Damage in Pike County, Georgia amounted to $750,000 (2006 USD).[33] The same thunderstorm that produced the tornado in Pike County, produced another tornado that touched down in Lamar County causing minor tree damage.[32] In Henry County, Georgia a short lived F1 tornado caused minor tree damage while in Jones County, an F1 tornado touched down near Wayside where it damaged a three mobile homes and destroyed a machine shop.[32] Later in Johnson County, a tornado touched down near Kite where it moved 2 miles before crossing into Emanuel County causing moderate tree damage.[32]

Non tornadic events
Supercell thunderstorm in Gasconade County, Missouri.

High winds

The line of severe thunderstorms also produced high winds, heavy rainfall and hail across the Ohio Valley.[16] and Southeastern United States.[15] In Indiana a thunderstorm caused scattered power outages and one fatality was reported in Evansville.[1] A weather station in Jeffersonville reported winds of 60 mph.[34] In Chicago, Illinois, high winds left 11,500 residents without power and cancelled flights at O'Hare International Airport.[2] In Kentucky, a line of severe thunderstorms crossed into Madison County. The winds caused moderate damage to trees and homes.[35] Severe thunderstorms also caused wind damage in Casey County.[36] In Georgia, a line of thunderstorms produced sustained winds of 40-45 mph which caused damage to trees and houses. In South Carolina, the storm brought 55 mph winds producing damage to trees and mobile homes.[37]

Hail and rainfall

In Indiana, there was hail up to 1.25 inches.[38] The storm also dropped 1.3 inches of rain across the state.[39] Hail up 0.75 inches was reported in Illinois.[38] Hail was also reported in Michigan.[2] and Missouri.[40] In Georgia, a police officer reported nickel-sized hail.[37]

References
  1. Associated Press (2006). "Tornadoes hit parts of Eastern U.S." USA Today. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
  2. Kruk (2006). "2006 Midwest Climate Watch". Midwestern Regional Climate Center. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  3. NWS Storm Prediction Center (2006). "Jan 1, 2006 0600 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  4. NWS Storm Prediction Center (2006). "Jan 1, 2006 1300 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  5. NWS Storm Prediction Center (2006). "Jan 1, 2006 0800 UTC Day 2 Convective Outlook". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  6. Associated Press (2006). "Outbreak of severe weather possible". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  7. NWS Charleston, SC (2006). "Special Weather Statement 415PM EST January 1, 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  8. NWS Storm Prediction Center (2006). "MESOSCALE DISCUSSION 0017". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  9. NWS Storm Prediction Center (2006). "PUBLIC SEVERE WEATHER OUTLOOK 1213 PM CST MON JAN 02 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  10. NWS Charleston (2006). "SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING 1217 PM EST MON JAN 2 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  11. NWS Charleston (2006). "SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT 1229 PM EST MON JAN 2 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  12. NWS Charleston (2006). "SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING 107 PM EST MON JAN 2 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  13. NWS Charleston (2006). "NWS Tornado Watch 1:23 EST January 2, 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  14. NWS Charleston (2006). "TORNADO WARNING 128 PM EST MON JAN 2 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  15. NWS Charleston (2006). "Severe Weather Outbreak - January 2, 2006". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  16. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "January 2, 2006 storms". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  17. Joshua Lietz (2008). "January 1, 2006 Tornado Report for Mississippi". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  18. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report on Missouri (1)". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  19. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report for Missouri (2)". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  20. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report for Missouri (3)". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  21. National Data Climatic Center (2006). "Illinois Event Report". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  22. National Data Climatic Center (2006). "Florida Event Report". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  23. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Hardin County, KY Tornado". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-19.
  24. Joshua Lietz (2006). "Tornado Event Report for Kentucky". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-19.
  25. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Larue County Tornado". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-19.
  26. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report for Kentucky". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  27. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Jefferson County Tornado". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  28. NWS Louisville, Kentucky (2006). "Adair County Tornadoes". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-07-16.
  29. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Lincoln County, KY Tornado". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  30. Joshua Lietz (2006). "Lincoln County, KY tornado report". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  31. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report of Georgia". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
  32. NWS Peachtree City, GA (2006). "NWS Public Information Statement". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  33. Joshua Lietz (2008). "Tornado Event Report for Georgia". Tornado History Project. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
  34. National Data Climatic Center (2006). "Indiana High Wind report". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
  35. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Madison County Thunderstorm". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
  36. NWS Louisville, KY (2006). "Casey County Thunderstorm". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
  37. NWS Charleston, SC (2006). "Preliminary Local Storm Report". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
  38. National Weather Service (2006). "Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena" (PDF). NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
  39. National Data Climatic Center (2006). "Rain Event Report for Indiana". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
  40. National Data Climatic Center (2006). "Missouri Hail Report". NOAA. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
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