Trachoma papuanum

Trachoma papuanum, commonly known as the yellow spectral orchid,[2] is an epiphytic or lithophytic clump-forming orchid with a between three and six thick, fleshy leaves and many dull yellow flowers with a white labellum opening in groups of up to four. This orchid occurs in New Guinea, Queensland and some islands in the South Pacific.

Yellow spectral orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Orchidaceae
Subfamily:
Epidendroideae
Genus:
Trachoma
Species:
T. papuanum
Binomial name
Trachoma papuanum
Synonyms[1]
  • Saccolabium papuanum Schltr.
  • Tuberolabium papuanum (Schltr.) J.J.Wood ex B.A.Lewis & P.J.Cribb
  • Parapteroceras papuanum (Schltr.) Szlach.
  • Sarcochilus societatis J.W.Moore
  • Saccolabium subluteum Rupp
  • Trachoma subluteum (Rupp) Garay
  • Trachoma societatis (J.W.Moore) N.Hallé

Description

Trachoma papuanum is an epiphytic or lithophytic herb that forms clumps with a few thin roots and branching stems 30–60 millimetres (1.2–2.4 in) long. There are between three and six thick, fleshy, elliptic to egg-shaped, dark green leaves 50–80 millimetres (2.0–3.1 in) long, about 20 millimetres (0.79 in) wide and arranged in two ranks. A large number of short-lived, pale yellow, cup-shaped, resupinate flowers 2–3 millimetres (0.079–0.12 in) long and 3–4 millimetres (0.12–0.16 in) wide are arranged on a flowering stem 5–15 millimetres (0.20–0.59 in) long. Up to four flowers are open at the same time. The sepals are about 5 millimetres (0.20 in) long and 3 millimetres (0.12 in) wide, the petals about 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long and 1 millimetre (0.039 in) wide. The labellum is about 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long and 5 millimetres (0.20 in) wide with three short lobes and a spur about 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in) long. Flowering occurs from February to April.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming

The yellow spectral orchid was first formally described in 1913 by Rudolf Schlechter who gave it the name Saccolabium papuanum and published the description in Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte.[1][6][7] In 1989 Mark Clements, Jeffrey Wood and David Jones changed the name to Trachoma pupuanum. The specific epithet (papuanum) refers to the type location, the ending -anum a Latin suffix meaning "pertaining to" or "belonging to".[8]

Distribution and habitat

Trachoma papuanum grows on rainforest trees often on branches over streams and in other humid places. It is found in New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Fiji, Niue, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, the Cook Islands, the Society Islands, Tubuai and Queensland where it grows between Cairns and Innisfail.[1][2][5][9][10]

References
  1. "Trachoma papuanum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 458. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. "Trachoma subluteum". Trin keys: Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  4. "Trachoma papuanum". Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  5. "Trachoma papuanum". Cook Islands Biodiversity & Natural Heritage. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  6. "Saccolabium papuanum". APNI. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  7. Schlechter, Rudolf (1914). Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte. Berlin. p. 978. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  8. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 94.
  9. "Trachoma papuanum". Flora and Fauna of New Caledonia. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  10. "Tuberolabium papuanum". Rare Plants of Niue. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
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