USA-178

USA-178, also known as GPS IIR-12 and GPS SVN-60, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the twelfth Block IIR GPS satellite to be launched, out of thirteen in the original configuration, and twenty one overall. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.[2]

USA-178
A Block IIR GPS satellite
Mission typeNavigation
OperatorUS Air Force
COSPAR ID2004-023A[1]
SATCAT no.28361[1]
Mission duration10 years (planned)
15 years 8 months (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeGPS Block IIR[2]
BusAS-4000[2]
ManufacturerLockheed Martin[2]
Launch mass2,032 kilograms (4,480 lb)[2]
Start of mission
Launch date23 June 2004, 22:54:00 (2004-06-23UTC22:54Z) UTC
RocketDelta II 7925-9.5, D305[3]
Launch siteCape Canaveral SLC-17B[3]
End of mission
Deactivated2 March 2020 (2020-03-03)
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeMedium Earth
(Semi-synchronous)
Perigee altitude20,089 kilometres (12,483 mi)[4]
Apogee altitude20,277 kilometres (12,600 mi)[4]
Inclination55 degrees[4]
Period718 minutes[4]
 

USA-178 was launched at 22:54:00 UTC on 23 June 2004, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D305, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration.[3] The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station,[5] and placed USA-178 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37FM apogee motor.[2]

By 23 August 2004, USA-178 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20,089 kilometres (12,483 mi), an apogee of 20,277 kilometres (12,600 mi), a period of 718 minutes, and 55 degrees of inclination to the equator.[4] It is used to broadcast the PRN 23 signal, and operates in slot 4 of plane F of the GPS constellation. The satellite has a mass of 2,032 kilograms (4,480 lb), and a design life of 10 years.[2] As of March 2020 it is no longer in service.

References
  1. "Navstar 55". US National Space Science Data Center. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  2. Krebs, Gunter. "GPS-2R (Navstar-2R)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  3. McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  4. McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
  5. McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch List". Launch Vehicle Database. Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 11 July 2012.


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