Ulmus 'Rubra'

The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Rubra' was reputedly cloned from a tree found by Vilmorin in a wood near Verrières-le-Buisson in the 1830s.[1][2] It was listed in the 1869 Catalogue of Simon-Louis, Metz, France, as Ulmus campestris rubra,[3] and by Planchon in de Candolle's Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis (1873) as Ulmus libero-rubra: 'Orme à liber rouge' [:elm with red inner bark].[4] Elwes and Henry (1913) and Bean (1936) listed it as Ulmus montana [:U. glabra Huds.] var. libro-rubro,[2][5] the former stating that the tree appeared "identical" to Simon-Louis's Ulmus campestris rubra. A specimen in the Zuiderpark, The Hague, was identified in 1940 as a wych elm cultivar, U. glabra Huds. libero rubro.[6]

Ulmus 'Rubra'
GenusUlmus
Cultivar'Rubra'
OriginFrance

Ulmus campestris rubra Hort. was distributed by the Louis van Houtte nursery of Ghent from the late 19th century,[7] and by the Späth nursery of Berlin in the early 20th century.[8] Krüssmann, in Handbuch der Laubgehölze 2: 535, 1962 confirmed it as a cultivar, Ulmus glabra Huds. 'Rubra'.[9]

Description

Henry regarded the tree as a form of wych elm, distinguished solely by the deep red or purplish-red colouring of the inner bark of young branchlets.[2][5][10]

Cultivation

No specimens are known to survive. The tree was propagated by grafting.[2] A specimen obtained from van Houtte in 1871 stood in Kew Gardens in the early 20th century,[2] and one obtained from Späth before 1914, and planted in that year, stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk.[11][12]

Synonymy
  • Ulmus libero-rubra: Planchon, in de Candolle Prodr, 17: 160 1873.
  • Ulmus libro-rubro: Elwes and Henry (1913), W. J. Bean (1936),[2][5]
  • Ulmus campestris rubra: Simon-Louis (1869)[13]

References
  1. John Claudius Loudon, Derby Arboretum, 1840, p.52
  2. Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. 7. p. 1869.
  3. Simon-Louis Catalogue, Metz, 1869, p. 97
  4. Planchon in de Candolle, Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, 17: 160 (1873)
  5. Bean, W. J. (1936) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition, Murray, London, vol. 2, p.618
  6. bioportal.naturalis.nl, specimen L.1587212
  7. Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre, Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2, p.303
  8. Späth, Ludwig (1930). Späth-Buch, 1720-1930. Berlin: Self published. pp. 311–313, 351–352.
  9. Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
  10. Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  11. rystonhall.co.uk/
  12. Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
  13. Simon-Louis Catalogue, Metz, 1869, p. 97
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