Ulmus uyematsui

Ulmus uyematsui Hayata, commonly known as the Alishan elm, is endemic to forests at elevations of 800–2,500 metres (2,600–8,200 ft) in Alishan, Chiayi County , central Taiwan,[1] where it is considered one of the minor tree species.[2][3] The tree was first named and described by the Japanese botanist Bunzō Hayata in 1913,[4] in the aftermath of the First Sino-Japanese War, when Formosa (now Taiwan) was ceded to Japan.

Ulmus uyematsui
Ulmus uyematsui in Netherlands
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Ulmaceae
Genus: Ulmus
Species:
U. uyematsui
Binomial name
Ulmus uyematsui

Description

The tree grows to a height of 25 m with a d.b.h. to 80 cm. The bark is grey, longitudinally fissured, and exfoliates in irregular flakes. The branchlets are brown, glabrous, though pubescent when young, and devoid of corky wings. The largely glabrous leaves are elliptic to oblong-elliptic 5–11 × 3–4.5 cm wide, typically caudate at the apex; the margins are doubly serrate . Unlike most elms, the leaves are equal at the base, have short (2–6 mm) petioles,[1][5] and are flushed dark-red on emergence. The perfect wind-pollinated apetalous flowers appear on second-year shoots in February, the obovate to orbicular samarae, 10–15 × 8–10 mm, in March.[1]

Hayata considered the tree similar to Ulmus castaneifolia, differing only in the much thinner leaves, and absence of pubescence on the axils of the primary lateral veins.[4]

  • Emergent leaves with dark red colouration
  • 10-year-old tree, Portchester, England
  • Samarae
  • Leaf, with scale

Pests and diseases

No information available.

Cultivation

U. uyematsui is rare in cultivation beyond Taiwan; it was introduced to commerce in the Netherlands in 2011. U. uyematsui was selected as one of eight tree species considered hardy enough to survive in the ecological reclamation of the Wujiazi iron mine 270 kilometres (170 mi) north-east of Beijing in Liaoning Province, China, where winter temperatures fall as low as −20 °C (−4 °F).[6] In England the species has survived temperatures as low as −16 °C (3 °F), but has succumbed to prolonged waterlogging on clay soils overwinter.[7]

Etymology

The species is named for K. Uyematsu, who collected the plant in 1913.[4]

Accessions

North America

Europe

Nurseries
Europe
  • A Touch of Green , Amstelveen, Netherlands.
  • Arboretum Waasland , Belgium.
  • Henny Kolster via retail nursery Mark & Rein Bulk , Boskoop, Netherlands.
  • Pan-Global Plants , Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire, UK.
Asia
  • Tenway Garden Center , Tienwei, Chonghua County, Taiwan.

References
  1. Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. ISBN 1930723407
  2. Hyun, S. K. (1969). White pines of Asia: Pinus koraiensis and Pinus armandii. Biology of rust resistance in forest trees. Proceedings of a NATO-IUFRO Advanced Study Institute, Aug. 17–24, 1969. University of Idaho, USA. Misc. publication 1221, p. 141. USDA, Feb. 1972.
  3. "Plant Name Details for Ulmus uyematsui". IPNI. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  4. Hayata, B. (1913). Icones Plantarum Formosanarum, Vol. 3. p. 174 (1913).
  6. Li, S, Li, S-x, Liu, J, Wu, Y. (2009). Selection of vegetation species for Wujiazi iron mine ecological recovery. Journal of Hebei University of Engineering (Natural Science Edition), 2009-03. University of Hebei, China.
  7. Brookes, A. H. (2013). Great Fontley Elm Trial, 2013 Report. Butterfly Conservation, Hants & IoW Branch, England.
  8. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. (2017). List of Living Accessions: Ulmus
  9. Sir Harold Hillier Gardens. (2017). List of Living Accessions: Ulmus
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