Ulmus minor 'Propendens'

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Propendens', described by Schneider in 1904 as U. glabra (:minor) var. suberosa propendens,[1][2] Weeping Cork-barked elm,[3] was said by Krüssmann (1976) to be synonymous with the U. suberosa pendula listed by Lavallée without description in 1877.[4] Earlier still, Loudon's Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum (Volume 7, 1854) had included an illustration of a pendulous "cork-barked field elm", U. campestris suberosa.[5] An U. campestris suberosa pendula was in nurseries by the 1870s (see 'Cultivation').

Ulmus minor 'Propendens'
'Propendens' (described here by its synonym, Ulmus campestris suberosa pendula)
SpeciesUlmus minor
Cultivar'Propendens'
OriginEurope

Not to be confused with U. campestris (:U. minor) microphylla pendula, a smooth-twigged cultivar.

Green considered Kirchner's Ulmus rugosa pendula (1864)[6] a synonym of 'Propendens'.[2]

Description

'Propendens' has branches wide-spreading, nodding, and corky; the leaves are small, 2 cm (0.79 in)–3 cm (1.2 in) long.[7]

  • Pendulous "cork-barked field elm", U. campestris suberosa, from Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum (1854)

Pests and diseases

Most U. minor cultivars are susceptible to Dutch elm disease, but, if not grafted, can survive through root-sucker regrowth.

Cultivation

'Propendens' remains in cultivation in Belgium (see 'Nurseries'); no surviving mature specimens have been confirmed, although a putative specimen grows at the Botanic Garden of Eötvös Loránd University of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. Provisionally identified as U. laevis 'Pendula', it has very corky-winged branchlets, atypical of the species.

From the 1870s, an U. campestris suberosa pendula was marketed in New York by the Mount Hope Nursery (also known as Ellwanger and Barry) of Rochester, New York, where it was distinguished from U. campestris microphylla pendula,[8] and from the 1880s by the Späth nursery of Berlin and by Smith's of Worcester.[9][10][11] Späth supplied an U. campestris suberosa pendula to the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada in 1899,[12] and three to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 1902, which may survive in Edinburgh, as it was the practice of the Garden to distribute trees about the city (viz. the Wentworth Elm).[13] The current list of Living Accessions held in the Garden per se does not list the plant.[14] 1902 RBGE herbarium specimens, however, show smooth rather than corky twigs (see 'External links'). Kew's U. campestris var. microphylla pendula (1896 Hand List), with small leaves about an inch in length, was equated with 'Propendens' by Henry (1913), who called it "a form of Ulmus nitens var. suberosa",[15] and by Rehder (1949);[16] it was classed by Melville as a nothomorph of 'Sarniensis'.[17][18] An U. suberosa pendula with "dark-green rough leaves" and "corky branches" appeared in the 1909 catalogue of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey, where it was distinguished from U. campestris microphylla pendula.[19] A specimen obtained from Späth as U. suberosa pendula and planted in 1911 stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk,[20] in the early 20th century.[21] 'Propendens' is believed to have once been popular in eastern Europe.[22] An U. campestris suberosa pendula, possibly 'Propendens', was present in nurseries in Victoria, Australia, in the late 19th century.[8][23]

Accessions

Nurseries

Synonymy

References
  1. C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubh. 1: 220. 1904
  2. Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  3. F. J., Fontaine (1968). "Ulmus". Dendroflora. 5: 37–55. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  4. Lavallée, Alphonse (1877). Arboretum Segrezianum. p. 237.
  5. John Claudius Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum, Vol. 7 (1854), p.235
  6. Petzold; Kirchner (1864). Arboretum Muscaviense. p. 562.
  7. Krüssmann, Johann Gerd (1984). Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees and Shrubs. 3. p. 406.
  8. Ellwanger & Barry, Descriptive Catalogue of Hardy Ornamental Trees ... at the Mount Hope Nurseries (Rochester, N.Y., 1875)
  9. L. Späth, Katalog 69, p.9, 1887
  10. Katalog (PDF). 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  11. 'Standard Ornamental Trees' in Forest, hardy ornamental trees, conifers, etc., Richard Smith & Co., Worcester, 1887–88, p.27
  12. Saunders, William; Macoun, William Tyrrell (1899). Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2 ed.). pp. 74–75.
  13. Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
  14. "List of Living Accessions: Ulmus". Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  15. Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. 7. p. 1888.
  16. Rehder, Alfred. "Ulmaceae". Bibliography of cultivated trees and shrubs hardy in the cooler temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Jamaica Plain,Massachusetts: The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. pp. 135–143. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  17. Melville, R. (1978). On the discrimination of species in hybrid swarms with special reference to Ulmus and the nomenclature of U. minor (Mill.) and U. carpinifolia (Gled.). Taxon 27: 345-351.
  18. bioportal.naturalis.nl, specimenL.1582570
  19. Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford. N.J. 1909. p. 54.
  20. rystonhall.co.uk/
  21. Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
  23. Brookes, Margaret, & Barley, Richard, Plants listed in nursery catalogues in Victoria, 1855-1889 (Ornamental Plant Collection Association, South Yarra, Victoria, 1992), p.303–304
  24. Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
  25. Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
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