Variegated antpitta

The variegated antpitta (Grallaria varia) is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, the Guianas and the northern Amazon Basin. Its range extends to Venezuela in the northwest; in the Amazon Basin, it is found in the downstream half of the basin, as well as in the Atlantic outlet region of the neighboring Tocantins-Araguaia River drainage to the southeast. A minor disjunct population is in Peru, and an Argentinian population is found in the tongue of land between Paraguay and southern Brazil.

Variegated antpitta
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Grallariidae
Genus: Grallaria
Species:
G. varia
Binomial name
Grallaria varia
(Boddaert, 1783)

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

Taxonomy

The variegated antpitta was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1780 in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux from a specimen collected in Cayenne, French Guiana.[2] The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text.[3] Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Formicarius varius in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées.[4] The variegated antpitta is now placed in the genus Grallaria that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816.[5][6] The genus name is from New Latin grallarius meaning "stilt-walker". The specific epithet varia is from Latin varius meaning "various", "diverse" or "variegated".[7]

Five subspecies are recognised:[6]

  • G. v. cinereiceps Hellmayr, 1903 – south Venezuela, northwest Brazil and northeast Peru
  • G. v. varia (Boddaert, 1783) – east Venezuela, the Guianas and northeast Brazil
  • G. v. distincta Todd, 1927 – central Brazil
  • G. v. intercedens von Berlepsch & Leverkühn, 1890 – east Brazil
  • G. v. imperator Lafresnaye, 1842 – southeast Brazil, east Paraguay and northeast Argentina

References
  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Grallaria varia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  2. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1780). "Le roi des fourmiliers". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Volume 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 231–233.
  3. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de; Martinet, François-Nicolas; Daubenton, Edme-Louis; Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (1765–1783). "Le roi des fourmilliers, de Cayenne". Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Volume 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 702.
  4. Boddaert, Pieter (1783). Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés (in French). Utrecht. p. 44, Number 702.
  5. Vieillot, Louis Jean Pierre (1816). Analyse d'une Nouvelle Ornithologie Élémentaire (in French). Paris: Deterville/self. p. 43.
  6. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Antthrushes, antpittas, gnateaters, tapaculos & crescentchests". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 177, 398. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
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