Werewolf by Night

The Werewolf by Night is the name of two fictional characters who are werewolves appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Werewolf by Night (usually referred to by other characters simply as the Werewolf) first appeared in Marvel Spotlight #2 (Feb 1972).[1]

For other Werewolf characters in comics, see Werewolf (comics).

Publication history

Prior to the formation of the Comics Code Authority in 1954, Marvel's predecessor Atlas Comics published a five-page short story titled "Werewolf by Night!" in Marvel Tales #116 (July 1953).[2] With the relaxation of the Comics Code Authority's rules in 1971, it became possible for the first time to publish code-approved comic books with werewolves.[3] The Jack Russel version of Werewolf by Night first appeared in Marvel Spotlight #2 (Feb. 1972) and was based on an idea by Roy Thomas.[4] The series name was suggested by Stan Lee and the initial creative team was Gerry Conway and Mike Ploog,[5] who worked from a plot by Roy and Jean Thomas for the first issue. Readers have often pointed out that the lead character's name, Jack Russell, is also a breed of dog. Conway has said that while he cannot remember how he came up with the name, it is unlikely that he was making this canine reference consciously, since he did not own a dog and never lived with one growing up.[3] After the test run in Marvel Spotlight #2-4, the character graduated to his own eponymous series in September 1972.[6] Conway described working on the series as "a lot of fun" because the horror genre made a refreshing change from the superhero stories that had been the staple of mainstream comics for years.[3] Werewolf by Night was published for 43 issues and ran through March 1977.[7][8] Issue #32 (August 1975) contains the first appearance of the Moon Knight. Jack Russell co-starred with Tigra in Giant-Size Creatures #1 (July 1974), which was the first appearance of Greer Grant Nelson as Tigra instead of as the Cat.[9][10] That series was retitled Giant-Size Werewolf with its second issue.[11] Jack Russell was dormant for most of the 1980s. The character's appearance was radically revamped in Moon Knight #29 (March 1983). He guest-starred in various issues of Spider-Woman, West Coast Avengers, and Doctor Strange: Sorcerer Supreme. The Werewolf by Night was later revived in the pages of Marvel Comics Presents, where he appeared irregularly from 1991-1993. He made regular appearances as a supporting cast member in the pages of Morbius: The Living Vampire from 1993-1995. A letters page in an issue of Morbius mentioned that a Werewolf by Night miniseries by Len Kaminski and James Fry was in the works, but the miniseries was never published. Werewolf by Night vol. 2 ran for six issues in 1998.[12] The series was written by Paul Jenkins and penciled by Leonardo Manco. After the book's cancellation, the story was continued in the pages of Strange Tales, which also featured the Man-Thing. That volume of Strange Tales was canceled after only two issues due to poor sales. In early 2007, Marvel published a one-shot entitled Legion of Monsters: Werewolf by Night, with art by Greg Land. In January 2009, Jack Russell was featured in the four-issue limited series Dead of Night Featuring Werewolf by Night, from Marvel's mature readers MAX imprint. The series was written by Duane Swierczynski, with art by Mico Suayan.[13] He was featured as a member of Morbius' Midnight Sons in Marvel Zombies 4 in 2009.

A second Werewolf by Night first appeared in the third volume of Werewolf by Night and was created by Taboo of the Black-Eyed Peas, Benjamin Jackendoff, and Scot Eaton.[14]

Fictional character biography

Jack Russell
Werewolf By Night
Partial cover of Werewolf by Night #1, "Eye of the Beholder!" (September 1972) by artist Mike Ploog.
Publication information
PublisherMarvel Comics
First appearanceMarvel Spotlight #2 (February 1972)
Created byRoy Thomas
Jean Thomas
Gerry Conway
Mike Ploog
In-story information
Alter egoJacob Russoff (given name)
SpeciesWerewolf
Team affiliationsLegion of Monsters
Midnight Sons
Night Shift
Notable aliasesJack Russell (adopted name)
AbilitiesIn werewolf form:
Superhuman strength, speed, stamina, agility, durability, reflexes and sense of smell
Accelerated healing factor
Razor-sharp claws and teeth

While reports of lycanthropy (shapeshifting into a werewolf) in the Russoff line stretch back many centuries, the first confirmed manifestation is Grigori Russoff in 1795. Dracula slew Grigori's wife Louisa after he refused to acknowledge Dracula's primacy upon his return to Transylvania. Grigori then ambushed and destroyed Dracula, but was mutated into a werewolf by Lydia, a werewolf formerly imprisoned by the vampire lord. Grigori took a second wife, but accounts vary as to why lycanthropy failed to pass to his descendants. Sometime prior to May 1930, Grigori's descendant, Gregor, obtained the legendary Darkhold scrolls, binding them back into book form. Reading lycanthropy's origins in the Darkhold under a full moon triggered the dormant curse, mutating Gregor into a werewolf. Gregor further transcribed much of the Darkhold into Grigori's diary, essentially creating a Darkhold copy, which he used as his own diary. Gregor sold part of his estate — including Wundagore Mountain — to Jonathon Drew, who shared it with partner Herbert Wyndham (the future High Evolutionary). The Russoff werewolf slew Jonathon's wife, Merriem, and Wyndham designed a suit of silver-coated armor to protect himself, enabling Russoff's capture. Russoff stayed with the Evolutionary, who kept the werewolf safely contained for decades. Russoff eventually used the Darkhold to summon Chthon to cure him and the Elder God nearly broke through the earthly plane; but Magnus the Sorcerer forced Russoff to banish Chthon, who lashed out with a parting blast that slew Gregor. Despite contrary accounts, the Gregor Russoff who stayed with the High Evolutionary seems to have been the grandfather (or great-grandfather) of Jack Russell. Having the same name and presumably using the same diary contributed to earlier confusion. It would seem more likely that the elder Gregor was the one who transcribed the Darkhold into the diary. Decades later, another Gregor Russoff married Laura, the former girlfriend of his younger brother Philip. Jacob (later Jack) was born in Mediaș, Transylvania, soon after, and Laura was pregnant with Lissa within two years of marriage; however, when lightning struck Russoff's Transylvanian castle during a full moon, the werewolf Gregor escaped confinement and began attacking villagers. They tracked down and killed Russoff with silver bullets. Gregor's mother, Maria, was stoned and driven from the village, living with gypsies and learning magic. After Gregor's death, Laura found Philip - who had moved to Los Angeles and anglicized his name to Russell - and they married after a year; Jack and Lissa remained unaware of Philip's past. Approximately 15 years later, the criminal organization known as the Committee learned of Gregor's curse and blackmailed Philip, threatening to reveal his secrets. To protect Laura's name, Philip paid them, but had second thoughts and canceled payment, causing the Committee to send Max Grant to kill Laura. Critically injured in a car crash on Jack's 18th birthday, Laura barely had time to tell Jack about his true father and the curse of the werewolf, making Jack promise not to harm Philip, before dying. Having inherited lycanthropy the night before, Jack slew Grant, but wrongly blamed Philip for some time. Laura left Castle Russoff in Jack's name, but Philip, the trustee, sold the castle to Miles Blackgar, who had it moved to an island off the California coast. Jack battled a motorcycle gang, infecting its members with lycanthropy.[15][16]

Jack spent the next few years as a traveler, shapeshifting on the three nights of the full moon into a savage werewolf form. He learned of the Darkhold from Nathan and Agatha Timly, who briefly kidnapped the Werewolf and met grisly ends. Befriending writer Buck Cowan, Jack sneaked into Blackgar's castle and stole the Darkhold, encountering Miles Blackgar and his daughter Marlene, whose petrifying power slew both Blackgars. After fighting off the deformed Cephalos' plot to drain his power to stabilize Cephalos' form, Jack had Father Ramon Joaquez translate the Darkhold. The priest died after being possessed by the Darkhold's former custodian, the 12th-century mad monk Aelfric, and the indestructible Darkhold vanished. Jack encountered Joshua Kane, who hunted the Werewolf, and his brother, Luther Kane, who offered to prevent Lissa from mutating into a werewolf in exchange for Jack kidnapping billionaire-turned recluse Judson Hemp; he met mentalist Swami Rihva, who sought the Werewolf's blood to reveal the treasure map of the ancient sorcerer Kaman-Ru on his "Bloodstone"; the possessing demon Krogg; and Spider-Man and Moondark the Magician.[17][18] Jack then fought the sonic-weapons of Sarnak, his first brush with the criminal organization known as the Committee, who wished to enslave the Werewolf.[19]

After fighting the sociopathic Hangman (Harlan Krueger), Jack was entranced by Topaz, the familiar of the sorcerer Taboo, who sought the Darkhold. Taboo had used the tome decades before to grant his son, Algon, a golden touch, but had lost the book in mid-spell, trapping Algon in a mindless state. Lacking the Darkhold, Taboo transferred Philip Russell's mind into Algon, but both Algon and Taboo died, restoring Philip, who explained Laura's death and reconciled with both Jack and Lissa. Traveling to Transylvania alongside Topaz, with whom he had bonded, Jack discovered the Russoff diary/Darkhold copy, the Werewolf battled Dracula[20] and the book was lost in the Alps.[21] Jack and Topaz encountered the kyphotic Half-Mad before returning to the U.S. and Jack fought the Committee's Behemoth robot and then Ma Mayhem, assisted by werewolf Raymond Coker. Jack joined the newly-mutated Tigra against HYDRA,[22] battled vampires Louis Belski and Liza Pyne, opposed Ma Mayhem and her ally Baron Thunder, and joined Coker against Lou Hackett (a corrupt policeman who could also shapeshift into a werewolf by using a magic ring), who was killed in the struggle. The Werewolf joined the Frankenstein Monster against the Satanic Brotherhood of Baal who had abducted Lissa,[23] then fought the disfigured Atlas and the Jekyll/Hyde-like DePrayve. Jack briefly returned to Transylvania following Topaz's psychic summons and encountered Maria Russoff, who used Gypsy magic to raise zombies to slay the villagers who had driven her off. Maria sacrificed herself to save Jack from her zombies upon learning that he was her grandson.[24]

In Blackgar's castle, the Werewolf, Topaz and the repentant spirit fragment of Taboo battled the necromancer Doctor Glitternight, who mutated Lissa Russell into a were-demoness; the process of curing Lissa purged her of the threat of lycanthropy, though she would still pass it on to her children. After battling Morbius, the Living Vampire[25] and slaying the demon worshipped by Brad Wrangle, the Werewolf was briefly transported to the divided dimension Biphasia by Satanist Joaquin Zaire and he aided Paingloss against the sorcerer Sardanus.[26] During a subsequent ski trip, the Werewolf nearly slew Buck Cowan, after which he was captured by the Committee-paid mercenary known as the Moon Knight, who set him free when he realized Jack's humanity and the Committee's intentions.[27][28][29] The Werewolf then joined the Ghost Rider, the Man-Thing, and Morbius in unwittingly slaying the benevolent alien Starseed, who had intended to cure them all.[30]

The Werewolf, Topaz and others then battled and were nearly driven mad by the ghost of 19th-century black magician Belaric Marcosa, but they freed the trapped spirits of Marcosa's victims, who destroyed him, and one of the grateful spirits, that of magician Gideon Blaine, healed Buck. The enigmatic Three Who Are All (the Hooded One, the Burning Snake and the Goat Child) — an ancient extra-dimensional group who had formerly included Glitternight and a fifth member, Fire-Eyes — sent Jack, Topaz, Raymond Coker and Brother Voodoo to Haiti, where the Werewolf and Fire-Eyes destroyed Glitternight once and for all. In the process, Jack gained control of his Werewolf persona, though he still only shapeshifted under moonlight and still lost control during the three nights of the full moon.[31]

The Werewolf joined with Iron Man against the Maggia's Masked Marauder and his Tri-Animan[32][33] and he teamed with Spider-Woman against the mercenary the Enforcer.[34] The mad scientist Dr. Karl Malus captured and performed scientific experiments on Russell to control him and use him against Spider-Woman; Russell escaped and apprehended Malus with the aid of Spider-Woman.[35] Russell joined Spider-Man against the Tatterdemalion, a former agent of Sarnak.[36] After being temporarily captured alongside a number of costumed adventurers by the Locksmith and Tick-Tock, Russell began mutating into a more savage and lupine form, a late effect from Malus' treatment. He fled Satanists Morning Star (Schuyler Belial) and his Left Hand Path, who wished to use his blood to mutate into werewolves, then sought aid from the now-human Michael Morbius in controlling his savage self, leading to a battle with the West Coast Avengers.[37] With assistance from Iron Man, he later saved Lissa from Morgan Le Fay's attempt to possess her.[38]

He was subsequently mind-controlled into joining the mostly-criminal Night Shift by Dansen Macabre. Russell was the only member who knew their leader, the Shroud, was using the group to oppose other criminals and to prevent them from harming innocents.[39] After encounters with Captain America, the Moon Knight and the Avengers, the Werewolf eventually developed resistance to Macabre's powers and turned on the Night Shift, after which he went solo. After briefly battling the Hulk in the Midwest, Jack contacted his father Gregor's spirit to cure his lycanthropy, but was told that he would die unless he accepted his beast. During the ensuing battle with the religious zealot Silver Dagger and the Braineaters, a cult of werewolves mutated in the past by Russell, Jack fully accepted his wolf-self and his personae merged, altering his powers and granting him full control and the best of both selves.[40][41][42][43][44][45]

Russell assisted Doctor Strange against the alien Possessors, the Night Shift against an L.A. street gang and the Ghost Rider against a new group of Braineaters; Jack narrowly survived a battle with Sabretooth and fought an unidentified Wendigo in Canada. Russell was captured by criminal scientist Nightshade who used his blood to create the Night Patrol, a group of werewolves in Starkesboro, Massachusetts. Captain America - also mutated into a werewolf - freed Russell and led the werewolves to defeat Nightshade's master, Dredmund the Druid, who had used the Godstone (the former gem of the Man-Wolf) to briefly mutate into the powerful Starwolf. The Night Patrol was cured, after which Russell was drawn into a conflict involving the Midnight Sons and was slain by Switchblade (the insane Darkhold-powered Blade), but Jack was revived once Professor Louise Hastings broke Switchblade's spell. Russell befriended the again pseudo-vampiric (and now demon-possessed) Morbius, had a vision of advertisements on the moon causing mass insanity and fought the Lilin Goblins, Mr. Hyde and the sadist Morphine. Jack had an affair with Morbius' possessed former girlfriend Martine Bancroft.[46]

Jack again began losing control of the Werewolf, locking himself in a cage while under the full moons, and even glimpsing visions of Hell as he shapeshifted. From the Cult of the Third Moon's dying leader, Walter Clark, Russell learned that only the legendary Wolfblade could control his lupine self. With the aid of Smedley, a mysterious benefactor, Russell recovered all three parts of the Wolfblade, battled the original Wolf Demon in a branch of Hell, completed the puzzle by reaccepting both selves and seemingly regained control. However, after Jack visited friends Freddie and the disfigured Lump, Smedley sent him to investigate a series of killings in which the evidence pointed to Jack as the killer. As Russell began to mutate further, Smedley said Jack just had not been careful enough in his wish to be freed from the Wolf Demon and that he must embrace the disease, or it would destroy him. Uncertain how to accomplish this, Jack found a confidant in the Lump, who cared for the Werewolf as he hid out in the sewers. While Jack's new girlfriend, Roxanna, remained blissfully unaware of his dual existence, the Werewolf was tracked down by a pair of detectives, escaping only after they were slain by the Cult of the Third Moon. Though Jack's subsequent fate is unknown, he was later seen sensing the arrival of the mystic assassin Hellphyr.[47]

In the Legion of Monsters: Werewolf by Night one-shot, Jack Russell came to Salvage, Alabama to save a family of law-abiding werewolves from a group of townsfolk led by Cal Escher. Young Rhonda was the only one left in the family after her mother and her sister Suzie chose death by gun or knife. The girl was drowning her sorrows in Sullivan's bar next to the cemetery when the gang attacked her, revealing her werewolf nature by means of a tarot card ("The Moon") and then trying to kill her. Russell interfered, mutating into the Werewolf while Rhonda decided to do the same. After killing the violent gang, Russell and Rhonda left the town, determined to control their afflictions and live their lives without fear.[48]

The Moon Knight rescues Jack from a criminal enterprise wherein samples of his blood are used to temporarily mutate homeless people into pseudo-werewolves, who are then provoked into fighting each other as a spectator sport. The Moon Knight frees Jack, who has degenerated into a near-mindless feral state, from his captors; the Werewolf proceeds to go on a rampage, attacking both his tormentors and the Moon Knight, who subdues him before restoring his freedom to him.[49]

The Werewolf appears as part of the new Midnight Sons team to hunt down zombies who escaped A.R.M.O.R. headquarters and prevent the contagion from spreading. Prior to the team's mission, he records a video will and testament telling his sister that he is happy in life. He was given a vaccine developed by Morbius the Living Vampire. In their search for the missing zombie Deadpool, the team battles and kills zombie Men-Fish and their leader, the Piranha. After battling the Hood's Night Shift and watching ally the Man-Thing seemingly die in a battle against Deadpool, Russell's vaccine fails him and he becomes a zombie. He then confronts Jennifer Kale. He battles Morbius, who realizes that Jack's werewolf form is not subject to the virus, and Jennifer Kale summons a moonlight spell to mutate him into the Werewolf.[50] Jack is later restored to normal by Morbius, who developed a cure for the zombie virus using Spider-Man's blood and samples of the zombie virus from different realities.[51]

After the death of Frank Castle,[52] Morbius pieces the Punisher together again and enlists his help in saving monsters from extinction. Jack Russell, the Man-Thing and the Living Mummy are part of the Legion of Monsters, who fight those who would wipe out all monsters. The Punisher aids this group in protecting an underground city that has many innocent, sentient monsters.[53]

Russell appears among many mystical beings of lupine and feline nature drawn to the headquarters of X-Factor Investigations by the imminent birth of the mutant Wolfsbane's child, fathered by the Asgardian wolf prince Hrimhari. While many of the gathered beings wish to acquire the child for their own ends (due to its status as a hybrid of human mutant and Asgardian god), Russell seems intent on protecting mother and child, likening the call that drew him to Wolfsbane to the hymn "O Come All Ye Faithful", and takes them into the woods of upstate New York to hide. Once the child is born, it is rejected by a shaken Wolfsbane due to its vicious, feral nature and her own religious beliefs. The cub appears to be caught up in a convergence of the mystic forces seeking it, vanishing explosively from the Earth; however, Russell finds the child hiding in a cave (unknown to its mother and the other members of X-Factor) and takes it under his care.[54][55][56]

Deadpool, upon the disbandment of the Mercs for Money, discovered that Russell had an affair with his wife Shiklah. Deadpool then promptly blew off Jack's head with a blunderbuss,[57] but Shiklah revealed that Jack would survive.[58]

Jake Gomez

Jake Gomez is a boy of Hopi descent who underwent his first werewolf transformation at the age of 13 due to a curse in his family. He was able to get control over his werewolf form with the help of his grandmother Rora and his sister Molly where the music helped with controlling his emotions unlike how Jake's father operated. Jake first appeared when hunters were hunting rabbits on Hopi Indians' tribal lands and fought them off. Rora advised him to be careful in the mission at Life Pharmaceuticals where he worked in the day due to the government going after teenage superheroes. Jake attacks two vehicles leaving Life Pharmaceuticals and finds that one of them contains the people who have gone missing from the Rez in the past month. He is then confronted by three monstrous figures with cybernetic parts on them.[59]

Powers and abilities

Jack Russell is a descendant of the mystically-altered offshoot of humans known as Lycanthropes. During the night of the full moon and the two nights surrounding it he is forced to mutate into a werewolf, a large, powerful form which is a hybrid of human and wolf, and loses his human intellect. Through a series of events, he is also capable of mutating voluntarily outside of the full moon, at which time he remains in control of himself. As a werewolf, Jack gains the proportionate physical advantages of a nearly 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) wolf. In this form, he possesses superhuman strength, speed, stamina, durability, agility and reflexes. He possesses a superhuman sense of smell, which carries over to his human form. He has razor-sharp teeth and claws that are able to rend light metals. The Werewolf is resistant to many forms of conventional injury and very difficult to kill by conventional means. Though he can be severely wounded, he recovers from non-fatal wounds much faster than a human would. He is vulnerable to magical attacks and, like all werewolves, he can be killed by weapons made of silver, due to its inherent mystical "purity".

Jake Gomez has the same transformation abilities like Jack Russell.

Other versions

In Marvel's Earth-666, a variation of the Jack Russell version the Werewolf appeared in Supernatural Tourbook and Supernaturals #1-4.

In the Marvel Adventures continuity, Jack Russell's family home is in Queens, New York. This brings him into conflict with Spider-Man after he reluctantly mutates the somewhat-innocent Flash Thompson into a werewolf. Fortunately, Dr. Strange's knowledge of Romanian lycanthropy saves Flash.[60]

During "Infinity Wars", when the universe was folded, Jack Russell got fused with Norman Osborn to create the Goblin by Night. Norman Russell was cursed to be the Goblin by Night, killed Ben and May Spector and nearly killed Peter Spector, leaving Peter to become the ArachKnight. During a battle with Peter, Norman got injured and got saved by his son, Harry Russell. While Harry was taking care of his father, Norman lost control and bit Harry, passing the curse on to him. Harry, now as the new Goblin by Night, starts using the glider that Peter built prior to him to becoming the Goblin, leaving Norman free from the curse, being forgiven by Peter and deciding to find a way to cure Harry.[61]

In other media

Television
  • The Jack Russell incarnation of Werewolf by Night appears in the The Super Hero Squad Show animated series episode "This Man-Thing, This Monster", voiced by Rob Paulsen. After his girlfriend, Ellen, is kidnapped by an army of mummies led by N'Kantu, the Living Mummy on Dracula's behalf, the Werewolf by Night joins forces with the Man-Thing and a dimensionally-displaced Iron Man to rescue her. While they succeed in defeating the vampire and the mummies, they learn Ellen had been turned into a vampiress. Taking inspiration from Iron Man, Werewolf by Night, Ellen, and the Man-Thing form the Supernatural Hero Squad to defend their town from future monster attacks.
  • The Jack Russell incarnation of Werewolf by Night appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man animated series episodes "Blade" and "The Howling Commandos", voiced by Ross Lynch.[62] He and Nick Fury's Howling Commandos join forces with former member Blade and Spider-Man to retrieve a powerful ankh from Dracula.
  • The Jack Russell incarnation of Werewolf by Night appears in the Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H. animated series, voiced by Nolan North. In the episode "Hulking Commandos", he and the Howling Commandos are assigned to apprehend the agents of S.M.A.S.H., only to join forces with them to defeat Dormammu.[63] In the episode "Planet Monster" [Pt. 2], the Werewolf by Night joins the Howling Commandos in helping the agents of S.M.A.S.H. and the Avengers combat the Supreme Intelligence's forces.
    • The episode "Days of Future Smash: Dracula" featured the Werewolf by Night's unnamed grandfather (also voiced by North), who operated in 1890 and helped Frankenstein's Monster, N'Kantu the Living Mummy, and a time-traveling Hulk thwart the Leader and Dracula's plan to blanket the Earth in darkness with their Gamma Furnace.

Film

A film adaptation of Werewolf by Night, written by Robert Nelson Jacobs, was announced and due to begin filming in 2005. However, no further developments took place since.[64]

Video games

Reception

The Werewolf by Night was ranked #6 on a listing of Marvel Comics' monster characters in 2015.[65]

Collected editions
  • Essential Werewolf by Night
    • Vol. 1 collects Marvel Spotlight #2-4, Werewolf By Night #1-21, Marvel Team-Up #12, Giant-Size Creatures #1, and The Tomb of Dracula #18, 576 pages, October 2005, ISBN 978-0785118398
    • Vol. 2 collects Werewolf By Night #22-43, Giant-Size Werewolf #2-5, and Marvel Premiere #28, 576 pages, November 2007, ISBN 978-0785127253
  • Essential The Tomb of Dracula Vol. 1 includes Werewolf by Night #15, 560 pages, 2004, ISBN 978-0785109204
  • Essential Monster of Frankenstein includes Giant-Size Werewolf #2, 496 pages, October 2004, ISBN 978-0785116349
  • Essential Moon Knight Vol. 1 includes Werewolf by Night #32-33, 560 pages, March 2006, ISBN 978-0785120926
  • Werewolf by Night: In the Blood includes Werewolf by Night vol. 2 #1-4 ISBN 978-0785132806
  • Werewolf by Night: The Complete Collection
    • Vol. 1: Spotlight #2-4, Werewolf by Night #1-15, Marvel Team-Up #12, Tomb of Dracula #18 (October 17, 2017)
    • Vol. 2: Werewolf by Night #16-30, Giant-Size Creatures #1, Giant-Size Werewolf #2-4, material from Monsters Unleashed #6-7 (February 13, 2018)
    • Vol. 3: Werewolf by Night #31-43, Giant-Size Werewolf #5, Premiere #28, Spider-Woman #6, 19, 32, Marvel Team-Up #93, Ghost Rider #55, Moon Knight #29-30, material from Premiere #59 (May 15, 2018)

References
  1. DeFalco, Tom; Sanderson, Peter; Brevoort, Tom; Teitelbaum, Michael; Wallace, Daniel; Darling, Andrew; Forbeck, Matt; Cowsill, Alan; Bray, Adam (2019). The Marvel Encyclopedia. DK Publishing. p. 406. ISBN 978-1-4654-7890-0.
  2. "Marvel Tales #116 (July 1953)". Grand Comics Database.
  3. Buttery, Jarrod (April 2014). "Ready for the Spotlight". Back Issue!. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing (#71): 6–7.
  4. Brevoort, Tom; DeFalco, Tom; Manning, Matthew K.; Sanderson, Peter; Wiacek, Win (2017). Marvel Year By Year: A Visual History. DK Publishing. p. 154. ISBN 978-1465455505.
  5. Sanderson, Peter; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2008). "1970s". Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 154. ISBN 978-0756641238. Roy Thomas came up with the idea for a series called 'I, Werewolf', narrated in the first person by a teenager who transformed into a werewolf. Stan Lee liked the concept but decided to name it 'Werewolf by Night'. The initial creative team on the series was scripter Gerry Conway and artist Mike Ploog.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 157
  7. Werewolf by Night at the Grand Comics Database
  8. Overstreet, Robert M. (2019). Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide (49th ed.). Timonium, Maryland: Gemstone Publishing. p. 1149. ISBN 978-1603602334.
  9. "Giant-Size Creatures #1 (July 1974)". Grand Comics Database.
  10. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 165: "Greer Nelson, the super-hero known as the Cat, was exposed to lethal radiation. To save her life, members of an ancient race called the Cat People transformed her into Tigra the Were-Woman, a catlike being."
  11. Giant-Size Werewolf at the Grand Comics Database
  12. Werewolf by Night vol. 2 at the Grand Comics Database
  13. Richards, Dave (December 19, 2008). "Swierczynski on Werewolf By Night". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on February 21, 2013. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
  14. "Taboo of the Black Eyed Peas and Benjamin Jackendoff Introduce a New Werewolf By Night". Marvel Comics. July 21, 2020. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  15. Thomas, Roy; Thomas, Jean; Conway, Gerry (w), Ploog, Mike (p), Ploog, Mike (i). "First Night" Marvel Spotlight #2 (February 1972)
  16. Conway, Gerry (w), Ploog, Mike (p), Ploog, Mike (i). "Werewolf By Night!" Marvel Spotlight #3 (May 1972)
  17. Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). "1970s". Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 69. ISBN 978-0756692360. Scripter [Len] Wein and plotter [Gerry] Conway teamed up for an issue [of Marvel Team-Up] penciled by Ross Andru that featured Spider-Man facing the threat of Jack Russell, the Werewolf by Night.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  18. Conway, Gerry; Wein, Len (w), Andru, Ross (p), Perlin, Don (i). "Wolf At Bay" Marvel Team-Up #12 (August 1973)
  19. Conway, Gerry (w), Sutton, Tom (p), Sutton, Tom (i). "The Sinister Secret Of Sarnak!" Werewolf by Night #10 (October 1973)
  20. Wolfman, Marv (w), Colan, Gene (p), Palmer, Tom (i). "Enter: Werewolf by Night" The Tomb of Dracula #18 (March 1974)
  21. Wolfman, Marv (w), Ploog, Mike (p), Chiaramonte, Frank (i). "Death Of A Monster!" Werewolf by Night #15 (March 1974)
  22. Isabella, Tony (w), Perlin, Don (p), Colletta, Vince (i). "Tigra the Were-Woman!" Giant-Size Creatures #1 (July 1974)
  23. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Colletta, Vince (i). "The Frankenstein Monster Meets Werewolf By Night" Giant-Size Werewolf #2 (October 1974)
  24. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Trapani, Sal (i). "Castle Curse!" Giant-Size Werewolf #3 (January 1975)
  25. Moench, Doug (w), Redondo, Virgil (p), Redondo, Virgil (i). "A Meeting of Blood" Giant-Size Werewolf #4 (April 1975)
  26. Moench, Doug (w), Montano, Yong (p), Montano, Yong (i). "The Plunder of Paingloss" Giant-Size Werewolf #5 (July 1975)
  27. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 170: "In August [1975], Jack Russell, the Werewolf by Night, encountered a new mysterious enemy called Moon Knight, created by writer Doug Moench and artist Don Perlin."
  28. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Perlin, Howie (i). "The Stalker Called Moon Knight" Werewolf by Night #32 (August 1975)
  29. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Perlin, Howie (i). "Wolf-Beast Vs. Moon Knight" Werewolf by Night #33 (September 1975)
  30. Mantlo, Bill (w), Robbins, Frank (p), Gan, Steve (i). "There's a Mountain On Sunset Boulevard!" Marvel Premiere #28 (February 1976)
  31. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Perlin, Don (i). "And Death Shall Be the Change" Werewolf by Night #41 (November 1976)
  32. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Perlin, Don (i). "The Marauder and the Man of Iron" Werewolf by Night #42 (January 1977)
  33. Moench, Doug (w), Perlin, Don (p), Perlin, Don (i). "Terrible Threat of the Tri-Animan!" Werewolf by Night #43 (March 1977)
  34. Gruenwald, Mark; Grant, Steven (w), Infantino, Carmine (p), Esposito, Mike (i). "The Beast Within" Spider-Woman #19 (October 1979)
  35. Fleisher, Michael (w), Leialoha, Steve (p), Mooney, Jim (i). "The Fangs of Werewolf By Night" Spider-Woman #32 (November 1980)
  36. Grant, Steven (w), Sutton, Tom; Infantino, Carmine (p), Mooney, Jim (i). "Rags to Riches!" Marvel Team-Up #93 (May 1980)
  37. Engelhart, Steve (w), Milgrom, Al (p), Sinnott, Joe (i). "Ins and Outs!" West Coast Avengers v2, #5 (February 1986)
  38. Mallonee, Dennis (w), Hoberg, Rick (p), Akin, Ian; Garvey, Brian; Geiger, Steve (i). "A Renaissance of Magic!" Iron Man #209 (August 1986)
  39. Gruenwald, Mark (w), Morgan, Tom (p), de la Rosa, Sam (i). "Night Shift" Captain America #330 (June 1987)
  40. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Chapter 1: The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress" Marvel Comics Presents #54 (July 1990)
  41. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Part 2: The Gathering Storm" Marvel Comics Presents #55 (July 1990)
  42. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Chapter III: Trail of Blood" Marvel Comics Presents #56 (August 1990)
  43. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Part 4: Leader of the Pack" Marvel Comics Presents #57 (August 1990)
  44. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Chapter V: Communion" Marvel Comics Presents #58 (September 1990)
  45. Kaminski, Len (w), Fry, Jim (p), Joyce, Brad (i). "Children of the Beast Part 6: Reborn to Be Wild" Marvel Comics Presents #59 (September 1990)
  46. Trusiani, Lisa (w), Gilmore, Craig (p), Witherby, Mike (i). "New Blood" Morbius: The Living Vampire #30 (February 1995)
  47. Walsh, Brian (w), Deodato, Mike (p), Deodato, Mike (i). "The Gathering" Witches #1 (Early August 2004)
  48. Carey, Mike (w), Land, Greg (p), Leisten, Jay (i). "Smalltown Girl: A Werewolf By Night Tale" Legion of Monsters: Werewolf by Night #1 (April 2007)
  49. Benson, Mike (w), Deodato, Mike (p), Deodato, Mike (i). "In The Company Of Wolves" Moon Knight v6, #20 (September 2008)
  50. Van Lente, Fred; Walker, Kev (2010). Marvel Zombies 4. Marvel Comics. p. 128. ISBN 978-0785139188.
  51. Van Lente, Fred; Quinones, Joe (2010). Amazing Spider-Man #622. Marvel Comics.
  52. Remender, Rick (w), Romita Jr., John (p), Janson, Klaus (i). "A Good Lie" Dark Reign: The List - Punisher #1 (December 2009)
  53. Remender, Rick; Liu, Marjorie; Way, Daniel (2011). The Punisher: Franken-Castle. Marvel Comics. p. 344. ISBN 978-0785144205.
  54. David, Peter (w), Lupacchino, Emanuela (p), Ortego, Guillermo (i). X-Factor v2, #222 (September 2011)
  55. David, Peter (w), Lupacchino, Emanuela (p), Ortego, Guillermo (i). X-Factor v2, #223 (October 2011)
  56. David, Peter (w), Lupacchino, Emanuela (p), Ortego, Guillermo (i). X-Factor v2, #224 (October 2011)
  57. Duggan, Gerry (w), Hawthorne, Mike (p), Pallot, Terry (i). "Good Help is Hard to Find" Deadpool v4, #17 (October 2016)
  58. Duggan, Gerry (w), Hawthorne, Mike (p), Pallot, Terry (i). Deadpool v4, #18 (November 2016)
  59. Werewolf by Night Vol. 3 #1. Marvel Comics.
  60. David, Peter (w), Norton, Mike (p), Lee, Norman (i). "Hair of the Dog That Bit Ya" Marvel Adventures #17 (September 2006)
  61. Hopeless, Dennis (w), Garza, Alé (p), Garza, Alé (i). Infinity Warps: ArachKnight 1 (December 2018)
  62. Ferrell, Cody (September 21, 2013). "Terry Crews Is Blade In Ultimate Spider-Man's Halloween Special". Comic Book Therapy. Archived from the original on October 3, 2013.
  63. "Hulking Commandos". Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H. Season 2. Episode 3. October 19, 2014. Disney XD.
  64. "Werewolf by Night Movie Update". SuperHeroHype.com. November 18, 2005. Archived from the original on February 21, 2013. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
  65. Buxton, Marc (October 30, 2015). "Marvel's 31 Best Monsters". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on September 30, 2018. Werewolf by Night was part of the Marvel monster surge of the early '70s and remains one of Marvel’s most heroic classic monsters.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.