Wiltshire Police

Wiltshire Police, formerly known as Wiltshire Constabulary, is the territorial police force responsible for policing the county of Wiltshire (including the Borough of Swindon) in South West England.

Wiltshire Police
Agency overview
Formed13 November 1839
Preceding agencies
Employees2,236[1]
Volunteers245 (220 specials and 25 PSVs)[1]
Annual budget£108.0 million[1][2]
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionWiltshire, England
Map of police area
Size1,346 square miles (3,490 km2)
Population680,137
Legal jurisdictionEngland & Wales
Constituting instrument
General nature
Operational structure
Overviewed byIndependent Police Complaints Commission/Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary
HeadquartersLondon Road, Devizes
Police officers1,211 (including 236 special constables)[3]
Police Community Support Officers132[3]
Police and Crime Commissioner responsible
Agency executive
Notables
Significant Display Events
  • Wiltshire Emergency Services Show
Website
www.wiltshire.police.uk

In terms of officer numbers, it is the third smallest force in the United Kingdom (after the City of London Police and Warwickshire Police) but has the 20th largest geographic area to police of the 45 territorial police forces of the country.[4]

History

Before 1839, policing in Wiltshire was the responsibility of petty and parish constables, who were supervised by magistrates. This was largely ineffective as they were unpaid and untrained. Independent and private forces, such as the Devizes Prosecution Society, emerged and continued to operate after Wiltshire Police was formed. The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 meant that Salisbury Borough was formed and was required to have an official city force, that would replace the local force: New Sarum Police. The Salisbury City Police was founded in 1836 and was the first modern police force to operate in Wiltshire.

In 1839, several groups of labourers rioted in many parts of the county over the price of food and the introduction of new farm equipment that was taking their jobs; they started fires and destroyed farm equipment. In response to the 225 incidents, residents of Wiltshire called for the formation of a police force similar to Robert Peel's Metropolitan Police force, whose 'A' division had visited in 1836 to help control riots. When the County Police Act 1839 was introduced, Wiltshire became the first county to form a county-level police force, with Wiltshire Constabulary being established on Wednesday 13 November 1839 at The Bear Hotel, Devizes, mere hours before the second (Gloucestershire Constabulary).

The first Chief Constable was Captain Samuel Meredith RN who placed an advertisement in the local paper to recruit 200 constables who were paid 17/6d a week. New constables were given their uniform and an instruction booklet and then sent off to work without any training or guidance. It was not until 1843 (and later 1855) that they were given training. Wiltshire Constabulary started operating from January 1840 and had filled almost all its posts by summertime. The Chief Constable spent the first months of his time visiting all the boroughs in Wiltshire, spending almost all his £400 salary on travel. The first ranks were only Constable and Superintendent, but Sergeant, Inspector, Detectives and five classes of Constable were later introduced.[5]

Notable events for Wiltshire Police include the Rode Hill House murder in 1860, the bomb explosion outside Salisbury Guildhall in September 1884, the Trowbridge Christmas Eve murder in 1925 and escorting Louis Blériot when displaying his famous cross-channel aeroplane.[6]

Salisbury continued to have a separate police force, Salisbury City Police, to the rest of Wiltshire until World War II, when the two were merged. The merger took effect on 1 April 1943 and was initially a temporary measure, but became permanent after the war ended.

On 6 July 1961, Sir Charles Carter Chitham, a retired policeman of the former British India, laid the foundation stone of the new Wiltshire Police county headquarters at Devizes.[7]

Twice in the 1980s, Wiltshire Police officers had to cover for the prison officers of Erlestoke Prison when they went on strike. In 1985, the force was involved in the Battle of the Beanfield, which prevented a convoy of new age travellers, known as the Peace Convoy, from establishing the fourteenth Stonehenge free festival at Stonehenge. The incident led to accusations of a police riot. The police also had to deal with the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp who were protesting against nuclear weapons being kept in Greenham Common, Berkshire. Most significantly the 1980s saw the introduction of the Police National Computer, Command and Control systems and the HOLMES investigation system. Also a national probationary training programme was introduced in all forces for new recruits.

Criminal Investigation Department

On 30 June 1857 the Magistrates Committee expressed interest in forming an investigation department which was founded with three of the 'most intelligent constables'. This situation remained until 1936 when three Detective Constables and a Detective Sergeant were recruited. It was not until 1939 that an official head of the department was appointed, and a Detective Sergeant was appointed to take charge of new equipment such as that for the Photographic, Printing and Fingerprinting departments. That same year the department acquired its first vehicle, an Austin saloon car. CID remained stagnant in its development until after the war, after which it slowly expanded, and in 1997 it had 170 detectives.

Roads Policing Unit

The unit was founded on 7 May 1939 at the urging of the Home Secretary.

Ports Policing Unit

The Wiltshire Police Ports Unit was established in April 2000. It is responsible for policing all non-designated airfields in Wiltshire, making sure that legislation is followed, particularly the Terrorism Act 2000. It also obtains any intelligence on smuggling and contraband. Ports in Wiltshire include Old Sarum Airfield and Clench Common Airfield.

Air Operations Unit

The Air Support Unit was officially created in the spring of 1990, but Wiltshire Police had been renting helicopters since the late 1980s. They experimented with fixed-wing aircraft, a Robinson Beta 22 helicopter and an Aérospatiale Gazelle, but later chose a Bolkow 105 in 1990, which was used for seven years until it was replaced by a McDonnell Douglas 902 Explorer. This helicopter was shared with the Great Western Ambulance Service, an arrangement that was seen in only one other area of the country. Besides the pilot, the helicopter carried an observer and a paramedic. The Air Support Unit was based at the headquarters in Devizes, where a hangar was built in 1993.

In 2014, the unit was merged into the National Police Air Service, meaning the force no longer owned or operated its own helicopter. From January 2015, the air ambulance function separated into Wiltshire Air Ambulance, a registered charity which operates its own helicopter; the charity leased the Devizes airbase until it moved to a newly built base near Melksham in June 2018.[8]

Mounted Division

In 1909 Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary raised concerns over the lack of a mounted division in the force. As a result, six constables were transferred to the new mounted division, which doubled to 12 the next year. Although the mounted division was not active every day, they were of particular use at the Salisbury Races ceremonial duties such as escorting judges and guarding the royal carriage. They were also occasionally loaned to neighbouring forces. The fate of the mounted division is unknown, but it most likely was ended during the introduction of motor vehicles in the 1920s.

Tri-Force Specialist Operations Unit

Between 2013 and 2019, a collaboration with the Avon & Somerset and Gloucestershire forces covered roads policing, firearms and police dogs.[9][10]

Chief Constables
  • 1839–1870 Captain Samuel Meredith RN
  • 1870–1908 Captain Robert Sterne RN
  • 1908–1943 Colonel Sir Höel Llewellyn DSO, DL
  • 1943–1946 Mr W.T. Brooks (acting Chief Constable)
  • 1946–1963 Lt Colonel Harold Golden CBE
  • 1963–1979 Mr George Robert Glendinning OBE, QPM
  • 1979–1983 Mr Kenneth Mayer QPM
  • 1983–1988 Mr Donald Smith OBE, QPM
  • 1988–1997 Mr Walter Girven QPM, LL B, FBIM
  • 1997–2004 Dame Elizabeth Neville DBE, QPM, MA, PhD
  • 2004–2007 Mr Martin Richards QPM
  • 2008–2012 Mr Brian Moore QPM
  • 2012–2013 Mr Patrick Geenty (temporary Chief Constable)
  • 2013–2015 Mr Patrick Geenty
  • 2015–2018 Mr Mike Veale[11]
  • 2018– Mr Kier Pritchard[12]

Deputy Chief Constables
  • 2018– Mr Paul Mills QPM[13]

Governance

The force was under the local oversight of the Wiltshire Police Authority until 2012. The police authority had nine councillor members, who were appointed from Wiltshire Council and Swindon Borough Council, and eight independent members, one of whom was a justice of the peace. The responsible government department is the Home Office.

On 15 November 2012, the Police and Crime Commissioner elections took place in England and Wales. In Wiltshire, Angus Macpherson was elected Police and Crime Commissioner. The police and crime commissioner is scrutinised by the Wiltshire Police and Crime Panel, made up of elected councillors from the local authorities in the police area.

Organisation

Wiltshire Police has two divisions – Swindon and Wiltshire – incorporating eight Community Policing Team areas.[14]

Swindon Royal Wootton Bassett Chippenham Devizes Salisbury Amesbury Trowbridge Warminster
Hub station Gablecross, South Marston Royal Wootton Bassett Monkton Park, Chippenham Devizes Bourne Hill, Salisbury Amesbury Trowbridge Warminster
Covers Swindon, Highworth Royal Wootton Bassett, Malmesbury, Cricklade, Lyneham Chippenham, Corsham, Calne Devizes, Marlborough, Pewsey Salisbury, Alderbury, Wilton Amesbury, Bulford, Durrington, Larkhill, Tidworth, Ludgershall, Perham Down Bradford-on-Avon, Melksham, Trowbridge Westbury, Warminster, Mere

Each sector has several specialist teams, namely:

  • Community Policing Teams (CPTs), each with Police Officers (including Special Constables), Community Coordinators (formerly Beat Managers), PCSOs and Local Crime Investigators (LCIs) working together to combine the role of traditional Neighbourhood Policing Teams with Response Officers providing start-to-finish coverage of incidents. There are seven CPT areas with five teams per area – equating to approximately 35 teams. The earlier split NPT/Response setup has been completely phased out in Wiltshire.
  • Criminal Investigation Departments (CID) detect serious crime, operating from hubs at Swindon, Melksham and Salisbury.
  • Forensic Services investigate crime scenes, operating from the same three hubs.
  • CTT (Community Tasking Team) is a proactive unit that targets persistent criminals and focuses on specific operations.

Headquarters-based teams

To support the CPTs, several centralised teams operate from the headquarters:

  • Specialist Operations
    • Road Policing Unit (RPU) – policing the Wiltshire stretch of the M4 and major trunk roads, proactive roads policing and attending serious/fatal road collisions.
    • Armed Response Group (ARG) – attending incidents involving firearms and other weapons, and supporting CPT with TASER capability.
    • Dog Section – providing support using general purpose dogs (tracking of suspects/missing persons/public order) usually with the German or Dutch Shepherd breed; drugs dogs (for the detection of illegal drugs, cash and firearms during searches of areas/vehicles/properties) with Spaniels and Staffordshire Bull Terriers; and explosive search dogs, usually Labrador Retrievers.
  • Unmanned Aviation Support Group (UASG) – Drone team pioneered by the Special Constabulary, assisting with searches for offenders & missing persons and evidence collection at serious incidents.
  • Crime and Communications Centre (CCC) – split into Incident Control (radio dispatch of officers and 999 call handling) and Crime Recording (101 calls and non-urgent enquiries).
  • Major Incident Planning
  • Major Investigation Team
  • Special Branch
  • Intelligence
  • Corporate Communications

Locations
Wiltshire Police Headquarters, Devizes

The headquarters of Wiltshire Police is at London Road, Devizes, where it has always been based because of its geographical position in the centre of Wiltshire. The operational headquarters are at Melksham for county division and Gablecross, South Marston, for Swindon division. The emergency communications centres for Wiltshire Police are at Devizes and Gablecross. The SNEN non-emergency call centre is at Devizes. Devizes is also the home of the Dog Squad and the training facilities for all new recruits.

There are enquiry offices at Gablecross, Chippenham, Marlborough, Trowbridge, Melksham (south of the town at Hampton Park) and Salisbury.[15][16] Custody units are at Gablecross and Melksham.[17]

The number of other sites was reduced after a 2017 review.[17] Swindon division has police posts at North Swindon, West Swindon and Swindon Centre. County division has sites at Cricklade, Royal Wootton Bassett, Calne, Malmesbury, Corsham, Bradford on Avon, Warminster, Tisbury, Mere, Devizes, Amesbury, Tidworth and Pewsey. There is also a police post at Leigh Delamere services on the M4.

The facilities at Chippenham (Monkton Park), Corsham (Springfield campus), Salisbury (Bourne Hill) and Tisbury (Nadder Centre) are within Wiltshire Council buildings; the 2017 review stated a goal to increase the use of shared buildings.[17] In late 2019 and early 2020, officers began using Wiltshire Council libraries in Malmesbury, Westbury, Downton and Wilton as "touchdown" points, to increase contact with the public.[18]

Former sites

Wiltshire Police's headquarters used to be on Bath Road in Devizes, formerly the Wiltshire Militia Stores; it was acquired in 1879 by Wiltshire Police as their headquarter, and nearby was a row of houses where senior officers lived. The building has since been demolished. Wiltshire Police remained at this site for 85 years until the early 1960s when the organization required a larger headquarters and the new building was commissioned on the London Road site, which was opened in 1964.[19] An extension was added in the 1970s.

The Old Town police station at Eastcott Hill in Swindon was also too small for the expanding organization and was demolished in 1973. The 'D Division' was moved to a purpose-built station in the centre of Swindon.

The station at Highworth closed in 2018[20] and the station (with adjoining house) at Wroughton was sold at around the same time.[21] Stations at Alderbury, Westbury and Wilton had closed by March 2020.[18]

Gablecross Police Station, Swindon

Special Constabulary

Special Constables have served in Wiltshire since their definition was finalised under the Special Constables Act 1838. The National Policing Improvement Agency implemented the national strategy for Specials recruitment, training and development. After setting targets to recruit 100 Specials a year, Wiltshire's Special Constabulary currently has roughly 220 officers and is still recruiting. The selection process lasts up to six months.

Training

Training is in two phases. Phase one is over twelve weeks and is a mixture of weekday evening training and weekend training, held at Wiltshire Police headquarters, Devizes. Upon completion of this phase, Special Constables are sworn in, receive their warrant card and are assigned their police station to parade from. Phase 2 consists of pairing with a regular officer until a series of webinars and classroom training is completed and a list of tasks that must be completed is signed off by regular officers; during this they also receive their Basic Driving qualification, allowing them to drive police vehicles, stop vehicles and put on road closures. Once all this is completed the Special Constable achieves independent patrol status.

Once independent patrol status is achieved, Special Constables in Wiltshire have access to a variety of training courses.

  • Standard (blue light) driving course
  • Drone training with the UASG
  • Police Support Unit (PSU) Level 2 also known by the public as "riot training", predominately assisting at football matches and demonstrations.

The rank structure for Specials adopts the NPIA recommendations to use standard insignias and not 'bars'. Wiltshire Police Specials have four-digit collar numbers beginning with either 4 or 5.

Deployment

Special Constables are directly aligned to each CPT area under the supervision of a Police Sergeant and are allocated a PC tutor to guide them though their Phase 2 development to Independent Patrol Status. Once this is achieved, Special Constables have the option to remain on their respective CPT areas or assist with the two Special Constabulary specialist units, the Specials Road Safety Unit (SRSU) and the Unmanned Aerial Support Group (UASG).

Wiltshire Special Constabulary rank structure and insignia
RankSpecial
Police
Constable (SPC)		Special Police
Sergeant (SPS)		Special Police
Inspector

(SPI or S/Insp)

 Special
Superintendent

(S/Supt)

Insignia
Redundant Rank
Wiltshire Special Constables and Sergeants do not wear the crown insignia above their 'SC' markings; ranks above this do wear a crown. As of 2017, Wiltshire Special Constables and Sergeants do not have the 'SC' markings. They just have 'W' for the one Basic Command Unit (BCU) and then a shoulder number beginning with 4 or 5. Sergeants use the regular markings and display chevrons. Wiltshire Police no longer promote to the rank of SPS – however there are still officers with this rank as they were promoted prior to its removal.

Solstice

Wiltshire Police is responsible for policing the annual Solstice celebrations that take place every year at Avebury and the associated sites such as Stonehenge and Silbury Hill.

Swindon Town Football Club

Swindon Town Football Club on County Road attracts continuous police attention as the club has been known for hooliganism since the 1970s. Nick Lowles, the author of Hooligans 2: The M–Z of Britain's Football Hooligan Gangs, said "If you look at Swindon, the police have been very proactive in the last five years in terms of stopping hooliganism".

Swindon Town has imposed banning orders on those supporters who cause disruption, criminal damage or are violent when attending games. There were 29 banning orders in place in 2006, which was an increase from a total of 11 in 2005.[22] The increase has resulted in a reduction of arrests at games, with only 22 people being arrested attending games in 2005–06 compared to 39 arrests in 2004–05.[23] Of the 22 arrests in 2005–06, 11 were for public disorder, 5 for violent disorder and the rest were made up of offences relating to missile throwing, racist chanting, pitch invasion, alcohol-related offences and one incident of being in possession of an offensive weapon.[24] 33 Swindon fans were banned from travelling to the 2006 FIFA World Cup.[25]

Royal Wootton Bassett, 2007–2010

Between 2007 and 2011 the Wiltshire town of Wootton Bassett was host to the repatriations of fallen service men and women who died in Afghanistan and Iraq. The bodies were brought through the town from RAF Lyneham on their way to the John Radcliffe Hospital at Oxford. Wiltshire Police were responsible for policing the crowds and any special events.[26] Officers from Wootton Bassett station received a special award at the Jane's Police Awards for their contribution to policing the repatriations.[27] Police were again praised for policing the 'Ride of Respect' in March 2010, the operation included planning,[26] marshalling and policing the crowd and 22,000 participants.[28]

Salisbury and Amesbury poisonings, 2018

Wiltshire Police took part in Operation Fairline – the multi-agency response to the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in March 2018 at Salisbury – and Operation Fortis, which followed further poisonings in June at Amesbury.[29] They received mutual support from 40 other forces, involving 1,200 officers.[30] By June 2018 the cost of the first incident was estimated at £7.5 million,[31] and in November total costs were projected to be £10.8m.[32]

Presentation

Headgear

Wiltshire Police officers wear the traditional black custodian helmet in the rose style, with seamed joined and thin black metal band with a Brunswick star that reads 'Wiltshire Constabulary' or 'Wiltshire Police' for foot patrol, and a black peaked cap with Sillitoe tartan banding for when on mobile patrol in vehicles. Female officers wear a black bowler hat with Sillitoe tartan banding for foot patrol and mobile patrol.

Traffic officers wear a white peaked cap with Sillitoe tartan banding, or a white bowler with Sillitoe tartan banded hat for mobile patrol.

PCSOs always wear a peaked cap with a blue band, or a bowler hat with a blue band for female PCSOs.

Officers, whether Constable or PCSOs, when travelling on bicycle wear a black cycle helmet with 'Police' inscribed on it.

Armed Response or Dog Section officers wear black protective baseball caps that read 'Police' and have a Sillitoe tartan pattern on the sides.

Operational uniform

When on duty officers wear a black wicking T-shirt with the Brunswick star and 'Wiltshire Police' on the chest, 'Police' on the sleeves, and black uniform trousers. They also wear black body armour with the Wiltshire police 'patch' badge on the front, and 'Police' on the back. From 2019, Wiltshire issues its officers high-visibility Tac-Vests that can be used in conjunction with duty belts to carry equipment.

PCSOs wear similar uniform, a blue wicking T-shirt with the Brunswick star and 'Wiltshire Police' on the chest, with 'Police Community Support Officer' on the sleeves, black uniform trousers, a black fleece with 'Police Community Support Officer' on the back, and black body armour with the same back badge. PCSOs are not offered tactical vests because they carry less equipment than constables. PCSOs are also issued with reflective raincoat and trousers. PCSOs' epaulettes are blue and start with 'C', followed by their four-digit identifier.

Formal uniform

Formal dress consists of an open-necked tunic, with white shirt/blouse and black tie. Constables and sergeants wear custodian helmets, name badges and their collar numbers sewn into their tunic shoulders. Sergeants wear a chevron stitched onto the tunic sleeve. All higher-ranked officers wear peaked caps, name badges and their rank sewn into their tunic shoulder. The No.1 uniform is accompanied by black boots or shoes and occasionally black gloves, or brown gloves for the rank of Inspector and above.

Formal dress for PCSOs consists of a white shirt/blouse, with blue epaulettes showing collar number, with a blue tie, black trousers and black boots.

Wiltshire Police do not have Brunswick stars on their epaulettes, just the rank or collar number.

Equipment

Wiltshire Police officers (including Special Constables) carry TETRA digital radios, Hiatt rigid handcuffs, PAVA incapacitant spray, the ASP 21" collapsible baton, leg restraints, a resuscitation mask, a spit guard and a basic first-aid kit. Many officers are also issued with TASERs. PCSOs do not carry the aforementioned equipment, except digital radios. All Wiltshire officers use body-worn video cameras.

Police vehicles contain a variety of equipment, which can include Arnold batons, traffic cones, road signs, breathalyzers, stingers, and speed guns.

Each officer is also issued a laptop, allowing them to work remotely without needing to return to home stations when completing paperwork.

Vehicles
WX59 KRO Ford Focus (177), Wiltshire Police, Salisbury)

Wiltshire Police use many different makes of vehicles from several different car manufacturers for the diverse categories of response vehicles required by the modern police service. For response duties they use primarily the Vauxhall Astra, in addition to the Vauxhall Antara, Vauxhall Corsa, Honda Accord, Honda CR-V, Ford Focus, Ford Ranger and Ford Kuga amongst others. Furthermore, Wiltshire Police use a wide variety of vehicles in their Specialist Divisions. The Roads Policing Unit use BMW 5 Series Touring and a Lexus GS450h as their liveried patrol cars. Armed Response Vehicles include BMW X5s.

With regards to vans, for duties such as custody transportation, Wiltshire Police use Vauxhall Vivaro, Mercedes Vito and Iveco Daily vehicles. Ford Mondeos with dog cages are used by the Dog Section.

Due to Honda being based in Swindon, Wiltshire Police have a contract with them to supply Civics and Accords to the force for police staff and duty purposes.

Livery

Wiltshire Police use the modern yellow and blue retro-reflective battenberg markings all over all operational vehicles, as well as the Wiltshire Constabulary crest, and the contact phone number. The Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust have permission to use full police markings on their workshop vans, with 'The Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust' written on the side.

Wiltshire Police stopped using the 'jam sandwich' police car markings between 2000 and 2005 when battenburg markings were introduced.


Strength and recruitment

Wiltshire Police employs 2,236 people and 350 volunteers. Of these, 1346 are warranted police officers, 147 are Police Community Support Officers, 150 are control room operators and call handlers, and 593 are civilian staff. Of the 350 volunteers, 25 are Police Support Volunteers and 220 are Special Constables.

Wiltshire Police currently is not recruiting constables, PCSOs, transferred officers, civilian staff or control room operators due to budget cuts. They are only hiring for roles that need to be filled.

Wiltshire Police is recruiting people for voluntary roles. Their Police Support Volunteer scheme has doubled in size over the past year, and they now have 80 PSVs. Their Special Constabulary has increased since 2009, with targets of recruiting a total of 300 Specials reached in early 2011.

Training for new recruits in Wiltshire is held at the headquarters in Devizes. For constables it consists of eight months' training and a two-year probationary period. For PCSOs it consists of 18 weeks' training and a 15-weeks probationary period. For Special Constables it consists of 7 months of training during weeknights and weekends, and a mandatory two-year probationary period.

Recruits receive their warrant card and uniform in the first two months of training. Once the training period is over, the new officers are posted in a local division.

Performance

British Crime Survey

Wiltshire is one of the safest counties in the UK, with the 6th lowest crime rate per 1000 people in England. Recorded crime dropped by 7%, or 2,706 crimes, between April 2009 and March 2010. Wiltshire Police's detection rate is 6% higher than average, at 28%.

Wiltshire Police also have a favourable public image with the 2nd best in the UK for the public perceptions that police are dealing with anti-social behaviour effectively, and 3rd best in the UK for the public perceptions that police are dealing with drunk and disorderly behaviour effectively.

Drink driving in Wiltshire was highlighted as a problem in the National Summer 2010 Drink Drive Campaign that saw 2.87% of 3377 positive for drink driving in June 2010. However this is a drop of 3.53% from 2009.[33][34]

Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary

A report from March 2010 by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary marked Wiltshire Police as 1 out of 10 forces that were graded as being 'excellent' and improving on reducing crime, 'fair' at protecting citizens from serious harm, and 'fair' for confidence and satisfaction. Wiltshire was also 1 of 13 forces classed as 'good' for local policing, and 1 of 13 forces that received no 'poor' grade in any category.[35]

Independent Police Complaints Commission

In the year 2007/8 complaints and allegations recorded slightly decreased from the previous year. Wiltshire Police has one of the lowest rates for 'incivility' allegations at 11%, but one of the highest for 'oppressive conduct or harassment' at 15% and 'breach of PACE Code C' at 9%.

In the same 2007/8 period, Wiltshire Police received 234 complaints and 460 allegations. Wiltshire has an above-average 358 allegations per 100 officers, spread across five categories. Wiltshire Police are 1% or 0% lower on allegations except for 'incivility, impoliteness and intolerance', for which they receive 10% less allegations than the national average.

Of the 460, 26% were investigated, 43% came to a resolution and 31% were withdrawn, dispensed with or discontinued. Of the 26% allegations investigated in 2007/8, 91% were unsubstantiated, 2% higher than the national average.[36]

Chief Constable Patrick Geenty, along with two other officers, are presently under IPCC investigation for alleged mishandling of child sexual abuse complaints.

Controversy

Battle of the Beanfield
Main article: Battle of the Beanfield

In 1985 Wiltshire Police prevented a vehicle convoy of several hundred new age travellers from setting up at the 11th Stonehenge Free Festival at Stonehenge in Wiltshire, England, after English Heritage (the custodians of the site) were granted an exclusion zone of some four miles around the Stones. A violent exchange between the travellers and police in riot gear took place over several hours. eight police officers and sixteen travellers were taken to hospital with minor injuries. One traveller suffered from a fractured skull. As much of the action took place in a field containing a bean crop, the events became known as the Battle of the Beanfield.

A sergeant in the Wiltshire Police was subsequently found guilty of having caused actual bodily harm to a traveller. Members of the convoy sued Wiltshire Police for wrongful arrest, assault and criminal damage as a result of the damage to themselves and their property. The Earl of Cardigan (David Brudenell-Bruce, Earl of Cardigan), who had witnessed the events, gave evidence against the police. After four months of hearings, twenty-one of the travellers were successful in their case and were awarded £24,000 in damages.[37]

Sgt. Mark Andrews

In June 2008 Pamela Somerville was arrested near Melksham after being found asleep in her car, for failing to provide a specimen of breath for breath alcohol analysis. The custody officer in Melksham police station, Sergeant Mark Andrews, was accused of assaulting Somerville during her detention, including dragging her through the custody suite and dropping her onto the concrete floor of a detention cell.

Andrews was initially found guilty of actual bodily harm and was sentenced to six months in prison and faced dismissal from the police force. Assistant Chief Constable Patrick Geenty criticised his subordinate and apologised to Somerville.[38][39]

On 14 September 2010 Sgt Andrews was bailed after serving only 6 days of his sentence pending an appeal against his conviction to be held at Oxford Crown court in November 2010.[40]

On Thursday 18 November 2010 Sgt Andrews was cleared of any wrongdoing with regards to the allegation of assault in Melksham Custody against Somerville. Sgt Andrews claimed that Pamela Somerville had grabbed hold of the door frame of the cell and on letting go she had fallen to the floor. Mr Justice Bean declared Somerville was drunk when she was put in the cells and he believed that Sgt Andrews did not intend to throw her to the floor.[41][42]

DCC David Ainsworth

The Deputy Chief Constable David Ainsworth (nicknamed "The Brain" due to his rumoured high intellect) and formerly ACC of Kent Police, was found dead at his home on 22 March 2011. He had hanged himself.[43][44] He had been removed from his normal duties while an "internal staff issue" was investigated.[45] Wiltshire Police allowed South Wales Police and the Independent Police Complaints Commission to conduct an inquiry into the matter. The coroner released Wiltshire Police of any burden noting they had implented 'comprehensive welfare arrangements' for Mr Ainsworth.[46] The independent report criticised Wiltshire Police for failing to properly vet Mr Ainsorth when assuming the role of DCC. The report also said the force was "ill-prepared" to deal with the "exceptional situation" of the harassment complaints made.[46] Wiltshire Police responded saying that ACPO should share some of the burden as they had 'green lit' the application for the ACC to DCC promotion, a form that did not include a section for vetting.[46]

Chief Constable Patrick Geenty

Former Chief Constable, Patrick Geenty, is presently under IPCC investigation for alleged mishandling of sexual abuse complaints. On 4 February 2015, Geenty announced his intention to retire in May. Five days later, on 9 February 2015, Geenty reversed this position and announced that he would remain in post until the IPCC investigation was completed. An IPCC spokesman expressed the view that Mr Geenty should not be allowed to retire until the investigation and any subsequent proceedings were completed. The Police Federation criticised the uncertainty and lack of leadership in the force, and called upon Mr Geenty to stand by his original announcement.[47]

PC Ronnie Lungu

Wiltshire Police was found, in a 2015 Employment Tribunal decision, to have racially harassed and discriminated against a black officer, PC Ronnie Lungu.[48]

Investigation into Edward Heath

In 2017 the force faced public criticism for its £1.5M investigation alleged sexual abuse by deceased prime minister Edward Heath.[49]

Budget cuts

Proposed merger

In 2006 the Home Office announced plans to reduce the number of police forces in the UK from 42 to 24 in an attempt to save money. The plans were abandoned later that year due to lack of funding for the mergers, but the idea has resurfaced many times. The proposal would see Wiltshire Police merge with Gloucestershire Constabulary, Devon and Cornwall Police, Avon and Somerset Constabulary and Dorset Police.

In 2010 the plans were publicly criticised by all the involved forces, stating that it would lead to poor quality service and a reduction in local policing.[50]

Speed cameras

After a 27% loss of funding from the Department of Transport, Chief Executives of Wiltshire and Swindon Camera Safety Partnership decided to switch off all fixed speed cameras, causing the loss of 40 jobs. Despite a 33% reduction in deaths and injuries on Wiltshire roads the decision to close the partnership was made in early August 2010. ACC Geenty said "This has been a very difficult decision and one that the partners have agonised over because we are of course committed to continuing to improve road safety".[51][52][53]

In the media

Wiltshire Police officers are often featured on the Bravo police-reality programmes Brit Cops: Zero Tolerance and Brit Cops: Frontline Crime; the show usually follows officers in Salisbury or Swindon. The show is often repeated on Virgin 1.[54] Wiltshire Police officers based at Salisbury station are featured in Nights Cops,[55] a shadowing documentary following officers who work nights shifts in city centres. The Motorcycle Policing unit was featured on Channel 5's Emergency Bikers in Series 2 where they escorted a Hercules from Wootton Bassett towards Somerset.

Wiltshire Police is also often featured in the county's newspapers, the Gazette and Herald, Wiltshire Times, The Swindon Advertiser, The Swindon Star and The Star. It is featured less frequently on the local news programmes: BBC Points West and ITV The West Country Tonight.[56][57]

Wiltshire Police headquarters was used as a police building for an opening shot in the 1992 version of Agatha Christie's The A.B.C. Murders, for which all cars and signs were removed.

Since 2017, Wiltshire Police have participated in Channel 4's 999: What's you Emergency? which follows frontline officers and staff in the 999 control room.

Other activities

Wiltshire Police Cadets

Wiltshire Police has a police cadet scheme since 2014.. Cadets wear black trousers, dark brown fleeces, white shirts, red ties and black hats (bowlers for girls) with a red band and red cadet epaulettes.. Previously there was a cadet scheme until August 1980 when it was closed, along with many other similar schemes in the UK. The cadets at that time wore uniforms the same as constables, except with a blue-banded peaked cap and 'Cadet' on their epaulettes.

The scheme gave rise to many of the force's constables. For instance, the current Chief Inspector of Swindon Operations, Mike Jones, was in the last ever cadet unit in the Wiltshire Police.[58] There has been discussion to roll out a police cadet scheme based on the example of the North Wales Police, but due to economic circumstances it seems unlikely that such a scheme would be re-introduced.[59]

In 2014 The first cadets scheme was started in Swindon: since then it has expanded to Trowbridge, Salisbury and Chippenham sectors. The purpose of the scheme is presented as a way of engaging with young people and gaining a resource for minor policing matters. However, the scheme does not envisage direct police officer recruitment from the cadets, as had been the case in the 1980s.

Wiltshire Police Band

The Wiltshire Police Band is an arm of the Wiltshire Police recreational club.[60] In October 1984, The Band of the Wiltshire Constabulary was formed by a small group of enthusiastic musicians from within the police force. At first membership was restricted only to officers, but after three years membership was permitted to civilians who were involved in police business. Today Wiltshire Police Band has 26 musicians and plays various engagement throughout the year. They practice every Tuesday at Wiltshire Police Headquarters in Devizes.

The Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust

The Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust was set up in 1998 by Chief Constable Dame Elizabeth Neville. It is an independent charity that provides home security to victims of crime, and Wiltshire's elderly and disadvantaged.[61] It currently funds three 'bobby vans' that serve as mobile workshops to the three operators, who are trained locksmiths, carpenters, crime reduction officers and fire risk assessors. The operators travel around the county installing equipment to those who need it, free of charge. They are directed by coordinators who prioritise the referrals received from eight different sources.

The Bobby Van Trust works closely with Wiltshire Police and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service. However, it is independently funded through public donations and small government grants.

The Bobby Van Trust is made up of three operators, three coordinators, 11 trustees and 1 police liaison officer. The current director is Jennie Shaw, the chairman Robert Hiscox and the patron The Duchess of Cornwall.

For the financial year of 2009 the Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust raised £256,153, a decrease of £2984 from 2008, and spent £231,692, an increase of 10,908.[62][63]

Officers killed in the line of duty

See also: List of British police officers killed in the line of duty

The Police Memorial Trust lists and commemorates all British police officers killed in the line of duty, and since its establishment in 1984 has erected over 38 memorials to some of those officers.

The following officers of Wiltshire Police are listed by the Trust as having died during the course of their duties:[64]

  • PC Daniel John Cooper, 2010 (road traffic accident)
  • Sgt Michael Ivor Tucker, 1991 (heart attack during firearms training)
  • PC John Lewis Marsh, 1989 (collapsed and died after struggling to arrest a suspect)
  • DC Mark Herbert, 1987 (road traffic accident)
  • PC Desmond Derrick Kellam, 1979 (attacked by a suspect)
  • PC Philip Stephen Russell, 1978 (road traffic accident)
  • PC Leonard Alan Harding, 1977 (road traffic accident)
  • PC Robert Edward Cray, 1973 (struck by car)
  • PC Colin D. R. Hayward, 1968 (road traffic accident)
  • PC Cedric A. Hemming, 1968 (struck by car)
  • PC Maurice William Foord, 1961 (struck by car)
  • Chief Insp Edmund Richard Norris, 1955 (road traffic accident)
  • War Reserve Constable Albert William Newman, 1942 (shot)
  • Insp Albert Enos Mitchell (road traffic accident)
  • PC Henry G. Tanner, 1931 (road traffic accident)
  • PC Frank Gray, 1929 (road traffic accident)
  • Sgt William Frank Crouch, 1913 (shot)
  • Supt Frederick Bull, 1892 (fatally injured while riding horse)
  • Sgt Enos Molden, 1892 (shot)
  • PC Andrew Albert Reuben Hancock, 1875 (attacked during a disturbance)

See also

References
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